java web之设计模式和案例

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-28 09:04:38 发布

tonygone

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-28 09:04:38 发布

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分类专栏： java学习文章标签： java web 开发模式

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tonygone/article/details/10307335

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JSP 两种开发模式

JSP model1 : JSP + JavaBean 组合，适合开发中小型简单应用，JSP负责业务流程控制、页面显示；JavaBean 负责数据封装和处理

JSP model2 : Servlet + JSP + JavaBean 组合，符合MVC 设计模式，适合开发业务流程复杂大型应用，JSP 只负责页面显示，JavaBean负责数据封装和处理，Servlet负责业务流程控制，JavaBean、JSP调度 --------- 分工明确，便于维护

JavaBean : 就是一个Java类，满足下面特点

1、public 无参数构造函数

2、属性必须 private

3、为属性提供public 的 getter和setter方法，方法遵循一定命名规则

属性 name ----- 方法 getName setName (属性首字母大写，在前面加上 get和set )

属性 age ----- 方法 getAge setAge (实际开发中，通过反射技术区实例化 javabean对象，调用 setter和 getter方法 )

JSP 三个操作JavaBean 的动作标签

<jsp:useBean>标签：用于在JSP页面中查找或实例化一个JavaBean组件。

<jsp:setProperty>标签：用于在JSP页面中设置一个JavaBean组件的属性。

<jsp:getProperty>标签：用于在JSP页面中获取一个JavaBean组件的属性。

<jsp:useBean id="p" class="cn.itcast.domain.Person" scope="page"></jsp:useBean>

翻译为

cn.itcast.domain.Person p = null;

      synchronized (_jspx_page_context) {

        p = (cn.itcast.domain.Person) _jspx_page_context.getAttribute("p", PageContext.PAGE_SCOPE);

        if (p == null){

          p = new cn.itcast.domain.Person();

          _jspx_page_context.setAttribute("p", p, PageContext.PAGE_SCOPE);

        }

}

在指定范围 page范围中查找 p 对象，如果存在，直接使用，不存在则创建新的Person对象，保存到page范围

<!-- 通过 setProperty 设置javabean 对象属性 -->

<jsp:setProperty property="name" name="p" value="张三"/>

<jsp:setProperty property="age" name="p" value="20"/>

 

<!-- 取出 javabean 属性 getProperty -->

<jsp:getProperty property="name" name="p"/>

<jsp:getProperty property="age" name="p"/>

<!-- 自动从请求参数中获取变量与 指定javabean对象的属性 进行匹配 赋值 --> 

<jsp:setProperty name="p" property="*" />

model1案例：简单计算器

* 精度问题 ------- java.math.BigDecimal

使用BigDecimal 计算 1/3

java.lang.ArithmeticException: Non-terminating decimal expansion; no exact representable decimal result.

divide(BigDecimal divisor, int scale, int roundingMode)

divisor 除数

scale 小数位数

roundingMode 进位规则

通过JavaScript 限制用户输入内容必须合法！

1、在form 标签内添加 onsubmit ="return validateForm()"

2、对你需要进行校验元素添加id 属性

document.getElementById 搞到元素的value

通过isNaN 判断是否为数字 is not a number 如果返回true 不是数字，false代表是数字

3、如果数据非法，return false

简单计算器jsp代码

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8" errorPage="/error.jsp"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	function validateForm() {
		var first = document.getElementsByName("firstNum")[0].value;
		var second = document.getElementsByName("secondNum")[0].value;

		if (isNaN(first)) {
			alert("输入有误,第一个数应输入一个数字!");
			return false;
		}
		if (isNaN(second)) {
			alert("输入有误,第二个数应输入一个数字!");
			return false;
		}
		return true;

	}
</script>
</head>
<body>

	<jsp:useBean id="calculator" class="com.itheima.domain.Calculator"
		scope="page"></jsp:useBean>

	<jsp:setProperty property="*" name="calculator" />
	<hr />
	计算结果为:${calculator.firstNum } ${calculator.operator }
	${calculator.secondNum } = ${calculator.result }

	<hr />


	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/calculator.jsp"
		method="post" οnsubmit="return validateForm()">
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>第一个数:</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="firstNum"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>运算符:</td>
				<td><select name="operator">
						<option value="+">+</option>
						<option value="-">-</option>
						<option value="*">*</option>
						<option value="/">/</option>
				</select></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>第二个数:</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="secondNum"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td></td>
				<td><input type="submit" value="计算"></td>
			</tr>

		</table>


	</form>

</body>
</html>

简单计算器java代码

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class Calculator {

	private String firstNum = "0";
	private String operator = "+";
	private String secondNum = "0";
	private double result;

	public String getFirstNum() {
		return firstNum;
	}

	public void setFirstNum(String firstNum) {
		this.firstNum = firstNum;
	}

	public String getOperator() {
		return operator;
	}

	public void setOperator(String operator) {
		this.operator = operator;
	}

	public String getSecondNum() {
		return secondNum;
	}

	public void setSecondNum(String secondNum) {
		this.secondNum = secondNum;
	}

	public double getResult() {

		BigDecimal num1 = new BigDecimal(firstNum);
		BigDecimal num2 = new BigDecimal(secondNum);
		if ("+".equals(operator))
			result = num1.add(num2).doubleValue();
		if ("-".equals(operator))
			result = num1.subtract(num2).doubleValue();
		if ("*".equals(operator))
			result = num1.multiply(num2).doubleValue();
		if ("/".equals(operator)) {
			if (num2.doubleValue() == 0)
				throw new RuntimeException("除数不能为零!!!");
			result = num1.divide(num2, 10, BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP)
					.doubleValue();
		}

		return result;
	}

}

JSP 模式二

* Servlet 来接收客户端请求，将请求封装java对象代码，在Servlet中编写

<jsp:setProperty property="*" name="calculator" /> 不能在Servlet代码中使用

内省： JDK提供一套用来操作JavaBean 的 API -------- 内省底层是通过反射实现的

如何识别JavaBean对象有哪些属性？

因为所有成员变量都是private，识别javabean属性不是通过成员变量，而是通过setter和getter方法

内省编程步骤

1、通过Introspector 获得 JavaBean对象 BeanInfo

BeanInfo beanInfo = Introspector.getBeanInfo(Person.class);

2、通过BeanInfo 获得JavaBean对象所有属性描述器 PropertyDescriptor

PropertyDescriptor[] propertyDescriptors = beanInfo.getPropertyDescriptors();

3、遍历每个属性描述器，可以获得属性名称 getName()

4、通过属性描述器获得属性读写方法

Method setter = propertyDescriptor.getWriteMethod();

Method getter = propertyDescriptor.getReadMethod();

* 通过内省技术实现 setProperty * 相同效果代码 ------ （问题：没有处理类型转换问题）

JSP 模式二中实现请求数据向JavaBean自动封装 ---- 不会自己写内省，使用BeanUtils (Apache commons 组件包一个开源组件) 框架来完成使用BeanUtils

1、去官网下载开发包

下载commons-beanutils 同时下载 commons-loggin

2、将两个jar包复制 WEB-INF/lib

3、编写BeanUtils 程序

BeanUtils.populate(person, parameterMap);

自定义转换器步骤

1、编写类实现Converter接口实现 convert(Class type, Object value) 方法

2、在BeanUtils.populate 封装之前，必须对转换器进行注册通过 ConvertUtils 的 register(Converter converter, Class clazz) 注册转换器

JSP model2 : Servlet + JSP + JavaBean

JSP 负责页面显示

JavaBean 负责数据封装和处理

Servlet 负责业务流程控制、JavaBean JSP调度

model2程序开发步骤

1、客户端提交请求给Servlet

2、Servlet接收数据，封装数据到JavaBean中

3、Servlet调用JavaBean处理数据，得到处理结果

4、Servlet将数据处理结果传递给JSP

5、JSP生成响应页面，返回客户端

MVC是设计模式，MVC是一种思想、程序架构思想

* 与23种常用设计模式无关

* MVC 规定整个web应用程序架构思想

MVC 将web应用中程序分为三个部分 Model、View 、Controller

Model ：模型（数据封装处理）

View：视图（web应用界面展示）

Controller：控制器（调度模型和视图，完成调度和跳转）

* 分工明确、条理清晰

JSP model2 就是符合MVC设计模式，JavaBean就是Model、JSP就是View 、Servlet就是Controller

JSP model2 综合案例：登陆和注册功能

一、注册功能：

1、一次性验证码技术

2、注册表单 JavaScript 校验

3、注册业务控制（用户名已经存在、邮箱已经存在错误信息显示）

4、将用户信息保存 xml （DOM4J）

二、登陆功能

1、登陆成功后，将用户信息保存Session中

2、在页面上通过session信息得知用户是否登陆

3、读取xml (DOM4J)

4、记住用户名和密码（Cookie） ---- 只是在form中显示已经登陆用户名和密码

* 自动登陆，不需要访问登陆页面就可以进入登陆状态 ------ 过滤器

采用MVC 设计模式

1、创建web project ： day9user

2、在工程中导入需要jar包：dom4j 、jstl 、beanutils

3、创建package目录结构

cn.itheima.user.model 模型

cn.itheima.user.view 视图

cn.itheima.user.controller 控制器

cn.itheima.user.utils 工具类

4、编写注册功能

regist.jsp 用户注册页面（form中用户名、密码、昵称、邮箱）、一次性验证码 ==== JS数据有效性校验

RegistServlet 接收regist.jsp 提交数据

封装数据到 User对象

调用UserOperation 执行 regist注册

* DOM4J 读取XML （DOM思想 ---- Document）

5、编写登陆功能

LoginServlet 接收login.jsp 提交登陆数据

封装数据到 User对象

调用 UserOperation 进行登陆查询，返回existUser对象

登陆成功 existUser保存Session中，编写用户注销功能

原理：销毁当前session对象 session.invalidate();

记住用户名和密码功能（登陆成功后）

原理：Cookie 将用户名和密码保存到cookie中

在jsp中通过设置input 默认value ----- ${cookie.name.value }

案例代码:

java代码

com.itheima.controller包:

package com.itheima.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;

import com.itheima.model.User;
import com.itheima.model.UserOperation;

public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		String checkcode = request.getParameter("checkcode");
		String checkcode_session = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute(
				"checkcode_session");
		if (checkcode == null || !checkcode.equals(checkcode_session)) {
			request.setAttribute("message", "验证码错误,请重新输入!");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request,
					response);
			return;
		}
		User user = new User();
		try {
			BeanUtils.populate(user, request.getParameterMap());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		UserOperation userOperation = new UserOperation();

		int feedback = userOperation.register(user);
		switch (feedback) {
		case UserOperation.USERNAMEEXIST:
			request.setAttribute("message", "用户名已存在,请重新输入!");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request,
					response);
			break;
		case UserOperation.EMAILEXIST:
			request.setAttribute("message", "邮箱已存在,请重新输入!");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request,
					response);
			break;
		case UserOperation.SUCCESS:
			response.sendRedirect("/day07test_user/login.jsp");
			break;

		default:
			break;
		}

	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		doGet(request, response);

	}

}

package com.itheima.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;

import com.itheima.model.User;
import com.itheima.model.UserOperation;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

		User user = new User();
		try {
			BeanUtils.populate(user, request.getParameterMap());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		UserOperation userOperation = new UserOperation();

		User existuser = userOperation.login(user);
		if (existuser == null) {
			request.setAttribute("message", "用户名或密码错误!");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,
					response);
		} else {
			request.getSession().setAttribute("user", existuser);
			if ("on".equals(request.getParameter("remember"))) {
				Cookie usernameCookie = new Cookie("username",
						existuser.getUsername());

				usernameCookie.setMaxAge(60 * 60 * 24);
				usernameCookie.setPath("/");
				response.addCookie(usernameCookie);

				Cookie passwordCookie = new Cookie("password",
						existuser.getPassword());
				passwordCookie.setMaxAge(60 * 60 * 24);
				passwordCookie.setPath("/");
				response.addCookie(passwordCookie);
			}

			response.sendRedirect("/day07test_user/index.jsp");
		}

	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		doGet(request, response);

	}

}

注销

package com.itheima.controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class LogoutServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		if (session != null) {
			session.removeAttribute("user");
		}

		response.sendRedirect("/day07test_user/index.jsp");
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		doGet(request, response);

	}

}

com.itheima.model包:

user实体

package com.itheima.model;

public class User {
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public String getNickname() {
		return nickname;
	}

	public void setNickname(String nickname) {
		this.nickname = nickname;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	private String username;
	private String password;
	private String nickname;
	private String email;

}

实体操作类

package com.itheima.model;

import java.util.List;

import com.itheima.utils.XMLUtils;

public class UserOperation {

	public static final int USERNAMEEXIST = 1;
	public static final int EMAILEXIST = 2;
	public static final int SUCCESS = 3;

	public int register(User user) {
		List<User> users = XMLUtils.getUsers();
		if (users == null) {
			XMLUtils.addUser(user);
			return SUCCESS;
		}
		for (User existUser : users) {
			if (existUser.getUsername().equals(user.getUsername()))
				return USERNAMEEXIST;
		}

		for (User existUser : users) {
			if (existUser.getEmail().equals(user.getEmail()))
				return EMAILEXIST;
		}
		XMLUtils.addUser(user);
		return SUCCESS;
	}

	public User login(User user) {

		List<User> users = XMLUtils.getUsers();
		if (users == null)
			return null;
		for (User existUser : users) {
			if (existUser.getUsername().equals(user.getUsername())
					&& existUser.getPassword().equals(user.getPassword()))
				return existUser;
		}

		return null;
	}
}

com.itheima.view包:

验证码

package com.itheima.view;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CheckImageServlet extends HttpServlet {

	private final int WIDTH = 120;
	private final int HIGH = 30;

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setHeader("cache-control", "no-chahe");
		response.setHeader("pragma", "no-chahe");
		response.setDateHeader("expires", -1);

		// 1. 在内存中构建出一个图片(BufferedImage)
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, HIGH,
				BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

		// 2. 获取图片的Graphics
		Graphics2D graphics = image.createGraphics();
		// Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();

		// 3. 通过Graphics设置背景颜色
		graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
		graphics.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HIGH);

		// 4. 画矩形设置图片边框
		graphics.setColor(Color.GRAY);
		graphics.drawRect(0, 0, WIDTH - 1, HIGH - 1);

		// 5. 准备好要使用的汉字
		// String base = "ABCDEFGHIGKLMN";
		String base = "\u7684\u4e00\u4e86\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u6765\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e0a\u7740\u4e2a\u5730\u5230\u5927\u91cc\u8bf4\u5c31\u53bb\u5b50\u5f97\u4e5f\u548c\u90a3\u8981\u4e0b\u770b\u5929\u65f6\u8fc7\u51fa\u5c0f\u4e48\u8d77\u4f60\u90fd\u628a\u597d\u8fd8\u591a\u6ca1\u4e3a\u53c8\u53ef\u5bb6\u5b66\u53ea\u4ee5\u4e3b\u4f1a\u6837\u5e74\u60f3\u751f\u540c\u8001\u4e2d\u5341\u4ece\u81ea\u9762\u524d\u5934\u9053\u5b83\u540e\u7136\u8d70\u5f88\u50cf\u89c1\u4e24\u7528\u5979\u56fd\u52a8\u8fdb\u6210\u56de\u4ec0\u8fb9\u4f5c\u5bf9\u5f00\u800c\u5df1\u4e9b\u73b0\u5c71\u6c11\u5019\u7ecf\u53d1\u5de5\u5411\u4e8b\u547d\u7ed9\u957f\u6c34\u51e0\u4e49\u4e09\u58f0\u4e8e\u9ad8\u624b\u77e5\u7406\u773c\u5fd7\u70b9\u5fc3\u6218\u4e8c\u95ee\u4f46\u8eab\u65b9\u5b9e\u5403\u505a\u53eb\u5f53\u4f4f\u542c\u9769\u6253\u5462\u771f\u5168\u624d\u56db\u5df2\u6240\u654c\u4e4b\u6700\u5149\u4ea7\u60c5\u8def\u5206\u603b\u6761\u767d\u8bdd\u4e1c\u5e2d\u6b21\u4eb2\u5982\u88ab\u82b1\u53e3\u653e\u513f\u5e38\u6c14\u4e94\u7b2c\u4f7f\u5199\u519b\u5427\u6587\u8fd0\u518d\u679c\u600e\u5b9a\u8bb8\u5feb\u660e\u884c\u56e0\u522b\u98de\u5916\u6811\u7269\u6d3b\u90e8\u95e8\u65e0\u5f80\u8239\u671b\u65b0\u5e26\u961f\u5148\u529b\u5b8c\u5374\u7ad9\u4ee3\u5458\u673a\u66f4\u4e5d\u60a8\u6bcf\u98ce\u7ea7\u8ddf\u7b11\u554a\u5b69\u4e07\u5c11\u76f4\u610f\u591c\u6bd4\u9636\u8fde\u8f66\u91cd\u4fbf\u6597\u9a6c\u54ea\u5316\u592a\u6307\u53d8\u793e\u4f3c\u58eb\u8005\u5e72\u77f3\u6ee1\u65e5\u51b3\u767e\u539f\u62ff\u7fa4\u7a76\u5404\u516d\u672c\u601d\u89e3\u7acb\u6cb3\u6751\u516b\u96be\u65e9\u8bba\u5417\u6839\u5171\u8ba9\u76f8\u7814\u4eca\u5176\u4e66\u5750\u63a5\u5e94\u5173\u4fe1\u89c9\u6b65\u53cd\u5904\u8bb0\u5c06\u5343\u627e\u4e89\u9886\u6216\u5e08\u7ed3\u5757\u8dd1\u8c01\u8349\u8d8a\u5b57\u52a0\u811a\u7d27\u7231\u7b49\u4e60\u9635\u6015\u6708\u9752\u534a\u706b\u6cd5\u9898\u5efa\u8d76\u4f4d\u5531\u6d77\u4e03\u5973\u4efb\u4ef6\u611f\u51c6\u5f20\u56e2\u5c4b\u79bb\u8272\u8138\u7247\u79d1\u5012\u775b\u5229\u4e16\u521a\u4e14\u7531\u9001\u5207\u661f\u5bfc\u665a\u8868\u591f\u6574\u8ba4\u54cd\u96ea\u6d41\u672a\u573a\u8be5\u5e76\u5e95\u6df1\u523b\u5e73\u4f1f\u5fd9\u63d0\u786e\u8fd1\u4eae\u8f7b\u8bb2\u519c\u53e4\u9ed1\u544a\u754c\u62c9\u540d\u5440\u571f\u6e05\u9633\u7167\u529e\u53f2\u6539\u5386\u8f6c\u753b\u9020\u5634\u6b64\u6cbb\u5317\u5fc5\u670d\u96e8\u7a7f\u5185\u8bc6\u9a8c\u4f20\u4e1a\u83dc\u722c\u7761\u5174\u5f62\u91cf\u54b1\u89c2\u82e6\u4f53\u4f17\u901a\u51b2\u5408\u7834\u53cb\u5ea6\u672f\u996d\u516c\u65c1\u623f\u6781\u5357\u67aa\u8bfb\u6c99\u5c81\u7ebf\u91ce\u575a\u7a7a\u6536\u7b97\u81f3\u653f\u57ce\u52b3\u843d\u94b1\u7279\u56f4\u5f1f\u80dc\u6559\u70ed\u5c55\u5305\u6b4c\u7c7b\u6e10\u5f3a\u6570\u4e61\u547c\u6027\u97f3\u7b54\u54e5\u9645\u65e7\u795e\u5ea7\u7ae0\u5e2e\u5566\u53d7\u7cfb\u4ee4\u8df3\u975e\u4f55\u725b\u53d6\u5165\u5cb8\u6562\u6389\u5ffd\u79cd\u88c5\u9876\u6025\u6797\u505c\u606f\u53e5\u533a\u8863\u822c\u62a5\u53f6\u538b\u6162\u53d4\u80cc\u7ec6";

		// 6. 随机获取汉字并画入图片调用graphics的rotate方法旋转汉字,drawSring方法写入汉字
		Random random = new Random();
		graphics.setColor(Color.RED);
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		graphics.setFont(new Font("楷体", Font.BOLD, 18));
		int x = 15;
		int y = 15;
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			String temp = base.charAt(random.nextInt(base.length())) + "";

			Double theta = (random.nextInt(60) - 30) * Math.PI / 180;

			graphics.rotate(theta, x, y);
			graphics.drawString(temp, x, y + 5);
			sb.append(temp);
			graphics.rotate(-theta, x, y);

			x += 25;
		}

		// 7. 画线 两点确定一条线
		graphics.setColor(Color.GREEN);
		for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
			int x1 = random.nextInt(WIDTH);
			int x2 = random.nextInt(WIDTH);
			int y1 = random.nextInt(HIGH);
			int y2 = random.nextInt(HIGH);
			graphics.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
		}

		request.getSession().setAttribute("checkcode_session", sb.toString());

		// 8. 释放 graphics 对象, 调用 该方法之后 graphic 就不能再使用了 .
		graphics.dispose();

		// 9. 通过该 imageIO 将 内存中构建好的 图片 与 response的流 给 关联起来.
		ImageIO.write(image, "png", response.getOutputStream());

	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);

	}

}

com.itheima.utils包:

工具类

package com.itheima.utils;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

import com.itheima.model.User;

public class XMLUtils {

	public static Document getDocument(String path) throws DocumentException {
		return new SAXReader().read(path);
	}

	public static boolean write2XML(Document document, String path)
			throws IOException {
		OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
		format.setEncoding("utf-8");

		XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(path), format);
		writer.write(document);
		writer.close();

		return false;
	}

	public static List<User> getUsers() {
		List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
		Document document = null;
		try {
			document = getDocument("e:\\user.xml");
		} catch (DocumentException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		Element rootEle = document.getRootElement();

		List<Element> userEle = rootEle.elements("user");
		for (Element element : userEle) {
			String username = element.elementText("username");
			String password = element.elementText("password");
			String nickname = element.elementText("nickname");
			String email = element.elementText("email");
			User user = new User();
			user.setUsername(username);
			user.setPassword(password);
			user.setNickname(nickname);
			user.setEmail(email);
			users.add(user);
		}

		return users;
	}

	public static boolean addUser(User user) {
		String path = "e:\\user.xml";
		Document document = null;
		try {
			document = getDocument(path);
		} catch (DocumentException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		Element rootEle = document.getRootElement();

		Element userEle = DocumentHelper.createElement("user");

		Element usernameEle = DocumentHelper.createElement("username");
		usernameEle.setText(user.getUsername());

		Element passwordEle = DocumentHelper.createElement("password");
		passwordEle.setText(user.getPassword());

		Element nicknameEle = DocumentHelper.createElement("nickname");
		nicknameEle.setText(user.getNickname());

		Element emailEle = DocumentHelper.createElement("email");
		emailEle.setText(user.getEmail());

		userEle.add(usernameEle);
		userEle.add(passwordEle);
		userEle.add(nicknameEle);
		userEle.add(emailEle);

		rootEle.add(userEle);

		try {
			write2XML(document, path);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return false;
	}
}

jsp代码
注册

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	function change(t) {
		t.src = "${pageContext.servletContext.contextPath}/image?"
				+ new Date().getTime();
	}

	function validate() {
		var username = document.getElementsByName("username")[0].value;
		var password = document.getElementsByName("password")[0].value;
		var repassword = document.getElementsByName("repassword")[0].value;
		var email = document.getElementsByName("email")[0].value;

		if (username == "") {
			alert("用户名不能为空!");
			return false;
		}
		if (password == "") {
			alert("密码不能为空!");
			return false;
		}
		if (password != repassword) {
			alert("两次密码输入不一致!");
			return false;
		}
		if (email
				.match("^\\s*\\w+(?:\\.{0,1}[\\w-]+)*@[a-zA-Z0-9]+(?:[-.][a-zA-Z0-9]+)*\\.[a-zA-Z]+\\s*$") == null) {
			alert("邮箱格式不正确!");
			return false;
		}

	}
</script>
</head>
<body style="text-align: center;">
	<h3>用户注册</h3>
	<form action="${pageContext.servletContext.contextPath}/register"
		οnsubmit="return validate();" method="post">
		<hr width="25%" />
		${message }
		<table border="1" align="center" style="text-align:inherit;">
			<tr>
				<td>用户名</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>密码</td>
				<td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>确认密码</td>
				<td><input type="password" name="repassword"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>昵称</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="nickname"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>邮箱</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="email"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>验证码</td>
				<td><img src="${pageContext.servletContext.contextPath}/image"
					οnclick="change(this);" style="cursor: pointer;"><br /> <input
					type="text" name="checkcode"></td>
			</tr>
		</table>
		<hr width="30%" />
		<input type="submit" value="注册"> <input type="reset"
			value="重置">

	</form>

</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body style="text-align: center;">
	<h3>用户登录</h3>
	<hr width="25%" />
	${message }
	<form action="${pageContext.servletContext.contextPath}/login"
		method="post">
		<table border="1" align="center" style="text-align:inherit;">
			<tr>
				<td>用户名</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="username"
					value="${cookie.username.value}"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>密码</td>
				<td><input type="password" name="password"
					value="${cookie.password.value}"></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td></td>
				<td><input type="checkbox" name="remember">记住密码</td>
			</tr>
		</table>
		<hr width="30%" />
		<input type="submit" value="提交"> <input type=button
			οnclick="window.location.href('${pageContext.servletContext.contextPath}/register.jsp')"
			value="注册">

	</form>

</body>
</html>

主页

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>主页</title>
</head>
<body>
	<c:if test="${empty user}">
	您还没有登录,<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/login.jsp">登录</a>   
		<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/register.jsp">注册</a>
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${not empty user }">
	欢迎您,${user.nickname }    邮箱: ${user.email }   <a
			href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/logout">注销</a>


	</c:if>

</body>
</html>