Android开发记录七之文件下载的功能实现

1.文件下载的步骤

用到的类有Uri和HttpURLConnection

首先必须创建一个HttpURLConnection对象，实现代码如下：

<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Uri url = new URL(urlStr);
		HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

从urlConn对象获取一个InputStream对象

代码如下：

	InputStream inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();

在AndroidMainFest.xml文件中配置两个权限

一个是访问网络的权限，另外一个是访问SD卡的权限，用来存取文件

xml代码实现如下：

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

如果不配置则可能下载报错或者根本无法获取输入流

2.下载文本文件

编写了一个方法download，返回值是String类型，保存文本文件所有的内容。代码实现如下

public String download(String urlStr) {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();//定义StringBuffer的对象
		String line = null;
		BufferedReader buffer = null;
		try {
			// 创建一个URL对象
			url = new URL(urlStr);
			// 创建一个Http连接
			HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
					.openConnection();
			// 使用IO流读取数据
			buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConn
					.getInputStream()));
			while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
				sb.append(line);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				buffer.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return sb.toString();//返回字符串
	}

3.下载其他文件并写到sd卡之中

首先定义文件下载的工具类FileUtils，这个类可以作为一个通用的工具类来调用。以后可以直接拿来用。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import android.os.Environment;

public class FileUtils {
	private String SDPATH;

	public String getSDPATH() {
		return SDPATH;
	}
	public FileUtils() {
		//得到当前外部存储设备的目录
		// /SDCARD
		SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/";
	}
	/**
	 * 在SD卡上创建文件
	 * 
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public File creatSDFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
		File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
		file.createNewFile();
		return file;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在SD卡上创建目录
	 * 
	 * @param dirName
	 */
	public File creatSDDir(String dirName) {
		File dir = new File(SDPATH + dirName);
		dir.mkdirs();
		return dir;
	}

	/**
	 * 判断SD卡上的文件夹是否存在
	 */
	public boolean isFileExist(String fileName){
		File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
		return file.exists();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 将一个InputStream里面的数据写入到SD卡中
	 */
	public File write2SDFromInput(String path,String fileName,InputStream input){
		File file = null;
		OutputStream output = null;
		try{
			creatSDDir(path);
			file = creatSDFile(path + fileName);
			output = new FileOutputStream(file);
			byte buffer [] = new byte[4 * 1024];
			while((input.read(buffer)) != -1){
				output.write(buffer);
			}
			output.flush();
		}
		catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		finally{
			try{
				output.close();
			}
			catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return file;
	}

}

实现方法定义如下：

public int downFile(String urlStr, String path, String fileName) {
		InputStream inputStream = null;
		try {
			FileUtils fileUtils = new FileUtils();
			
			if (fileUtils.isFileExist(path + fileName)) {
				return 1; //返回1代表文件已经存在
			} else {
				inputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(urlStr);
				File resultFile = fileUtils.write2SDFromInput(path,fileName,inputStream); //传入的path格式为 xxx/，fileName格式 x.mp3
				if (resultFile == null) {
					return -1; //下载失败
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return -1;
		} finally {
			try {
				inputStream.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return 0;//文件下载成功
	}

	/**
	 * 根据URL得到输入流
	 */
	public InputStream getInputStreamFromUrl(String urlStr)
			throws MalformedURLException, IOException {
		url = new URL(urlStr);
		HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		InputStream inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();
		return inputStream;
	}

调用实例代码如下：

    class DownloadTxtListener implements OnClickListener{

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			HttpDownloader httpDownloader = new HttpDownloader();
			String lrc = httpDownloader.download("http://192.168.1.107:8080/voa1500/a1.lrc");
			System.out.println(lrc);
		}
    	
    }
    class DownloadMp3Listener implements OnClickListener{

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			HttpDownloader httpDownloader = new HttpDownloader();
			int result = httpDownloader.downFile("http://192.168.1.107:8080/voa1500/a1.mp3", "voa/", "a1.mp3");
			System.out.println(result);
		}
    	
    }

通过以上代码可以实现文件的下载