ESP32S蓝牙05

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-02 09:17:11 发布

tongyue

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-02 09:17:11 发布

阅读量2.2k

点赞数

文章标签： android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tongyue/article/details/123678475

版权

本文介绍如何使用Eclipse为Android编写蓝牙客户端APP，采用代码编程而非APPInventor积木式编程。内容涉及蓝牙连接、数据传输及异常处理，包括开启蓝牙、搜索设备、连接设备及发送数据的实现过程。在实际操作中，遇到模拟器启动失败的问题，解决方案是先断开手机连接，清除电脑连接记录，然后启动Eclipse编译，再连接手机进行测试。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

ESP32S蓝牙05

继续ESP32S的经典蓝牙学习。今天我们准备重做蓝牙手机客户端APP，不过今天不是用APPInventor积木式编程，而是使用Eclipse的代码编程，继续向着蓝牙通讯的底层探究。

Eclipse是我最近才升级的，Android API24的版本（差不多是Android7.1的系统）。

程序主要还是按照前面的客户端APP界面要求来写的，先上源代码吧：

这个是程序代码，在MainActivity.java

package com.example.bluetooth;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

import android.util.Log;

import android.os.AsyncTask;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.os.Handler;

import android.os.Message;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Set;

import java.util.UUID;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.AdapterView;

import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.ListAdapter;

import android.widget.ListView;

import android.widget.TextView;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

private Button onoff, send;

private TextView msgstr;

private EditText sendstr;

private Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices;

private ArrayList list;

private ArrayAdapter adapter;

private ListView lv;

private Intent intent;

private BluetoothAdapter BA;

private ConnectThread mConnectThread;

private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread;

private int mState = 0;

public static final int SUCCESS = 0;

private Handler handler = new Handler() {

@Override

public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

super.handleMessage(msg);

switch (msg.what) {

case SUCCESS:

msgstr.setText((String) msg.obj);

break;

default:

break;

}

};

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

onoff = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);

send = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2);

msgstr = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView1);

sendstr = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.edittext1);

lv = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.listView1);

//获取蓝牙适配器

mState = 0;

BA = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

if (BA.isEnabled()) { //如果蓝牙已经开启

mState = 1;

//设置本机蓝牙为可搜索状态

intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);

startActivityForResult(intent, 0);

//直接查找设备列表，并把设备名称显示在列表中

pairedDevices = BA.getBondedDevices();

list = new ArrayList();

for(BluetoothDevice bt : pairedDevices)

list.add(bt.getAddress() + " " +bt.getName());

adapter = new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, list);

lv.setAdapter(adapter);

onoff.setText("关闭蓝牙");

}else {

onoff.setText("打开蓝牙");

}

onoff.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

if (!BA.isEnabled()) {

msgstr.setText("请稍候");

intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

startActivityForResult(intent, 0);

try {

Thread.sleep(12000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

}

intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);

startActivityForResult(intent, 0);

pairedDevices = BA.getBondedDevices();

list = new ArrayList();

for(BluetoothDevice bt : pairedDevices)

list.add(bt.getAddress() + " " +bt.getName());

adapter = new ArrayAdapter(MainActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, list);

lv.setAdapter(adapter);

onoff.setText("关闭蓝牙");

msgstr.setText("蓝牙开启");

mState = 1;

}else {

if (mState == 5) {

//往蓝牙服务器端发送关闭服务指令

String str = "close";

mConnectedThread.write(str.getBytes());

try {

Thread.sleep(300);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

}

mConnectThread.cancel();

mConnectThread = null;

mConnectedThread.cancel();

mConnectedThread = null;

}

BA.disable();

list.clear(); //清空list

adapter = new ArrayAdapter(MainActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, list);

lv.setAdapter(adapter);

onoff.setText("打开蓝牙");

msgstr.setText("蓝牙关闭");

mState = 1;

//Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Turned off" ,

//Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

});

send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

String str = sendstr.getText().toString();

if(mState == 5)

mConnectedThread.write(str.getBytes());

}

});

lv.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

BluetoothDevice mDevice;

@Override

public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

//当用户选中列表中的某一个蓝牙设备时

if(mState == 1) {

msgstr.setText(list.get(position).toString());

int i = 0;

for(BluetoothDevice bt : pairedDevices) {

if(i == position) { mDevice = BA.getRemoteDevice(bt.getAddress()); break;} else i += 1;

}

//开启连接蓝牙线程

mState = 2;

mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(mDevice);

mConnectThread.start();

}

});

}

//连接蓝牙的线程

private class ConnectThread extends Thread {

private final String MY_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";

private BluetoothSocket socket;

private BluetoothDevice device;

//构造函数中启动连接到服务器

public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) {

this.device = device;

BluetoothSocket tmp = null;

try {

tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(MY_UUID));

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

this.socket = tmp;

}

//进入线程等待

public void run() {

BA.cancelDiscovery();

Message msg = new Message();

try {

//当成功连接到服务器的时候

socket.connect();

mState = 3;

msg.what = SUCCESS;

msg.obj = "连接成功01";

handler.sendMessage(msg);

//创建一个侦听输入、发送输出的服务线程

mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket);

mConnectedThread.start();

//从这里结束连接线程

} catch (IOException e) {

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException ee) {

ee.printStackTrace();

}

msg.what = SUCCESS;

msg.obj = "连接失败01";

handler.sendMessage(msg);

return;

}

public void cancel() {

try {

socket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

}

// 双方蓝牙连接成功后一直运行的输入输出服务线程

private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {

private BluetoothSocket socket;

private InputStream inputStream;

private OutputStream outputStream;

//构造函数中定义了输入输出的流

public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {

this.socket = socket;

InputStream input = null;

OutputStream output = null;

try {

input = socket.getInputStream();

output = socket.getOutputStream();

mState = 5;

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

this.inputStream = input;

this.outputStream = output;

}

public void run() {

byte[] buff = new byte[1024];

int bytes;

//这里设置一个循环，让线程的不停地侦听输入

while (true) {

try {

bytes = inputStream.read(buff);

if(bytes > 0) {

String str = new String(buff, "ISO-8859-1");

str = str.substring(0, bytes);

Message msg = new Message();

msg.what = SUCCESS;

msg.obj = str;

handler.sendMessage(msg);

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

break;

}

//这个是输出到服务器的操作

public void write(byte[] bytes) {

try {

outputStream.write(bytes);

outputStream.flush();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

public void cancel() {

try {

inputStream.close();

outputStream.close();

socket.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

//下面这个是作为服务器端的侦听线程

//private class AcceptThread extend Thread{

// private final BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket;

// public AcceptThread(){

// mServerSocket = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME,MY_UUID);

// }

// public void run(){

// BluetoothSocket socket = null;

// while(true){

// socket = mServerSocket.accept();

// if(socket!=null){

// // 自定义方法

// manageConnectedSocket(socket);

// mServerSocket.close();

// break;

// }

// public void cancle(){

// mServerSocket.close();

// }

//}

}

这个是界面文件，在activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

tools:context=".MainActivity" >

<ListView

android:id="@+id/listView1"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:visibility="visible" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button1"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="断开蓝牙" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/edittext1"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="hello server" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button2"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="发送" />

<TextView

android:id="@+id/textView1"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

//这个是版本号和权限的申请。在androidManifest.xml

<uses-sdk

android:minSdkVersion="11"

android:targetSdkVersion="21" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

这个是确定模拟器的版本号，添加在project.properties文件的末尾

sdk.buildtools=24.0.0

到了代码编程的时候，没有点耐心是真的受不了了，都是一大片一大片的代码，都是精雕细琢的过程。

当然，在编译测试这个程序的时候，因为要用到蓝牙，所以必须连接真机（必须连接一部真正的手机到电脑，把程序传入手机中测试运行情况），还是出现了一点诡异的事情：我们在点击编译程序是，总是提示启动模拟器失败，但是模拟器是可以正常启动的，但是还是在编译启动模拟器时出现了错误。（后来我是这样理解的，可能是当我们手机连接电脑时，因为电脑中360手机助手的原因，导致连接手机出现了问题。而当我们在Eclipse中启动编译时，Eclipse发现电脑时有连接真机的，所以就尝试连接真机，但有连接不同，所以出现了模拟器启动失败的警告）。解决的办法是，先在拔下手机连接，再清除电脑中360手机助手的进程，让电脑接触所有连接手机的痕迹。接着启动Eclipse的编译，这时候，Eclipse发现电脑中没有连接真机，所以自然就选择启动软件模拟器进行编译。等软件模拟器打开了，程序编译成功了，这时候关掉软件模拟器，在换连接真机（把手机插入电脑，打开电脑360手机助手连接好手机），这时候重新编辑编译，Eclipse就会和真正的手机相连，并把程序发送到手机中测试运行的情况了。