一、
新建文件
| f= File . new ( File .join( "C:" , "Test.txt" ), "w+" ) |
文件模式
"r" :Read-only. Starts at beginning of file (default mode).
"r+" :Read-write. Starts at beginning of file.
"w" :Write-only. Truncates existing file to zero length or creates a new file for writing.
"w+" :Read-write. Truncates existing file to zero length or creates a new file for reading and writing.
"a" :Write-only. Starts at end of file if file exists; otherwise, creates a new file for writing.
"a+" :Read-write. Starts at end of file if file exists; otherwise, creates a new file for reading and writing.
"b" :(DOS/Windows only.) Binary file mode. May appear with any of the key letters listed above
二、读取文件
| file= File .open( File .join( "C:" , "Test.txt" ), "r" ) |
| file. each
{ |line| print "#{file.lineno}." , line } |
三、新建、删除、重命名文件
| File . new ( "books.txt" , "w" ) |
| File .rename( "books.txt" , "chaps.txt" ) |
| File .delete( "chaps.txt" ) |
四、目录操作
05 | Dir .rmdir( "c:/testdir" ) |
08 | p Dir .entries( File .join( "C:" , "Ruby" )).
join( ' ' )
|
11 |
Dir
.entries( File
.join( "C:" , "Ruby" )). each { |
1、ARGV and ARGF
ARGV
| ARGV << "cnblogslink.txt" |
| #The gets method is a Kernel method that gets lines from ARGV |
ARGF
2、文件信息查询
|
p File : :exists ?( "cnblogslink.txt" )
# => true |
| p File .file?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true |
| p File : :directory ?( "c:/ruby" ) # => true |
| p File : :directory ?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false |
| p File .readable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true |
| p File .writable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => true |
| p File .executable?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false |
| p File .zero?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => false |
| p File .size?( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => 74 |
| p File .size( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => 74 |
| p File : :ftype ( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => "file" |
| p File : :ctime ( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:05:07 +0800 2009 |
| p File : :mtime ( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:06:34 +0800 2009 |
| p File : :atime ( "cnblogslink.txt" ) # => Sat Sep 19 08:05:07 +0800 2009 |
3、查找文件
| Dir [ "c:/ruby/*" ]. each {|x| |
| |x| puts x if x != "." && x != ".." |
| Dir .open( 'c:/ruby' ) { |d| d.grep /l/ }. each {|x| puts x} |
| puts "---------------------------" |
| Dir [ "c:/ruby/ruby/[rs]*" ]. each {|x| puts x} |
| puts "------------------------" |
| Dir [ "c:/ruby/[^s]*" ]. each {|x| puts x} |
| puts "------------------------" |
| Dir [ "c:/ruby/{ruby,li}*" ]. each {|x| puts x} |
| puts "------------------------" |
| Dir [ "c:/ruby/?b*" ]. each {|x| puts x} |
| Find.find( './' ) { |path| puts path } |
加载文件时需要:
require ‘file’
但是加载这个文件前需要有个上下文环境,如:
$:.unshift(File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),’..’,’file’)))
require 如果返回true,说明成功读取了新的功能
加载路径,就是默认ruby启动的时候会在这些路径里去寻找可以加载的类库。ruby加载路径放在一个变量$LOAD_PATH($:)里。
函数解释:
File.dirname(__FILE__) 得到当前文件的路径
File.join(‘x’,’y’,’z’) 相当于x/y/z
File.expand_path('./x/y/z) 组成一个绝对路径
$:.unshift("file")加入到$:变量中
支持通配符各正则表达式:
Dir.glob(Dir.glob(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '../*.rb')).each {|f| require f }