Android 根目录和sdcard卡路径分析

一、系统分区

<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#009900 !important"># adb shell</span>
<span style="color:#009900 !important"># mount</span></code></span>

<span style="color:#000000"><code>rootfs <span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">/</span> rootfs ro <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
tmpfs /dev tmpfs rw,mode<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">755</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,mode<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">600</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
proc /proc proc rw <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
sysfs /sys sysfs rw <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
<strong><span style="color:#006666 !important">none</span></strong> /acct cgroup rw,cpuacct <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
tmpfs /mnt/asec tmpfs rw,mode<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">755</span>,gid<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">1000</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
<strong><span style="color:#006666 !important">none</span></strong> /dev/cpuctl cgroup rw,cpu <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
/dev/block/mtdblock0 /system yaffs2 ro <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
/dev/block/mtdblock1 /<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">data</span> yaffs2 rw,nosuid,nodev <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
/dev/block/mtdblock2 /<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">cache</span></strong> yaffs2 rw,nosuid,nodev <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
/dev/block/vold/<span style="color:#006666 !important">179</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> /mnt/sdcard vfat rw,dirsync,nosuid,nodev,noexec,uid<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">1000</span>,gid<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">1015</span>,fmask<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">0702</span>,dmask<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">0702</span>,allow_utime<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">0020</span>,codepage<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span>cp437,iocharset<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span>iso8859<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">1</span>,shortname<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span>mixed,utf8,err　　ors<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span>remount<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-ro</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
/dev/block/vold/<span style="color:#006666 !important">179</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> /mnt/secure/asec vfat rw,dirsync,nosuid,nodev,noexec,uid<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">1000</span>,gid<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">1015</span>,fmask<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">0702</span>,dmask<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">0702</span>,allow_utime<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">0020</span>,codepage<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span>cp437,iocharset<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span>iso8859<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">1</span>,shortname<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span>mixed,utf　　<span style="color:#006666 !important">8</span>,errors<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span>remount<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-ro</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>
tmpfs /mnt/sdcard<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">/</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">.</span>android_secure tmpfs ro,size<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span>k,mode<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">=</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">000</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">0</span></code></span>

以上就是 Android 系统的分区结构，可见其挂载方式和 Linux 非常类似

• /dev/block/mtdblock* 这几个核心分区（写入 ROM 的），他们都是使用 yaffs2 文件系统（基于 FLASH 存储），

  • 其中是 /system 这个分区只有特殊的 ro 只读权限，由此可见 Android 在安全性设计方面所下的一些功夫。

• /dev/block/vold 据说是设计来替代 udev 的功能，主要用于支持一些热插拔设备。

二、目录概览

<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#009900 !important"># ls -l</span></code></span>

• 1

<span style="color:#000000"><code>dr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">------</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">18</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">10</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">36</span> config
drwxrwx<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">---</span> system   <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">cache</span></strong>             <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">05</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">32</span> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">cache</span></strong>
lrwxrwxrwx root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">18</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">10</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">36</span> sdcard <span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-> </span>/mnt/sdcard
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">18</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">10</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">36</span> acct
drwxrwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     system            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">18</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">10</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">36</span> mnt
lrwxrwxrwx root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">18</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">10</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">36</span> d <span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-> </span>/sys/kernel/debug
lrwxrwxrwx root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">18</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">10</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">36</span> etc <span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-> </span>/system/etc
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span> system
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">1970</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> sys
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">---</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">1970</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> sbin
dr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">1970</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> proc
<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-rwxr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">---</span> root     root        <span style="color:#006666 !important">12995</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">1970</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> init<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">.</span>rc
<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-rwxr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">---</span> root     root         <span style="color:#006666 !important">1677</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">1970</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> init<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">.</span>goldfish<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">.</span>rc
<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-rwxr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">---</span> root     root       <span style="color:#006666 !important">107412</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">1970</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> init
<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-rw</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-r</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">--</span>r<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">--</span> root     root          <span style="color:#006666 !important">118</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">1970</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> default<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">.</span>prop
drwxrwx<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">--</span>x system   system            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">12</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">54</span> <span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">data</span>
drwx<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">------</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">01</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">28</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">59</span> root
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">18</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">10</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">36</span> dev</code></span>

以上是 Android 根目录下文件目录，根据之前的分区结构可以大致看出每个目录的所处位置和大致功能，

以下是几个重要目录/文件的说明：

　　1、mnt 挂载点目录

　　2、etc 系统主要配置文件

　　3、system Android 系统文件

　　4、sys Linux 内核文件

　　5、proc 运行时文件

　　6、init.rc 启动脚本

　　7、default.prop 系统属性配置文件

　　8、data 用户程序目录

　　9、dev 设备文件

下面来看下system目录和data目录：

2.1、system目录

<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#009900 !important"># ls -l /system</span></code></span>

• 1

<span style="color:#000000"><code>drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">03</span> usr
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">07</span> app
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">05</span> lib
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">07</span> etc
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span> framework
<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-rw</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-r</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">--</span>r<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">--</span> root     root         <span style="color:#006666 !important">1532</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">20</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">58</span> build<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">.</span>prop
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     shell             <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">04</span> xbin
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> tts
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> media
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">00</span> fonts
drwxr<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-xr</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-x</span> root     shell             <span style="color:#006666 !important">2010</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">30</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">04</span> bin
drw<span style="color:#f1fa8c">-rw</span><span style="color:#f1fa8c">-rw</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span> root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">08</span><span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">-</span><span style="color:#006666 !important">18</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">10</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">36</span> lost<span style="color:#4f4f4f !important">+</span>found</code></span>

以上是 system 目录下面的主要文件目录下面也简单介绍一下：

　　1、usr 用户文件夹，包含共享、键盘布局、时间区域文件等

　　2、app 常规下载的应用程序，这些 apk 包都是受保护的哦

　　3、lib 系统底层库，如平台运行时库等

　　4、etc 系统的配置文件，比如APN接入点设置等核心配置等

　　5、framework Android 系统平台核心 framework 的文件

　　6、build.prop Android 系统属性配置文件

　　7、xbin 常用开发工具，比如 tcpdump/sqlite3 等

　　8、bin 系统工具，比如 ps/cp/pm 等

2.2、data目录：

<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#009900 !important"># ls -l /data</span></code></span>

<span style="color:#000000"><code>drwx------ root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">22</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">02</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">32</span> property
drwxrwx--t <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>   misc              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">05</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">32</span> misc
drwxrwx--<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">x</span></strong> shell    shell             <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">05</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">32</span> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">local</span></strong>
drwxrwx--<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">x</span></strong> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>   <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">05</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">32</span> app-private
drwx------ <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>   <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">05</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">33</span> backup
drwxrwxr-<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">x</span></strong> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>   <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-08-<span style="color:#006666 !important">12</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">54</span> anr
drwxrwx--<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">x</span></strong> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>   <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-08-<span style="color:#006666 !important">20</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">50</span> app
drwxrwx--<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">x</span></strong> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>   <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-08-<span style="color:#006666 !important">20</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">50</span> data
drwxr-<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">x</span></strong>--- root     <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">log</span></strong>               <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">05</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">32</span> dontpanic
drwxrwx--<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">x</span></strong> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>   <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-08-<span style="color:#006666 !important">20</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">50</span> dalvik-cache
drwxrwxr-<strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">x</span></strong> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>   <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>            <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-08-<span style="color:#006666 !important">22</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">40</span> <strong><span style="color:#000088 !important">system</span></strong>
drwxrwx--- root     root              <span style="color:#006666 !important">2011</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">06</span>-<span style="color:#006666 !important">21</span> <span style="color:#006666 !important">05</span>:<span style="color:#006666 !important">32</span> lost+found </code></span>

• /data 目录下结构都和应用有关，平时安装的用户应用/游戏程序，对应APP的数据，都被安装在 /data/app 下就可以了。

2.3、查看系统变量：

<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#009900 !important"># set</span></code></span>

<span style="color:#000000"><code><span style="color:#009900 !important">ANDROID_ASSETS</span>=/system/app
<span style="color:#009900 !important">ANDROID_BOOTLOGO</span>=1
<span style="color:#009900 !important">ANDROID_DATA</span>=/data
<span style="color:#009900 !important">ANDROID_PROPERTY_WORKSPACE</span>=9,32768
<span style="color:#009900 !important">ANDROID_ROOT</span>=/system
<span style="color:#009900 !important">ASEC_MOUNTPOINT</span>=/mnt/asec
<span style="color:#009900 !important">BOOTCLASSPATH</span>=/system/framework/core.jar:/system/framework/ext.jar:/system/framework/framework.jar:/system/framework/android.policy.jar:/system/framework/services.jar
<span style="color:#009900 !important">EXTERNAL_STORAGE</span>=/mnt/sdcard
<span style="color:#009900 !important">IFS</span>='
'
<span style="color:#009900 !important">LD_LIBRARY_PATH</span>=/system/lib
<span style="color:#009900 !important">OPTIND</span>=1
<span style="color:#009900 !important">PATH</span>=/sbin:/system/sbin:/system/bin:/system/xbin
<span style="color:#009900 !important">PS1</span>='# '
<span style="color:#009900 !important">PS2</span>='> '
<span style="color:#009900 !important">PS4</span>='+ '
<span style="color:#009900 !important">PWD</span>=/
<span style="color:#009900 !important">_</span>=/system/xbin</code></span>

从系统变量我们也可以看到一些系统使用中的重要目录。

三、挂载路径和软连接

以下两篇仅供参考：

android 4.2版本的sdcard文件目录分析这篇文章，很多观点错误，而且上下文出现矛盾。

Android得到的真机的SD卡路径是 /storage/emulated/0/

下面以sdcard的挂载和软连接为例，分析一下，虽说是在4.2版本的android，但是原理是一样的。

3.1、根目录

先来看一下根目录，可以结合上面的目录概览来看看每个文件夹都是什么(图片来自网络，所以序号不对应)：

3.2、TF卡 路径分析

不是每个系统路径都和下面一模一样，原理都是一样的，可能文件夹的名称不一样

先看一下整体结构
/mnt/shell/emulated/0/
/\
|
|—/storage/emulated/0
|—/storage/emulated/legacy
　/\
　|—/storage/sdcard0/
　|—/sdcard/
　|—/mnt/sdcard/

/mnt/sdcard2/->/storage/sdcard1

3.2.1 /storage/路径分析

上图红色框中的路径/storage/emulated/0/是个软连接，访问/storage/emulated/0相当于访问/mnt/shell/emulated/0（内部存储）

• /storage/emulated/0/ —>/mnt/shell/emulated/0/
• /storage/emulated/legacy/—>/mnt/shell/emulated/0/

原文中说，“这里的0代表是第几个存储卡，手机没有外插的内存卡，就是0，有的话就会多出来一个/storage/emulated/1的文件夹。”但是经过我的测试，发现不论是否插内存卡，都只有一个路径/storage/emulated/0/（内部存储）

• /storage/sdcard0/是内部存储
• /storage/sdcard1/是外部存储，没有插sd卡时，这个目录也是存在，是个空目录

3.2.2、三个指向storage/emulated/legacy/的路径

storage/emulated/legacy （故名思议，传统的）为了兼容以前的系统

1、根目录下的/sdcard/ -> storage/emulated/legacy/,说明/sdcard/ 也是内部存储。**

2、/storage/sdcard0
3、/mnt/sdcard

3.2.3、我们去看看/mnt/shell/emulated/0/这个文件夹

3.2.4、外部存储卡挂载
android是基于linux的，linux里的要使用存储设备就要先把它挂载到到linux的目录树上（以/为根），android上一般是挂载到/storage/emulated/对应的目录或者/storage对应目录里的。

• 外部存储卡，被挂在到/storage/目录下。/storage/sdcard1/是外部存储，没有插sd卡时，这个目录也是存在，是个空目录

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/bastard/archive/2012/11/28/2793008.html