一直以来,我都为动态调用WebService方法而烦恼。在.Net环境下,最常用的方法就是采用代理类来调用WebService,可以通过改变代理类的Url属性来实现动态调用,但当xmlns改变时就会出错,似乎要重新绑定Webservice并重新编译后才能再次运行。我还试过网上的一种动态编译并动态调用WebService的方式,这种方法效率低,而且需要有较高的权限,否则编译失败。我曾在Sql Server 2005的CLR存储过程中用此方法调用WebService时,浪费了大半天时间,无论怎么试它就是不能成功编译。于是我便不断思考其他的方法,今天晚上终于写了一个类用于动态调用WebService,只需传入WebService地址、需调用的方法及其参数,就可以随时动态调用了。现分享给大家,代码如下:
using System.Web;
using System.Xml;
using System.Collections;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
// By huangz 2008-3-19
/**/ /// <summary>
/// 利用WebRequest/WebResponse进行WebService调用的类,By 同济黄正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19
/// </summary>
public class WebSvcCaller
{
// <webServices>
// <protocols>
// <add name="HttpGet"/>
// <add name="HttpPost"/>
// </protocols>
// </webServices>
private static Hashtable _xmlNamespaces = new Hashtable(); // 缓存xmlNamespace,避免重复调用GetNamespace
/**/ /// <summary>
/// 需要WebService支持Post调用
/// </summary>
public static XmlDocument QueryPostWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + " / " + MethodName);
request.Method = " POST " ;
request.ContentType = " application/x-www-form-urlencoded " ;
SetWebRequest(request);
byte [] data = EncodePars(Pars);
WriteRequestData(request , data);
return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
}
/**/ /// <summary>
/// 需要WebService支持Get调用
/// </summary>
public static XmlDocument QueryGetWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + " / " + MethodName + " ? " + ParsToString(Pars));
request.Method = " GET " ;
request.ContentType = " application/x-www-form-urlencoded " ;
SetWebRequest(request);
return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
}
/**/ /// <summary>
/// 通用WebService调用(Soap),参数Pars为String类型的参数名、参数值
/// </summary>
public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)
{
if (_xmlNamespaces.ContainsKey(URL))
{
return QuerySoapWebService(URL , MethodName , Pars , _xmlNamespaces[URL].ToString());
}
else
{
return QuerySoapWebService(URL , MethodName , Pars ,GetNamespace(URL));
}
}
private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars , string XmlNs)
{ // By 同济黄正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19
_xmlNamespaces[URL] = XmlNs; // 加入缓存,提高效率
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);
request.Method = " POST " ;
request.ContentType = " text/xml; charset=utf-8 " ;
request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction" , "/"" + XmlNs + (XmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + MethodName + "/"");
byte [] data = EncodeParsToSoap(Pars , XmlNs , MethodName);
WriteRequestData(request , data);
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument() , doc2 = new XmlDocument();
doc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());
XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(doc.NameTable);
mgr.AddNamespace( " soap " , " http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/ " );
String RetXml = doc.SelectSingleNode( " //soap:Body/*/* " , mgr).InnerXml;
doc2.LoadXml( " <root> " + RetXml + " </root> " );
AddDelaration(doc2);
return doc2;
}
private static string GetNamespace(String URL)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL + " ?WSDL " );
SetWebRequest(request);
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());
sr.Close();
return doc.SelectSingleNode( " //@targetNamespace " ).Value;
}
private static byte [] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable Pars , String XmlNs , String MethodName)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/" xmlns:xsd=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/" xmlns:soap=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//"></soap:Envelope>");
AddDelaration(doc);
XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement( " soap " , " Body " , " http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/ " );
XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(MethodName);
soapMethod.SetAttribute( " xmlns " , XmlNs);
foreach ( string k in Pars.Keys)
{
XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(k);
soapPar.InnerXml = ObjectToSoapXml(Pars[k]);
soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);
}
soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);
doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);
return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);
}
private static string ObjectToSoapXml( object o)
{
XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
mySerializer.Serialize(ms,o);
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));
if (doc.DocumentElement != null )
{
return doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml ;
}
else
{
return o.ToString();
}
}
{
request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
request.Timeout = 10000 ;
}
private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request , byte [] data)
{
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();
writer.Write(data , 0 , data.Length);
writer.Close();
}
private static byte [] EncodePars(Hashtable Pars)
{
return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ParsToString(Pars));
}
private static String ParsToString(Hashtable Pars)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
foreach ( string k in Pars.Keys)
{
if (sb.Length > 0 )
{
sb.Append( " & " );
}
sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(k) + " = " + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Pars[k].ToString()));
}
return sb.ToString();
}
private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)
{
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);
String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(retXml);
return doc;
}
private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)
{
XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration( " 1.0 " , " utf-8 " , null );
doc.InsertBefore(decl , doc.DocumentElement);
}
}
这个类有三个公用的方法:QuerySoapWebService为通用的采用Soap方式调用WebService,QueryGetWebService采用GET方式调用,QueryPostWebService采用POST方式调用,后两个方法需要WebService服务器支持相应的调用方式。三个方法的参数和返回值相同:URL为Webservice的Url地址(以.asmx结尾的);MethodName为要调用的方法名称;Pars为参数表,它的Key为参数名称,Value为要传递的参数的值,Value可为任意对象,前提是这个对象可以被xml序列化。注意方法名称、参数名称、参数个数必须完全匹配才能正确调用。第一次以Soap方式调用时,因为需要查询WSDL获取xmlns,因此需要时间相对长些,第二次调用不用再读WSDL,直接从缓存读取。这三个方法的返回值均为XmlDocument对象,这个返回的对象可以进行各种灵活的操作。最常用的一个SelectSingleNode方法,可以让你一步定位到Xml的任何节点,再读取它的文本或属性。也可以直接调用Save保存到磁盘。采用Soap方式调用时,根结点名称固定为root。
这个类主要是利用了WebRequest/WebResponse来完成各种网络查询操作。为了精简明了,这个类中没有添加错误处理,需要在调用的地方设置异常捕获。
下面是一个调用实例:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6810355c2f78c12e91b7997a8e8c583a.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a41954a27d6ad96fa2c2cf816e677448.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/717446ca04a6125dc5b6b54e0fa14ab4.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/37c8bf68cdc3cc81759c34160776bc53.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/6a9c071a08f1dae2d3e1c512000eef41.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/717446ca04a6125dc5b6b54e0fa14ab4.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/0196c3df5ea9e936f21e9932cca91014.gif)