Android: thread & handler

Android UI操作并不是线程安全的, UI操作必须在UI线程中执行，也就是说你不能在自己另起的一个thread里进行UI操作。

举个例子，下列代码是希望在自定义的thread中修改Activity里的button name。

ThreadHandlerDemoActivity.java

public class ThreadHandlerDemoActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);


((Button) findViewById(R.id.button1))
.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
new MyThread(ThreadHandlerDemoActivity.this).start();
}
});
    }
    
    public void changeButtonText(){
    ((Button) findViewById(R.id.button1)).setText("aaa");
    }
}

MyThread.java

public class MyThread extends Thread {
ThreadHandlerDemoActivity mainActivity;

public MyThread(ThreadHandlerDemoActivity mainActivity) {
this.mainActivity = mainActivity;
}

public void run() {
mainActivity.changeButtonText();
}
}

当你执行上面程序时，会抛出下列exception

$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.

这是因为你在非UI线程里试图进行UI操作。

有时你还可能在非UI线程里试图进行UI操作时抛出下列exception

java.lang.RuntimeException: Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()

其中一个解决方法就是使用Handler。见下列代码

ThreadHandlerDemoActivity.java

public class ThreadHandlerDemoActivity extends Activity {
Handler handler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage (Message msg) {
changeButtonText();
}
};


@Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);


((Button) findViewById(R.id.button1))
.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
new MyThread(handler).start();
}
});
    }
    
    public void changeButtonText(){
    ((Button) findViewById(R.id.button1)).setText("aaa");
    }
}

MyThread.java

public class MyThread extends Thread {
Handler handler;

public MyThread (Handler handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}


public void run() {
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = 1;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}

通过handler来进行UI操作则不会抛出exception.