# UVA10862 Connect the Cable Wires【大数+递推】

Asif is a student of East West University and he is currently working for the EWUISP to meet his relatively high tuition fees. One day, as a part of his job, he was instructed to connect cable wires to N houses. All the houses lie in a straight line. He wants to use only the minimum number of cable wires required to complete his task such that all the houses receive the cable service. A house can either get the connection from the main transmission center or it can get it from a house to its immediate left or right provided the latter house is already getting the service.

You are to write a program that determines the number of different combinations of the cable wires that is possible so that every house receives the service.

Example: If there are two houses then 3 combinations are possible as shown in the figure.

Figure: circles represent the transmission center and the small rectangles represent the houses.

Input

Each line of input contains a positive integer N (N ≤ 2000). The meaning of N is described in the above paragraph. A value of 0 for N indicates the end of input which should not be processed.

Output

For each line of input you have to output, on a single line, the number of possible arrangements. You can safely assume that this number will have less than 1000 digits.

Sample Input

1

2

3

0

Sample Output

1

3

8

这个问题的关键是数列的递推式，同时需要注意起始项的值。递推式如下：

f0=1

f1=1

......

fn=3*fn-1 - fn-2。

大数计算是用模拟法来实现的，参见程序。

用Java程序来完成大数计算是最为方便的。

AC的C++语言程序如下：

AC的C++语言程序（模拟法）如下：

/* UVA10862 Connect the Cable Wires */

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

typedef long long LL;

const int N = 2000;
const int N2 = N / 16;
const LL BASE = 1e16;
LL fib[N + 1][N2 + 1];

void setfib()
{
fib[1][0] = 1;
fib[2][0] = 3;
int len = 1;
for(int i = 3; i <= N; i++) {
int carry = 0;
for(int j = 0; j < len; j++) {
fib[i][j] = 3 * fib[i - 1][j] - fib[i - 2][j] + carry;
if(fib[i][j] < 0) {
carry = -1;
fib[i][j] += BASE;
} else {
carry = fib[i][j] / BASE;
fib[i][j] %= BASE;
}
}
if(carry)
fib[i][len++] = carry;
}
}

int main()
{
memset(fib, 0, sizeof(fib));

setfib();

int n;
while(~scanf("%d", &n) && n) {
int k = N2;
while(fib[n][k] == 0)
k--;
printf("%lld", fib[n][k]);
for(int i = k - 1; i >= 0; i--)
printf("%016lld", fib[n][i]);
printf("\n");
}

return 0;
}



AC的Java语言程序如下：

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