一、Web项目,非Spring
1.需求:很多时候,在一个 web 项目启动的时候,我们都要【初始化很多系统参数,比如读取配置文件】,或者初始化数据库表...
2.解决方法:实现【 ServletContextListener】 接口
2.1.把实现了ServletContextListener 的类配置到【 web.xml】 文件中
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="2.5"
- xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
- <display-name></display-name>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>com.chinaso.init.StartInit</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <filter>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <filter-class>
- org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
- </filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- </web-app>
2.2.加入自己的实现逻辑
- public class StartInit implements ServletContextListener {
- static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StartInit.class);
- // 系统初始化执行方法
- public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent e) {
- logger.info("系统停止...");
- }
- public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent e) {
- logger.info("系统初始化开始...");
- // 获取项目根目录
- String root_path = e.getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
- logger.info("application path : {}",root_path);
- // 初始化 ConfigFactorty
- ConfigFactory.init(root_path);
- // 初始化数据链接信息
- DBManager.init();
- // 初始化定时统计任务
- TaskManager.init();
- // 初始化用户信息查询位置
- UserInfo.init();
- logger.info("系统初始化结束...");
- }
- }
作者:菩提树下的杨过
出处:http://yjmyzz.cnblogs.com
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Asp.Net的应用中通过根目录下的Global.asax,在Application_Start方法中做一些初始化操作,比如:预先加载缓存项对网站热点数据进行预热,获取一些远程的配置信息等等。
二、Spring项目
Spring-MVC的应用中,要实现类似的功能,主要是通过实现下面这些接口(任选一,至少一个即可)
1、ApplicationContextAware接口
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package
org.springframework.context;
import
org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.Aware;
import
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
public
interface
ApplicationContextAware
extends
Aware {
void
setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext var1)
throws
BeansException;
}
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2、ServletContextAware 接口
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package
org.springframework.web.context;
import
javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.Aware;
public
interface
ServletContextAware
extends
Aware {
void
setServletContext(ServletContext var1);
}
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3、InitializingBean 接口
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package
org.springframework.beans.factory;
public
interface
InitializingBean {
void
afterPropertiesSet()
throws
Exception;
}
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4、ApplicationListener<ApplicationEvent> 接口
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package
org.springframework.context;
import
java.util.EventListener;
import
org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
public
interface
ApplicationListener<E
extends
ApplicationEvent>
extends
EventListener {
void
onApplicationEvent(E var1);
}
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示例程序:
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package
test.web.listener;
import
org.apache.logging.log4j.*;
import
org.springframework.beans.*;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import
org.springframework.context.*;
import
org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import
org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware;
import
javax.servlet.ServletContext;
@Component
public
class
StartupListener
implements
ApplicationContextAware, ServletContextAware,
InitializingBean, ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent> {
protected
Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger();
@Override
public
void
setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext ctx)
throws
BeansException {
logger.info(
"1 => StartupListener.setApplicationContext"
);
}
@Override
public
void
setServletContext(ServletContext context) {
logger.info(
"2 => StartupListener.setServletContext"
);
}
@Override
public
void
afterPropertiesSet()
throws
Exception {
logger.info(
"3 => StartupListener.afterPropertiesSet"
);
}
@Override
public
void
onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent evt) {
logger.info(
"4.1 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent"
);
if
(evt.getApplicationContext().getParent() ==
null
) {
logger.info(
"4.2 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent"
);
}
}
}
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运行时,输出的顺序如下:
1 => StartupListener.setApplicationContext
2 => StartupListener.setServletContext
3 => StartupListener.afterPropertiesSet
4.1 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent
4.2 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent
4.1 => MyApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent
注意:onApplicationEvent方法会触发多次,初始化这种事情,越早越好,建议在setApplicationContext方法中处理。