Android 获取Android控件的宽和高

我们都知道在onCreate()里面获取控件的高度是0,这是为什么呢?我们来看一下示例:

首先我们自己写一个控件,这个控件非常简单:

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. public class MyImageViewextends ImageView {
3. public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
4. super(context, attrs);
5. }
6. public MyImageView(Context context) {
7. super(context);
8. }
10. @Override
11. protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec,int heightMeasureSpec) {
12. super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
13. System.out.println("onMeasure 我被调用了"+System.currentTimeMillis());
14. }
16. @Override
17. protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
18. super.onDraw(canvas);
19. System.out.println("onDraw 我被调用了"+System.currentTimeMillis());
20. }
22. }

public class MyImageView extends ImageView {

	public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
		super(context, attrs);
	}
	public MyImageView(Context context) {
		super(context);
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
		super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
		System.out.println("onMeasure 我被调用了"+System.currentTimeMillis());
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
		super.onDraw(canvas);
		System.out.println("onDraw 我被调用了"+System.currentTimeMillis());
	}

}

布局文件:

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. <com.test.MyImageView
2. android:id="@+id/imageview"
3. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
4. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
5. android:src="@drawable/test" />

    <com.test.MyImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageview"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:src="@drawable/test" />

测试的Activity的onCreate():

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Override
2. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
3. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
4. setContentView(R.layout.main);
5. System.out.println("执行完毕.."+System.currentTimeMillis());
6. }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);        
        System.out.println("执行完毕.."+System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

现在我们现在来看一下结果:

说明等onCreate方法执行完了,我们定义的控件才会被度量(measure),所以我们在onCreate方法里面通过view.getHeight()获取控件的高度或者宽度肯定是0,因为它自己还没有被度量,也就是说他自己都不知道自己有多高,而你这时候去获取它的尺寸,肯定是不行的.

现在碰到这个问题我们不能不解决,在网上找到了如下办法:

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. //------------------------------------------------方法一
2. int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
3. int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
4. imageView.measure(w, h);
5. int height =imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
6. int width =imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
7. textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
12. //-----------------------------------------------方法二
13. ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();
14. vto.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() {
15. public boolean onPreDraw() {
16. int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
17. int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
18. textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
19. return true;
20. }
21. });
22. //-----------------------------------------------方法三
23. ViewTreeObserver vto2 = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();
24. vto2.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
25. @Override
26. public void onGlobalLayout() {
27. imageView.getViewTreeObserver().removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);
28. textView.append("\n\n"+imageView.getHeight()+","+imageView.getWidth());
29. }
30. });

        //------------------------------------------------方法一
        int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        imageView.measure(w, h);
        int height =imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
        int width =imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
        textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
        
        
        

        //-----------------------------------------------方法二
        ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();
        vto.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() {
            public boolean onPreDraw() {
                int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
                int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
                textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
                return true;
            }
        });
        //-----------------------------------------------方法三   
        ViewTreeObserver vto2 = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();  
        vto2.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
            @Override  
            public void onGlobalLayout() {
            	imageView.getViewTreeObserver().removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);  
                textView.append("\n\n"+imageView.getHeight()+","+imageView.getWidth());
            }  
        });  

这三个方法是哪里找到现在已经忘了.

现在要讨论的是当我们需要时候使用哪个方法呢?

现在把测试的Activity改成如下:

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Override
2. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
3. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
4. setContentView(R.layout.main);
5. final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
7. //------------------------------------------------方法一
8. int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
9. int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
10. imageView.measure(w, h);
11. int height =imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
12. int width =imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
13. textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
15. System.out.println("执行完毕.."+System.currentTimeMillis());
16. }

  @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);      
        
        //------------------------------------------------方法一
        int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        imageView.measure(w, h);
        int height =imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
        int width =imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
        textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
        
        System.out.println("执行完毕.."+System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

接着来看下面几种方式输出结果:

把测试Activity改成如下:

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Override
2. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
3. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
4. setContentView(R.layout.main);
5. final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
6. -----------------------------------------------方法二
7. ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();
8. vto.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() {
9. public boolean onPreDraw() {
10. int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
11. int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
12. textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
13. return true;
14. }
15. });
16. }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
		//-----------------------------------------------方法二
        ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();
        vto.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() {
            public boolean onPreDraw() {
                int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
                int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
                textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
                return true;
            }
        });
    }

结果如下:

方法三就不再测试了同方法二!!!

那么方法而和方法三在执行上有什么区别呢?

我们在布局文件中加入一个TextView来记录这个控件的宽高.

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. <ScrollView
2. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
3. android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
5. <TextView
6. android:id="@+id/text"
7. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
8. android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
9. </ScrollView>

    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </ScrollView>

先来测试方法而:

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Override
2. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
3. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
4. setContentView(R.layout.main);
5. final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
6. -----------------------------------------------方法二
7. ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();
8. vto.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() {
9. public boolean onPreDraw() {
10. int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
11. int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
12. textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
13. return true;
14. }
15. });
16. }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
		//-----------------------------------------------方法二
        ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();
        vto.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() {
            public boolean onPreDraw() {
                int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight();
                int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth();
                textView.append("\n"+height+","+width);
                return true;
            }
        });
    }

结果如下:

我们再来测试方法三

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. @Override
2. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
3. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
4. setContentView(R.layout.main);
5. final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
6. //-----------------------------------------------方法三
7. ViewTreeObserver vto2 = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();
8. vto2.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
9. @Override
10. public void onGlobalLayout() {
11. imageView.getViewTreeObserver().removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);
12. textView.append("\n\n"+imageView.getHeight()+","+imageView.getWidth());
13. }
14. });
15. }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
        //-----------------------------------------------方法三   
        ViewTreeObserver vto2 = imageView.getViewTreeObserver();  
        vto2.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
            @Override  
            public void onGlobalLayout() {
            	imageView.getViewTreeObserver().removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);  
                textView.append("\n\n"+imageView.getHeight()+","+imageView.getWidth());
            }  
        });  
    }

输出结果如下:

我想这方法二和方法三之间的区别就不用说了吧.

总结:那么需要获取控件的宽高该用那个方法呢?

方法一: 比其他的两个方法多了一次计算,也就是多调用了一次onMeasure()方法,该方法虽然看上去简单,但是如果要目标控件计算耗时比较大的话(如listView等),不建议使用.

方法二,它的回调方法会调用很多次,并且滑动TextView的时候任然会调用,所以不建议使用.

方法三,比较合适.

当然,实际应用的时候需要根据实际情况而定.