COM中使用数组

    本不想写这篇文章，因为在COM中使用数组无非是个SAFEARRAY的使用问题，查查MSDN就可以了。但是看到有很多人问这个问题，觉得给大家一个范例模仿更好一些，大家看MSDN也不致那么辛苦了。

    代码中给了两种数组的用法，一种是字符串数组，另一种是自定义数据结构数组。

一、字符串数组

关键代码：
组件方：

STDMETHODIMP CTestArray::Show1(SAFEARRAY *pSa) { // TODO: Add your implementation code here if (pSa != NULL) { VARTYPE vt; SafeArrayGetVartype(pSa, &vt);//判别数组元素类型 if (vt != VT_BSTR) return S_FALSE; long lLBound, lUBound; BSTR *pBstr; char strText[1024]="", strTemp[100]; SafeArrayGetLBound(pSa, 1, &lLBound);//一维数组下标 SafeArrayGetUBound(pSa, 1, &lUBound);//一维数组上标 SafeArrayAccessData(pSa, (void**)&pBstr); for (long i=lLBound; i<=lubound; i++) { wcstombs(strTemp, *(pBstr+i), 100); strcat(strText, strTemp); } SafeArrayUnaccessData(pSa); ::MessageBox(NULL, strText, "Use Array in COM DLL", MB_OK); return S_OK; } return S_FALSE; } 

客户方：

void CTestDlg::OnButton1() { USES_CONVERSION;//想用T2OLE就必须加上这一句 CoInitialize(NULL); ITestArrayPtr ptr; ptr.CreateInstance(__uuidof(TestArray)); SAFEARRAYBOUND pSab[1]; pSab[0].lLbound = 0; pSab[0].cElements = 3; SAFEARRAY *pSa; pSa = SafeArrayCreate(VT_BSTR, 1, pSab); BSTR *pBstr; SafeArrayAccessData(pSa, (void**)&pBstr); *(pBstr) = SysAllocString(T2OLE("BSTR1 "));//也可用A2W *(pBstr+1) = SysAllocString(T2OLE("BSTR2 ")); *(pBstr+2) = SysAllocString(T2OLE("BSTR3 ")); SafeArrayUnaccessData(pSa); ptr->Show1(pSa); SafeArrayDestroy(pSa); ptr.Release(); CoUninitialize(); } 

二、自定义数据结构数组

关键代码：
组件方：

STDMETHODIMP CTestArray::Show2(SAFEARRAY *pSa) { if (pSa !=NULL) { VARTYPE vt; SafeArrayGetVartype(pSa, &vt);//判别数组元素类型 if (vt != VT_RECORD) //VT_RECORD型 return S_FALSE; long lLBound, lUBound; STUDENT *pStudent; char strText[4096]="", strTemp[100]; SafeArrayGetLBound(pSa, 1, &lLBound);//一维数组下标 SafeArrayGetUBound(pSa, 1, &lUBound);//一维数组上标 SafeArrayAccessData(pSa, (void**)&pStudent); for (long i=lLBound; i<=lubound; i++) { wcstombs(strTemp, (*(pStudent+i)).name, 100); strcat(strText, "name="); strcat(strText, strTemp); strcat(strText, " /n"); sprintf(strTemp, "grade="%d/n"," (*(pStudent+i)).grade); strcat(strText, strTemp); if ((*(pStudent+i)).sex="=" 0) strcpy(strTemp, "male/n"); else strcpy(strTemp, "female/n"); strcat(strText, "sex="); strcat(strText, strTemp); if ((*(pStudent+i)).graduate) strcpy(strTemp, " true/n"); else strcpy(strTemp, "false/n"); strcat(strText, "graduate:"); strcat(strText, strTemp); strcat(strText, "/n"); } SafeArrayUnaccessData(pSa); ::MessageBox(NULL, strText, "Use Array in COM DLL", MB_OK); return S_OK; } return S_FALSE; } 

客户方：

void CTestDlg::OnButton2() { const GUID GUID_STUDENT = "{0xF7D09422,0xB295,0x11d4,{0x98,0xDB,0x00,0x80,0xC8,0xF5,0xB2,0xE4}};" CoInitialize(NULL); ITypeInfo *pTypeInfo = NULL; ITypeLib *pTypelib = NULL; IRecordInfo *pRecInfo = NULL; SAFEARRAY *psaStudent = NULL; SAFEARRAYBOUND rgbounds = {4, 0 }; STUDENT *pStudentStruct = NULL; ITestArrayPtr ptr; LoadRegTypeLib(LIBID_USEARRAYLib, 1, 0, GetUserDefaultLCID(), &pTypelib); pTypelib->GetTypeInfoOfGuid(GUID_STUDENT, &pTypeInfo); GetRecordInfoFromTypeInfo(pTypeInfo, &pRecInfo); pTypeInfo->Release(); pTypelib->Release(); //只有用VT_RECORD才能识别数据结构 psaStudent = SafeArrayCreateEx(VT_RECORD, 1, &rgbounds, pRecInfo); pRecInfo->Release(); SafeArrayAccessData(psaStudent, (void**)(&pStudentStruct)); pStudentStruct[0].grade = 3; pStudentStruct[0].name = SysAllocString(L"Lostall");//用L更简单 pStudentStruct[0].sex = male; pStudentStruct[0].graduate = true; pStudentStruct[1].grade = 8; pStudentStruct[1].name = SysAllocString(L"Nicesnower"); pStudentStruct[1].sex = female; pStudentStruct[1].graduate = false; pStudentStruct[2].grade = 12; pStudentStruct[2].name = SysAllocString(L"Mike"); pStudentStruct[2].sex = male; pStudentStruct[2].graduate = true; pStudentStruct[3].grade = 3; pStudentStruct[3].name = SysAllocString(L"Linda"); pStudentStruct[3].sex = female; pStudentStruct[3].graduate = false; SafeArrayUnaccessData(psaStudent); ptr.CreateInstance(CLSID_TestArray); ptr->Show2(psaStudent); ptr.Release(); CoUninitialize(); } 

下载示例代码(55KB)

相关技术：

• BSTR型字符串与一般字符串之间的相互转换

相关参考：

• COM组件中使用用户自定义数据类型

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* 本文选自：COM集中营