Android WebView实现文件下载和查看

本文系转载，原文地址：http://gundumw100.iteye.com/blog/1338645

WebView控制调用相应的WEB页面进行展示。当碰到页面有下载链接的时候，点击上去是一点反应都没有的。原来是因为WebView默认没有开启文件下载的功能，如果要实现文件下载的功能，需要设置WebView的DownloadListener，通过实现自己的DownloadListener来实现文件的下载。具体操作如下：

1、设置WebView的DownloadListener：
webView.setDownloadListener(new MyWebViewDownLoadListener());

2、实现MyWebViewDownLoadListener这个类，具体可以如下这样：

private class MyWebViewDownLoadListener implements DownloadListener{

        @Override
        public void onDownloadStart(String url, String userAgent, String contentDisposition, String mimetype,
                                    long contentLength) {           
            Log.i("tag", "url="+url);           
            Log.i("tag", "userAgent="+userAgent);
            Log.i("tag", "contentDisposition="+contentDisposition);         
            Log.i("tag", "mimetype="+mimetype);
            Log.i("tag", "contentLength="+contentLength);
            Uri uri = Uri.parse(url);
            Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
            startActivity(intent);           
        }
    }

这只是调用系统中已经内置的浏览器进行下载，还没有WebView本身进行的文件下载，不过，这也基本上满足我们的应用场景了。

我在项目中的运用
项目要求这样：
1，需要使用WebView加载一个网页；
2，网页中有文件下载的链接，点击后需要下载文件到SDcard；
3，然后自动打开文件；
下面是具体解决办法
第一步，对WebView进行一系列设置。

WebView webview=(WebView)layout.findViewById(R.id.webview);
                webview.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
                webview.setWebChromeClient(new MyWebChromeClient());
                webview.requestFocus();
//              webview.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/risktest.html");
                webview.loadUrl(jcrs_sub.get(position).addr);
                // 设置web视图客户端
                webview.setWebViewClient(new MyWebViewClient());
                webview.setDownloadListener(new MyWebViewDownLoadListener());

//内部类
public class MyWebViewClient extends WebViewClient {
        // 如果页面中链接，如果希望点击链接继续在当前browser中响应，
        // 而不是新开Android的系统browser中响应该链接，必须覆盖 webview的WebViewClient对象。
        public boolean shouldOverviewUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
            L.i("shouldOverviewUrlLoading");
            view.loadUrl(url);
            return true;
        }

        public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) {
            L.i("onPageStarted");
            showProgress();
        }

        public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) {
            L.i("onPageFinished");
            closeProgress();
        }

        public void onReceivedError(WebView view, int errorCode,
                String description, String failingUrl) {
            L.i("onReceivedError");
            closeProgress();
        }
    }

// 如果不做任何处理，浏览网页，点击系统“Back”键，整个Browser会调用finish()而结束自身，
    // 如果希望浏览的网 页回退而不是推出浏览器，需要在当前Activity中处理并消费掉该Back事件。
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        // if((keyCode==KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK)&&webview.canGoBack()){
        // webview.goBack();
        // return true;
        // }
        return false;
    }

第二步，起线程开始下载文件。

//内部类
private class MyWebViewDownLoadListener implements DownloadListener {

        @Override
        public void onDownloadStart(String url, String userAgent, String contentDisposition, String mimetype,
                                    long contentLength) {
            if(!Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
                Toast t=Toast.makeText(mContext, "需要SD卡。", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
                t.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, 0, 0);
                t.show();
                return;
            }
            DownloaderTask task=new DownloaderTask();
            task.execute(url);
        }

    }
    //内部类
    private class DownloaderTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> { 

        public DownloaderTask() { 
        }

        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            String url=params[0];
//          Log.i("tag", "url="+url);
            String fileName=url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/")+1);
            fileName=URLDecoder.decode(fileName);
            Log.i("tag", "fileName="+fileName);

            File directory=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
            File file=new File(directory,fileName);
            if(file.exists()){
                Log.i("tag", "The file has already exists.");
                return fileName;
            }
            try {  
                HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();  
//                client.getParams().setIntParameter("http.socket.timeout",3000);//设置超时
                HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);  
                HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
                if(HttpStatus.SC_OK==response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()){
                    HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                    InputStream input = entity.getContent();

                    writeToSDCard(fileName,input);

                    input.close();
//                  entity.consumeContent();
                    return fileName;  
                }else{
                    return null;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();
                return null;
            }
        }

        @Override
        protected void onCancelled() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onCancelled();
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onPostExecute(result);
            closeProgressDialog();
            if(result==null){
                Toast t=Toast.makeText(mContext, "连接错误！请稍后再试！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
                t.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, 0, 0);
                t.show();
                return;
            }

            Toast t=Toast.makeText(mContext, "已保存到SD卡。", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
            t.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, 0, 0);
            t.show();
            File directory=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
            File file=new File(directory,result);
            Log.i("tag", "Path="+file.getAbsolutePath());

            Intent intent = getFileIntent(file);

            startActivity(intent);

        }

        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onPreExecute();
            showProgressDialog();
        }

        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onProgressUpdate(values);
        } 


    } 

第三步，实现一些工具方法。

private ProgressDialog mDialog;
    private void showProgressDialog(){
        if(mDialog==null){
            mDialog = new ProgressDialog(mContext);  
            mDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_SPINNER);//设置风格为圆形进度条  
            mDialog.setMessage("正在加载 ，请等待...");  
            mDialog.setIndeterminate(false);//设置进度条是否为不明确  
            mDialog.setCancelable(true);//设置进度条是否可以按退回键取消  
            mDialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false);
            mDialog.setOnDismissListener(new OnDismissListener() {

                @Override
                public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    mDialog=null;
                }
            });
            mDialog.show();

        }
    }
    private void closeProgressDialog(){
        if(mDialog!=null){
            mDialog.dismiss();
            mDialog=null;
        }
    }
     public Intent getFileIntent(File file){
//       Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://m.ql18.com.cn/hpf10/1.pdf");
        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
        String type = getMIMEType(file);
        Log.i("tag", "type="+type);
        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, type);
        return intent;
      }

    public void writeToSDCard(String fileName,InputStream input){

        if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
            File directory=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
            File file=new File(directory,fileName);
//          if(file.exists()){
//              Log.i("tag", "The file has already exists.");
//              return;
//          }
            try {
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
                byte[] b = new byte[2048];
                int j = 0;
                while ((j = input.read(b)) != -1) {
                    fos.write(b, 0, j);
                }
                fos.flush();
                fos.close();
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }else{
            Log.i("tag", "NO SDCard.");
        }
    }

    private String getMIMEType(File f){   
      String type="";  
      String fName=f.getName();  
      /* 取得扩展名 */  
      String end=fName.substring(fName.lastIndexOf(".")+1,fName.length()).toLowerCase();

      /* 依扩展名的类型决定MimeType */
      if(end.equals("pdf")){
          type = "application/pdf";//
      }
      else if(end.equals("m4a")||end.equals("mp3")||end.equals("mid")||  
      end.equals("xmf")||end.equals("ogg")||end.equals("wav")){  
        type = "audio/*";   
      }  
      else if(end.equals("3gp")||end.equals("mp4")){  
        type = "video/*";  
      }  
      else if(end.equals("jpg")||end.equals("gif")||end.equals("png")||  
      end.equals("jpeg")||end.equals("bmp")){  
        type = "image/*";  
      }  
      else if(end.equals("apk")){   
        /* android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES */   
        type = "application/vnd.android.package-archive"; 
      }
//      else if(end.equals("pptx")||end.equals("ppt")){
//        type = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"; 
//      }else if(end.equals("docx")||end.equals("doc")){
//        type = "application/vnd.ms-word";
//      }else if(end.equals("xlsx")||end.equals("xls")){
//        type = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
//      }
      else{
//        /*如果无法直接打开，就跳出软件列表给用户选择 */  
        type="*/*";
      }
      return type;
    }   

over.