Python SMTP发送邮件

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-06 08:09:54 发布

背着贝壳去徒步

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-06 08:09:54 发布

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文章标签： SMTP python

一、准备

1、知识准备

python对SMTP支持有smtplib和email两个模块，email负责构造邮件，smtplib负责发送邮件。

2、smtplib用到的方法

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1 #coding=utf-8
2 import smtplib #引入包
3
4
5 smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP() #创建对象
6 smtpObj.connect() #连接smtp服务器
7 smtpObj.login() #登录邮箱
8 smtpObj.sendmail() #发送邮件
9 smtpObj.quit() #退出
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3、email用到的模块和方法

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from email.mime.text import MIMEText #格式化文本
from email.header import Header #格式化邮件头
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart #带附件的邮件
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage #带图片的邮件

msg=MIMEText() #使用MIMEText()将发送的消息标准化

#标准邮件需要三个头部信息： From, To, 和 Subject。
msg[‘From’]=‘xxx’ #必须定义
msg[‘To’]=‘xxx’ #可以不定义
msg[‘Subject’]=Header()#使用Header()将发送的消息主题标准化

msg=MIMEMultipart()#构造MIMEMultipart对象，用以发送带附件的邮件
msg.attach() #附件

msg=MIMEImage()
msg.add_header()
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二、七种邮件内容发送方法实例

1、文件形式的邮件

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1 #coding=utf-8
2 import smtplib
3 from email.mime.text import MIMEText
4 from email.header import Header
5
6 sender = ‘xxx@163.com’ #定义发送邮箱地址
7 receiver = ‘xxx@qq.com’ #定义接收邮箱地址
8 subject = ‘这是邮件主题’ #定义邮件主题
9 content = ‘这是邮件内容’
10 smtpserver = ‘smtp.163.com’ #定义邮箱服务器
11 username = ‘xxx@163.com’ #定义登录邮箱账户
12 password = ‘****’ #定义登录邮箱密码
13
14 msg = MIMEText(content,‘plain’,‘utf-8’ )#第二个参数使用’plain’,如果使用’text’发送内容为空，不知道为什么
15 msg[‘From’]=sender #一定要指定’From’属性，否则会报554
16 msg[‘To’]=receiver #多个邮件接收人时，如果报错，可以不指定
17 msg[‘Subject’] = Header(subject, ‘utf-8’)
18
19 #发送邮件
20 if name==‘main’:
21 smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
22 smtp.connect(‘smtp.163.com’)
23 smtp.login(username, password)
24 smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
25 smtp.quit()
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2、HTML形式的邮件

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1 #coding: utf-8
2 import smtplib
3 from email.mime.text import MIMEText
4
5 #定义收发邮件的邮箱地址
6 sender = ‘xxx@163.com’
7 receiver = ‘xxx@qq.com’
8 #定义邮件主题和正文
9 subject = ‘这是邮件主题’
10 content = ‘

这是html格式的邮件内容

’

11 #定义邮箱服务器和邮箱账户

12 smtpserver = ‘smtp.163.com’

13 username = ‘xxx@163.com’

14 password = ‘****’

15

16 #参数’html’指定邮件内容格式

17 msg = MIMEText(content,‘html’,‘utf-8’)

18

19 #标准邮件三大构成

20 msg[‘Subject’] = subject

21 msg[‘From’] = sender

22 msg[‘To’] = receiver

23

24

25 if name==‘main’:

26     smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

27     smtp.connect(‘smtp.163.com’)

28     smtp.login(username, password)

29     smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())

30     smtp.quit()

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3、带图片的HTML邮件

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1 #coding: utf-8
2 import smtplib
3 from email.mime.text import MIMEText
4 from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
5 from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
6
7 #定义收发邮件的邮箱地址
8 sender = ‘xxxx@163.com’
9 receiver = ‘xxxx@qq.com’
10 #定义邮件主题和正文
11 subject = ‘这是邮件主题’
12 # 通过cid将图片文件关联起来
13 content =‘Some HTML text and an image.

good!’
14 #定义邮箱服务器和邮箱账户
15 smtpserver = ‘smtp.163.com’
16 username = ‘xxxx@163.com’
17 password = ‘****’
18
19 #如果存在内嵌资源，至少要定义multipart/related段。本例中html内嵌图片资源，所以使用related
20 msgRoot = MIMEMultipart(‘related’)
21 msgRoot[‘Subject’] = subject
22
23 msgText = MIMEText(content,‘html’,‘utf-8’)
24 msgRoot.attach(msgText) #关联邮件内容
25
26 #获取并读取图片文件
27 fp = open(‘D:\Hydrangeas.jpg’, ‘rb’)
28 msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
29 fp.close()
30
31 msgImage.add_header(‘Content-ID’, ‘image1’)
32 msgRoot.attach(msgImage) #关联图片资源
33
34
35 if name==‘main’:
36 smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
37 smtp.connect(‘smtp.163.com’)
38 smtp.login(username, password)
39 smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())
40 smtp.quit()
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4、带附件的邮件

这是一封带附件的邮件

’
13 #定义邮箱服务器和邮箱账户
14 smtpserver = ‘ smtp.163.com’
15 username = ‘xxxxx@163.com’
16 password =’ ****’
17
18 #定义邮件三大主题
19 #如果一封邮件中含有附件，那邮件的Content-Type域中必须定义multipart/mixed类型
20 msgRoot = MIMEMultipart(‘mixed’)
21 msgRoot[‘Subject’] = subject
22 msgRoot[‘From’] = sender
23 msgRoot[‘To’] = receiver
24
25
26 #构造邮件正文
27 msgText = MIMEText(content,‘html’,‘utf-8’)
28 msgRoot.attach(msgText)
29
30 #构造附件
31 fp = open(‘d:\Hydrangeas.jpg’,‘rb’)
32 msgAtt = MIMEText(fp.read(),‘base64’,‘utf-8’)
33 msgAtt[“Content-Type”] = ‘application/octet-stream’
34 msgAtt[“Content-Disposition”] = ‘attachment; filename=“Hydrangeas.jpg”’
35 msgRoot.attach(msgAtt)
36
37
38 if name==‘ main’:
39 smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
40 smtp.connect(‘ smtp.163.com’)
41 smtp.login(username, password)
42 smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())
43 smtp.quit()
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5、群发邮件

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#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

#定义收发邮件的邮箱地址
sender = ‘xxxx@163.com’
#将多个收件人放到数组中
receiver = [‘1111@qq.com’,‘2222@sina.com’,‘3333@126.com’]
#定义邮件主题和正文
subject = ‘这是邮件主题’
content =‘

这是一封群发邮件

’
#定义邮箱服务器和邮箱账户
smtpserver = ‘ smtp.163.com’
username = ‘xxxxx@163.com’
password = ‘****’

#定义邮件三大主题
msg = MIMEText(content,‘html’,‘utf-8’)
msg[‘Subject’] = subject
msg[‘From’] = sender

实践发现需要将msg[‘To’] = receiver修改为以下形式

msg[“To”] = “,”.join(receiver)

if name==‘main’:
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect(‘smtp.163.com’)
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
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6、各种元素都包含的邮件

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage

sender = ‘xxxx@163.com’
receiver = ‘xxxx@126.com’
subject = ‘这是邮件主题’
smtpserver = ‘smtp.163.com’
username = ‘xxxx@163.com’
password = ‘****’

Create message container - the correct MIME type is multipart/alternative.

msg = MIMEMultipart(‘alternative’)
msg[‘Subject’] = subject
msg[‘From’] = sender
msg[‘To’] = receiver

Create the body of the message (a plain-text and an HTML version).

text = “Hi!\nHow are you?\nHere is the link you wanted:\nhttp://www.python.org”
html = “”"\

Hi!
How are you?
Here is the link you wanted.

"""

Record the MIME types of both parts - text/plain and text/html.

part1 = MIMEText(text, ‘plain’)
part2 = MIMEText(html, ‘html’)

Attach parts into message container.

According to RFC 2046, the last part of a multipart message, in this case

the HTML message, is best and preferred.

msg.attach(part1)
msg.attach(part2)

#构造附件
att = MIMEText(open(‘h:\python\1.jpg’, ‘rb’).read(), ‘base64’, ‘utf-8’)
att[“Content-Type”] = ‘application/octet-stream’
att[“Content-Disposition”] = ‘attachment; filename=“1.jpg”’
msg.attach(att)

if name==‘main’:
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect(‘smtp.163.com’)
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

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Python SMTP发送邮件

一、准备1、知识准备python对SMTP支持有smtplib和email两个模块，email负责构造邮件，smtplib负责发送邮件。2、smtplib用到的方法复制代码1 #coding=utf-82 import smtplib #引入包345 smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP() #创建对象6 smtpObj.connect() #连接smtp服务器7 s...
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