程序代码:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex( )//定义默认构造函数初始化复数
{
real=0;
imag=0;
}
//使用初始化表初始化复数
Complex(double r, double i):real(r),imag(i){}
Complex operator+(Complex &c2);//复数的加法
Complex operator-(Complex &c2);//复数的减法
Complex operator*(Complex &c2);//复数的乘法
Complex operator/(Complex &c2);//复数的除法
//重载<<运算符实现输出复数
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream& output, Complex& c);
//重载>>运算符实现输入复数
friend istream& operator >>(istream& input, Complex& c);
private:
double real;//复数的实部
double imag;//复数的虚部
};
//复数的加法
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2)
{
Complex c3;
c3.real = real + c2.real;
c3.imag = imag + c2.imag;
return c3;
}
//复数的减法
Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2)
{
Complex c3;
c3.real = real - c2.real;
c3.imag = imag - c2.imag;
return c3;
}
//复数的乘法
Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2)
{
Complex c3;
c3.real = real*c2.real - imag * c2.imag;
c3.imag = real*c2.imag + imag * c2.real;
return c3;
}
//复数的除法
Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2)
{
Complex c3;
c3.real = (real * c2.real + imag * c2.imag) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag);
c3.imag = (imag * c2.real - real * c2.imag) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag);
return c3;
}
//重载>>运算符实现输入复数
istream& operator >>(istream& input, Complex& c)
{
int a, b;
char sign, i;
do
{
cout<<"请输入一个复数,以(a+bi或a-bi)的形式输入:";
input>>a>>sign>>b>>i;
}while(!(('+' == sign || '-' == sign) && 'i' == i));
c.real = a;
c.imag = ('+' == sign) ? b : -b;
return input;
}
//重载<<运算符实现输出复数
ostream& operator <<(ostream& output, Complex& c)
{
int num = c.imag;
if(num>0)
{
output<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i"<<endl;
}
else
{
output<<c.real<<c.imag<<"i"<<endl;
}
return output;
}
void main( )
{
//定义三个复数
Complex c1, c2, c3;
cout<<"请输入一个复数:";
cin>>c1;
cout<<"请输入一个复数:";
cin>>c2;
//打印第一个复数
cout<<"c1 = ";
cout<<c1;
//打印第二个复数
cout<<"c2 = ";
cout<<c2;
//两个复数相加
c3 = c1 + c2;
cout<<"c1 + c2 = ";
cout<<c3;
//两个复数想减
c3 = c1 - c2;
cout<<"c1 - c2 = ";
cout<<c3;
//两个复数相乘
c3 = c1 * c2;
cout<<"c1 * c2 = ";
cout<<c3;
//两个复数相除
c3 = c1 / c2;
cout<<"c1 / c2 = ";
cout<<c3;
system("pause");
}
执行结果: