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以前我一直以为File#renameTo(File)方法与OS下面的 move/mv 命令是相同的,可以达到改名、移动文件的目的。不过后来经常发现问题:File#renameTo(File)方法会返回失败(false),文件没有移动,又查不出原因,再后来干脆弃用该方法,自己实现一个copy方法,问题倒是再也没有出现过。
昨天老板同学又遇到这个问题,File#renameTo(File)方法在windows下面工作的好好的,在linux下偶尔又失灵了。回到家我扫了一遍JDK中File#renameTo(File)方法的源代码,发现它调用的是一个本地的方法(native method),无法再跟踪下去。网上有人说该方法在window下是正常的,在linux下面是不正常的。这个很难说通,SUN不可能搞出这种平台不一致的代码出来啊。
后面在SUN的官方论坛上看到有人提到这个问题“works on windows, don't work on linux”,后面有人回复说是“file systems”不一样。究竟怎么不一样呢?还是没有想出来...
后面在一个论坛里面发现了某人关于这个问题的阐述:
引用
In the Unix'esque O/S's you cannot renameTo() across file systems. This behavior is different than the Unix "mv" command. When crossing file systems mv does a copy and delete which is what you'll have to do if this is the case.
The same thing would happen on Windows if you tried to renameTo a different drive, i.e. C: -> D:
终于明白咯。
做个实验:
Java代码
- File sourceFile = new File("c:/test.txt");
- File targetFile1 = new File("e:/test.txt");
- File targetFile2 = new File("d:/test.txt");
- System.out.println("source file is exist? " + sourceFile.exists()
- + ", source file => " + sourceFile);
- System.out.println(targetFile1 + " is exist? " + targetFile1.exists());
- System.out.println("rename to " + targetFile1 + " => "
- + sourceFile.renameTo(targetFile1));
- System.out.println("source file is exist? " + sourceFile.exists()
- + ", source file => " + sourceFile);
- System.out.println(targetFile2 + " is exist? " + targetFile2.exists());
- System.out.println("rename to " + targetFile2 + " => "
- + sourceFile.renameTo(targetFile2));
-
File sourceFile = new File("c:/test.txt");
-
File targetFile1 = new File("e:/test.txt");
-
File targetFile2 = new File("d:/test.txt");
-
System.out.println("source file is exist? " + sourceFile.exists()
-
+ ", source file => " + sourceFile);
-
System.out.println(targetFile1 + " is exist? " + targetFile1.exists());
-
System.out.println("rename to " + targetFile1 + " => "
-
+ sourceFile.renameTo(targetFile1));
-
System.out.println("source file is exist? " + sourceFile.exists()
-
+ ", source file => " + sourceFile);
-
System.out.println(targetFile2 + " is exist? " + targetFile2.exists());
-
System.out.println("rename to " + targetFile2 + " => "
-
+ sourceFile.renameTo(targetFile2));
结果:
Java代码
- source file is exist? true, source file => c:\test.txt
- e:\test.txt is exist? false
- rename to e:\test.txt => false
- source file is exist? true, source file => c:\test.txt
- d:\test.txt is exist? false
- rename to d:\test.txt => true
-
source file is exist? true, source file => c:\test.txt
-
e:\test.txt is exist? false
-
rename to e:\test.txt => false
-
source file is exist? true, source file => c:\test.txt
-
d:\test.txt is exist? false
-
rename to d:\test.txt => true
注意看结果,从C盘到E盘失败了,从C盘到D盘成功了。因为我的电脑C、D两个盘是NTFS格式的,而E盘是FAT32格式的。所以从C到E就是上面文章所说的"file systems"不一样。从C到D由于同是NTFS分区,所以不存在这个问题,当然就成功了。
果然是不能把File#renameTo(File)当作move方法使用。
可以考虑使用apache组织的commons-io包里面的FileUtils#copyFile(File,File)和FileUtils#copyFileToDirectory(File,File)方法实现copy的效果。至于删除嘛,我想如果要求不是那么精确,可以调用File#deleteOnExit()方法,在虚拟机终止的时候,删除掉这个目录或文件。