android 对listview数据的增删改查

android 对listview数据的增删改查

android listview是常用的数据展示控件。其中对数据的增删改查操作也是常用的功能，比如重新获取了新的数据，或者添加，删除某条记录等等更新都需要对listview的数据进行重新的加载。listview更新数据只需要调用到notifyDataSetChanged（）方法，就可以实现对listview数据的更新。如果涉及到线程，则需要在UI的线程更新。

本文针对listview常用的操作进行listview item的数据实行增删改查的操作，主要界面如下。

图-1 android 实现对listview数据的增删改查主要界面

本例只有一个UpdateListViewActivity类，相关的操作以及功能均在一个界面完成。对listview 数据的增删改查，实质就是对填充的数组（填充的数据）进行重新修改后，再次调用notifyDataSetChanged（）方法进行更新。尽管如此，对数据使用起来还是比较生疏，下面的例子能加强对listview数据更新的理解。

UpdateListViewActivity.java类是程序的唯一的一个类，实现了对listview增删改查的操作，代码比较多，但理解并不比较复杂。

1.UpdateListViewActivity.java

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1. package com.updatelistview.main;  
2.   
3. import java.util.ArrayList;  
4. import java.util.HashMap;  
5.   
6. import android.app.Activity;  
7. import android.app.AlertDialog;  
8. import android.content.Context;  
9. import android.content.DialogInterface;  
10. import android.os.Bundle;  
11. import android.view.LayoutInflater;  
12. import android.view.View;  
13. import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
14. import android.widget.Button;  
15. import android.widget.EditText;  
16. import android.widget.LinearLayout;  
17. import android.widget.ListView;  
18. import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;  
19. import android.widget.Toast;  
20.   
21. public class UpdateListViewActivity extends Activity {  
22.     // 控件  
23.     private Button addBtn;  
24.     private Button deleteBtn;  
25.     private Button editBtn;  
26.     private Button queryBtn;  
27.     private ListView listview;  
28.     // 数组  
29.     private SimpleAdapter listItemAdapter;  
30.     private ArrayList<hashmap<string, object="">> listItem = null;  
31.   
32.     /** Called when the activity is first created. */  
33.     @Override  
34.     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
35.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
36.         setContentView(R.layout.main);  
37.   
38.         // 获取控件  
39.         addBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.add_id);  
40.         deleteBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.delete_id);  
41.         editBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.edit_id);  
42.         queryBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.query_id);  
43.         listview = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.show_result);  
44.   
45.         // 初始化数据  
46.         init();  
47.   
48.         // 设置控件事件监听  
49.         addBtn.setOnClickListener(addClick);  
50.         deleteBtn.setOnClickListener(deleteClick);  
51.         editBtn.setOnClickListener(editClick);  
52.         queryBtn.setOnClickListener(queryClick);  
53.   
54.     }  
55.   
56.     // 添加事件响应  
57.     OnClickListener addClick = new OnClickListener() {  
58.   
59.         @Override  
60.         public void onClick(View v) {  
61.             // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
62.   
63.             // 加载输入框的布局文件  
64.             LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) UpdateListViewActivity.this  
65.                     .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);  
66.             final LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) inflater.inflate(  
67.                     R.layout.input_add, null);  
68.   
69.             // 弹出的对话框  
70.   
71.             new AlertDialog.Builder(UpdateListViewActivity.this)  
72.                     /* 弹出窗口的最上头文字 */  
73.                     .setTitle("添加一条数据")  
74.                     /* 设置弹出窗口的图式 */  
75.                     .setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info)  
76.                     /* 设置弹出窗口的信息 */  
77.                     .setMessage("请输入添加的内容")  
78.                     .setView(layout)  
79.                     .setPositiveButton("确定",  
80.                             new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {  
81.                                 public void onClick(  
82.                                         DialogInterface dialoginterface, int i) {  
83.   
84.                                     EditText inputStringr = (EditText) layout  
85.                                             .findViewById(R.id.input_add_string);  
86.   
87.                                     String str = inputStringr.getText()  
88.                                             .toString();  
89.   
90.                                     if (str == null || str.equals("")) {  
91.   
92.                                         Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),  
93.                                                 "添加的内容不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)  
94.                                                 .show();  
95.                                     } else {  
96.                                         HashMap<string, object=""> map = new HashMap<string, object="">();  
97.                                         map.put("viewspot", str);  
98.                                         map.put("add", R.drawable.right);  
99.                                         listItem.add(0, map);  
100.                                         // 如果在前面添加一条数据添加  
101.                                         // listItem.add(map);  
102.                                         listItemAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();  
103.                                         Toast.makeText(  
104.                                                 UpdateListViewActivity.this,  
105.                                                 "添加的一条数据为:" + str + "",  
106.                                                 Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
107.   
108.                                     }  
109.   
110.                                 }  
111.                             })  
112.                     .setNegativeButton("取消",  
113.                             new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { /* 设置跳出窗口的返回事件 */  
114.                                 public void onClick(  
115.                                         DialogInterface dialoginterface, int i) {  
116.                                     Toast.makeText(UpdateListViewActivity.this,  
117.                                             "取消了删除数据", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)  
118.                                             .show();  
119.   
120.                                 }  
121.                             }).show();  
122.   
123.         }  
124.     };  
125.   
126.     // 删除事件响应  
127.     OnClickListener deleteClick = new OnClickListener() {  
128.   
129.         @Override  
130.         public void onClick(View v) {  
131.             // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
132.   
133.             /** 
134.              * listItem.clear();清空所有数据 
135.              *  
136.              * */  
137.   
138.             /* 
139.              * listItem.clear();  
140.              * listItemAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); 
141.              */  
142.   
143.             // 加载输入框的布局文件  
144.             LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) UpdateListViewActivity.this  
145.                     .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);  
146.             final LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) inflater.inflate(  
147.                     R.layout.input_delete, null);  
148.   
149.             // 弹出的对话框  
150.   
151.             new AlertDialog.Builder(UpdateListViewActivity.this)  
152.                     /* 弹出窗口的最上头文字 */  
153.                     .setTitle("删除一条数据")  
154.                     /* 设置弹出窗口的图式 */  
155.                     .setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info)  
156.                     /* 设置弹出窗口的信息 */  
157.                     .setMessage("请输入删除的索引")  
158.                     .setView(layout)  
159.                     .setPositiveButton("确定",  
160.                             new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {  
161.                                 public void onClick(  
162.                                         DialogInterface dialoginterface, int i) {  
163.   
164.                                     EditText inputNumber = (EditText) layout  
165.                                             .findViewById(R.id.input_delete_number);  
166.   
167.                                     String str = inputNumber.getText()  
168.                                             .toString();  
169.   
170.                                     if (str == null || str.equals("")) {  
171.   
172.                                         Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),  
173.                                                 "请输入一个数字", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)  
174.                                                 .show();  
175.                                     } else {  
176.                                         int number = Integer.valueOf(str);  
177.   
178.                                         int size = listItem.size();  
179.   
180.                                         // 判断数字是否超出数组索引范围  
181.                                         if (number >= size) {  
182.                                             Toast.makeText(  
183.                                                     getApplicationContext(),  
184.                                                     "没有找到删除的数据索引",  
185.                                                     Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
186.   
187.                                         } else {  
188.   
189.                                             String value = listItem.get(number)  
190.                                                     .toString();  
191.                                             listItem.remove(number);  
192.                                             listItemAdapter  
193.                                                     .notifyDataSetChanged();  
194.                                             Toast.makeText(  
195.                                                     UpdateListViewActivity.this,  
196.                                                     "删除的数据为:" + value + "",  
197.                                                     Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
198.   
199.                                         }  
200.                                     }  
201.   
202.                                 }  
203.                             })  
204.                     .setNegativeButton("取消",  
205.                             new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { /* 设置跳出窗口的返回事件 */  
206.                                 public void onClick(  
207.                                         DialogInterface dialoginterface, int i) {  
208.                                     Toast.makeText(UpdateListViewActivity.this,  
209.                                             "取消了删除数据", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)  
210.                                             .show();  
211.   
212.                                 }  
213.                             }).show();  
214.   
215.         }  
216.     };  
217.     // 修改事件响应  
218.     OnClickListener editClick = new OnClickListener() {  
219.   
220.         @Override  
221.         public void onClick(View v) {  
222.             // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
223.             // 加载输入框的布局文件  
224.             LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) UpdateListViewActivity.this  
225.                     .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);  
226.             final LinearLayout layout = (LinearLayout) inflater.inflate(  
227.                     R.layout.input_edit, null);  
228.   
229.             // 弹出的对话框  
230.   
231.             new AlertDialog.Builder(UpdateListViewActivity.this)  
232.                     /* 弹出窗口的最上头文字 */  
233.                     .setTitle("修改一条数据")  
234.                     /* 设置弹出窗口的图式 */  
235.                     .setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info)  
236.                     /* 设置弹出窗口的信息 */  
237.                     .setMessage("请输入修改的索引及内容")  
238.                     .setView(layout)  
239.                     .setPositiveButton("确定",  
240.                             new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {  
241.                                 public void onClick(  
242.                                         DialogInterface dialoginterface, int i) {  
243.   
244.                                     EditText inputEditNumber = (EditText) layout  
245.                                             .findViewById(R.id.input_edit_number);  
246.   
247.                                     String numberStr = inputEditNumber  
248.                                             .getText().toString();  
249.   
250.                                     EditText inputEditString = (EditText) layout  
251.                                             .findViewById(R.id.input_edit_string);  
252.   
253.                                     String editStr = inputEditString.getText()  
254.                                             .toString();  
255.   
256.                                     if (numberStr == null  
257.                                             || numberStr.equals("")) {  
258.   
259.                                         Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),  
260.                                                 "请输入要修改的索引", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)  
261.                                                 .show();  
262.                                     } else {  
263.                                         int number = Integer.valueOf(numberStr);  
264.   
265.                                         int size = listItem.size();  
266.   
267.                                         // 判断数字是否超出数组索引范围  
268.                                         if (number >= size) {  
269.                                             Toast.makeText(  
270.                                                     getApplicationContext(),  
271.                                                     "没有找到修改的数据索引",  
272.                                                     Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
273.   
274.                                         } else {  
275.   
276.                                             HashMap<string, object=""> map = new HashMap<string, object="">();  
277.                                             map.put("viewspot", editStr);  
278.                                             map.put("add", R.drawable.right);  
279.   
280.                                             listItem.set(number, map);  
281.                                             listItemAdapter  
282.                                                     .notifyDataSetChanged();  
283.   
284.                                             Toast.makeText(  
285.                                                     UpdateListViewActivity.this,  
286.                                                     "数据修改为:" + editStr + "",  
287.                                                     Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
288.   
289.                                         }  
290.                                     }  
291.   
292.                                 }  
293.                             })  
294.                     .setNegativeButton("取消",  
295.                             new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { /* 设置跳出窗口的返回事件 */  
296.                                 public void onClick(  
297.                                         DialogInterface dialoginterface, int i) {  
298.                                     Toast.makeText(UpdateListViewActivity.this,  
299.                                             "取消了修改数据", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)  
300.                                             .show();  
301.   
302.                                 }  
303.                             }).show();  
304.   
305.         }  
306.     };  
307.   
308.     // 查询事件响应  
309.     OnClickListener queryClick = new OnClickListener() {  
310.   
311.         @Override  
312.         public void onClick(View v) {  
313.             // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
314.             // 查询数据  
315.             listItemAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();  
316.         }  
317.     };  
318.   
319.     // 初始化数据  
320.     private void init() {  
321.   
322.         listItem = new ArrayList<hashmap<string, object="">>();  
323.         for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {  
324.             HashMap<string, object=""> map = new HashMap<string, object="">();  
325.             map.put("viewspot", "北京故宫，颐和园" + i);  
326.             map.put("add", R.drawable.right);  
327.             listItem.add(map);  
328.         }  
329.         listItemAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(getApplicationContext(), listItem,// 数据源  
330.                 R.layout.items, new String[] { "viewspot", "add" }, new int[] {  
331.                         R.id.viewspot, R.id.add });  
332.         listview.setAdapter(listItemAdapter);  
333.   
334.     }  
335.   
336. }  
337. </string,></string,></hashmap<string,></string,></string,></string,></string,></hashmap<string,>  

main.xml是主要的布局界面，也是UpdateListViewActivity加载的布局文件。

2.main.xml（主要界面）

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
3. android:orientation="vertical"  
4. android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
5. android:layout_height="wrap_content">  
6. <Button android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:text="添加数据" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/add_id"></Button>  
7. <Button android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:text="删除数据" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/delete_id"></Button>  
8. <Button android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:text="修改数据" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/edit_id"></Button>  
9. <Button android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:text="查询数据" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/query_id"></Button>  
10.   
11. <ListView android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
12. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
13. android:id="@+id/show_result"  
14. >  
15. </ListView>  
16. </LinearLayout>  

items.xml是listview加载的数据选项布局文件

3.items.xml（listview item 内容填充布局）

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <LinearLayout  
3. xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
4. android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
5. android:layout_height="wrap_content">  
6. <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
7. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
8. android:id="@+id/viewspot"  
9. android:padding="6dip"  
10. android:layout_weight="1"  
11. android:textColor="#cceecc">  
12. </TextView>  
13.   
14. <ImageView android:layout_width="100dip"  
15. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
16. android:id="@+id/add"  
17. android:padding="10dip"  
18. android:src="@drawable/right"></ImageView>  
19.   
20. </LinearLayout>  

input_add.xml是点击“添加数据”按钮时弹出AlertDialog对话框时加载的输入框布局文件

4.input_add.xml（弹出的添加界面）

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <LinearLayout  
3. xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
4. android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
5. android:layout_height="fill_parent">  
6. <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
7. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
8. android:id="@+id/input_add_string"  
9. android:singleLine="true"></EditText>  
10. </LinearLayout>  

input_delete.xml是点击“删除数据”按钮时弹出AlertDialog对话框时加载的输入删除索引的布局文件

5.input_delete.xml（弹出的删除界面）

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <LinearLayout  
3. xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
4. android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
5. android:layout_height="fill_parent">  
6. <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
7. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
8. android:id="@+id/input_delete_number"  
9. android:singleLine="true"  
10. android:digits="0123456789"></EditText>  
11. </LinearLayout>  

input_edit.xml删除数据的布局文件

6.input_edit.xml（弹出的编辑界面）

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <LinearLayout  
3. xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
4. android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
5. android:layout_height="fill_parent"  
6. android:orientation="vertical">  
7. <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
8. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
9. android:text="输入要修改的索引"></TextView>  
10. <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
11. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
12. android:id="@+id/input_edit_number"  
13. android:singleLine="true"  
14. android:digits="0123456789"></EditText>  
15. <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
16. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
17. android:text="内容修改为"></TextView>  
18. <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
19. android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
20. android:id="@+id/input_edit_string"  
21. android:singleLine="true"></EditText>  
22. </LinearLayout>  

编辑的界面如图-2

源码下载:UpdateListView.zip