elasticsearch基本操作之--使用java操作elasticsearch

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-05 17:14:34 发布

u010515155

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-05 17:14:34 发布

阅读量559

点赞数

分类专栏： elasticsearch

elasticsearch 专栏收录该内容

5 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

/**

系统环境: vm12 下的centos 7.2
当前安装版本: elasticsearch-2.4.0.tar.gz

*/

es 查询共有4种查询类型

QUERY_AND_FETCH:

主节点将查询请求分发到所有的分片中，各个分片按照自己的查询规则即词频文档频率进行打分排序，然后将结果返回给主节点，主节点对所有数据进行汇总排序然后再返回给客户端，此种方式只需要和es交互一次。

  这种查询方式存在数据量和排序问题，主节点会汇总所有分片返回的数据这样数据量会比较大，二是各个分片上的规则可能不一致。

QUERY_THEN_FETCH:

主节点将请求分发给所有分片，各个分片打分排序后将数据的id和分值返回给主节点，主节点收到后进行汇总排序再根据排序后的id到对应的节点读取对应的数据再返回给客户端，此种方式需要和es交互两次。

  这种方式解决了数据量问题但是排序问题依然存在而且是es的默认查询方式

DEF_QUERY_AND_FETCH: 和 DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH:

将各个分片的规则统一起来进行打分。解决了排序问题但是DFS_QUERY_AND_FETCH仍然存在数据量问题，DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH两种噢乖你问题都解决但是效率是最差的。

1, 获取client, 两种方式获取

@Before
    public void before() throws Exception {
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();  
        map.put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk");  
        Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder().put(map);  
        client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()  
                        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), Integer.parseInt("9300"))); 
    }

@Before
    public void before11() throws Exception {
        // 创建客户端, 使用的默认集群名, "elasticSearch"
//        client = TransportClient.builder().build()
//                .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), 9300));

        // 通过setting对象指定集群配置信息, 配置的集群名
        Settings settings = Settings.settingsBuilder().put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk") // 设置集群名
//                .put("client.transport.sniff", true) // 开启嗅探 , 开启后会一直连接不上, 原因未知
//                .put("network.host", "192.168.50.37")
                .put("client.transport.ignore_cluster_name", true) // 忽略集群名字验证, 打开后集群名字不对也能连接上
//                .put("client.transport.nodes_sampler_interval", 5) //报错,
//                .put("client.transport.ping_timeout", 5) // 报错, ping等待时间,
                .build();
         client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()
                 .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.50.37", 9300)));
         // 默认5s
         // 多久打开连接, 默认5s
         System.out.println("success connect");
    }

PS: 官网给的2种方式都不能用, 需要合起来才能用, 浪费老子一下午...

其他参数的意义:
这里写图片描述

代码：

package com.wenbronk.javaes;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BackoffPolicy;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor.Listener;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.MultiGetItemResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.MultiGetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.node.DiscoveryNode;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeUnit;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.script.Script;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

/**
 * 使用java API操作elasticSearch
 * 
 * @author 231
 *
 */
public class JavaESTest {

    private TransportClient client;
    private IndexRequest source;

    /**
     * 获取连接, 第一种方式
     * @throws Exception
     */
//    @Before
    public void before() throws Exception {
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();  
        map.put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk");  
        Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder().put(map);  
        client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()  
                        .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), Integer.parseInt("9300"))); 
    }

/**
     * 查看集群信息
     */
    @Test
    public void testInfo() {
        List<DiscoveryNode> nodes = client.connectedNodes();
        for (DiscoveryNode node : nodes) {
            System.out.println(node.getHostAddress());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 组织json串, 方式1,直接拼接
     */
    public String createJson1() {
        String json = "{" +
                "\"user\":\"kimchy\"," +
                "\"postDate\":\"2013-01-30\"," +
                "\"message\":\"trying out Elasticsearch\"" +
            "}";
        return json;
    }

    /**
     * 使用map创建json
     */
    public Map<String, Object> createJson2() {
        Map<String,Object> json = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        json.put("user", "kimchy");
        json.put("postDate", new Date());
        json.put("message", "trying out elasticsearch");
        return json;
    }

    /**
     * 使用fastjson创建
     */
    public JSONObject createJson3() {
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
        json.put("user", "kimchy");
        json.put("postDate", new Date());
        json.put("message", "trying out elasticsearch");
        return json;
    }

    /**
     * 使用es的帮助类
     */
    public XContentBuilder createJson4() throws Exception {
        // 创建json对象, 其中一个创建json的方式
        XContentBuilder source = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
            .startObject()
                .field("user", "kimchy")
                .field("postDate", new Date())
                .field("message", "trying to out ElasticSearch")
            .endObject();
        return source;
    }

    /**
     * 存入索引中
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception {
        XContentBuilder source = createJson4();
        // 存json入索引中
        IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1").setSource(source).get();
//        // 结果获取
        String index = response.getIndex();
        String type = response.getType();
        String id = response.getId();
        long version = response.getVersion();
        boolean created = response.isCreated();
        System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version + ": " + created);
    }

    /**
     * get API 获取指定文档信息
     */
    @Test
    public void testGet() {
//        GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("twitter", "tweet", "1")
//                                .get();
        GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("twitter", "tweet", "1")
                .setOperationThreaded(false)    // 线程安全
                .get();
        System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
    }

    /**
     * 测试 delete api
     */
    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        DeleteResponse response = client.prepareDelete("twitter", "tweet", "1")
                .get();
        String index = response.getIndex();
        String type = response.getType();
        String id = response.getId();
        long version = response.getVersion();
        System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version);
    }

    /**
     * 测试更新 update API
     * 使用 updateRequest 对象
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate() throws Exception {
        UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest();
        updateRequest.index("twitter");
        updateRequest.type("tweet");
        updateRequest.id("1");
        updateRequest.doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                // 对没有的字段添加, 对已有的字段替换
                    .field("gender", "male")
                    .field("message", "hello")
                .endObject());
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();

        // 打印
        String index = response.getIndex();
        String type = response.getType();
        String id = response.getId();
        long version = response.getVersion();
        System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version);
    }

    /**
     * 测试update api, 使用client
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate2() throws Exception {
        // 使用Script对象进行更新
//        UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("twitter", "tweet", "1")
//                .setScript(new Script("hits._source.gender = \"male\""))
//                .get();

        // 使用XContFactory.jsonBuilder() 进行更新
//        UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("twitter", "tweet", "1")
//                .setDoc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
//                        .startObject()
//                            .field("gender", "malelelele")
//                        .endObject()).get();

        // 使用updateRequest对象及script
//        UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
//                .script(new Script("ctx._source.gender=\"male\""));
//        UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();

        // 使用updateRequest对象及documents进行更新
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
                .doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                        .startObject()
                            .field("gender", "male")
                        .endObject()
                    )).get();
        System.out.println(response.getIndex());
    }

    /**
     * 测试update
     * 使用updateRequest
     * @throws Exception 
     * @throws InterruptedException 
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate3() throws InterruptedException, Exception {
        UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
            .script(new Script("ctx._source.gender=\"male\""));
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();
    }

    /**
     * 测试upsert方法
     * @throws Exception 
     * 
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpsert() throws Exception {
        // 设置查询条件, 查找不到则添加生效
        IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2")
            .source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                    .field("name", "214")
                    .field("gender", "gfrerq")
                .endObject());
        // 设置更新, 查找到更新下面的设置
        UpdateRequest upsert = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2")
            .doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                    .startObject()
                        .field("user", "wenbronk")
                    .endObject())
            .upsert(indexRequest);

        client.update(upsert).get();
    }

    /**
     * 测试multi get api
     * 从不同的index, type, 和id中获取
     */
    @Test
    public void testMultiGet() {
        MultiGetResponse multiGetResponse = client.prepareMultiGet()
        .add("twitter", "tweet", "1")
        .add("twitter", "tweet", "2", "3", "4")
        .add("anothoer", "type", "foo")
        .get();

        for (MultiGetItemResponse itemResponse : multiGetResponse) {
            GetResponse response = itemResponse.getResponse();
            if (response.isExists()) {
                String sourceAsString = response.getSourceAsString();
                System.out.println(sourceAsString);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * bulk 批量执行
     * 一次查询可以update 或 delete多个document
     */
    @Test
    public void testBulk() throws Exception {
        BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = client.prepareBulk();
        bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1")
                .setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                        .startObject()
                            .field("user", "kimchy")
                            .field("postDate", new Date())
                            .field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch")
                        .endObject()));
        bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "2")
                .setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                        .startObject()
                            .field("user", "kimchy")
                            .field("postDate", new Date())
                            .field("message", "another post")
                        .endObject()));
        BulkResponse response = bulkRequest.get();
        System.out.println(response.getHeaders());
    }

    /**
     * 使用bulk processor
     * @throws Exception 
     */
    @Test
    public void testBulkProcessor() throws Exception {
        // 创建BulkPorcessor对象
        BulkProcessor bulkProcessor = BulkProcessor.builder(client, new Listener() {
            public void beforeBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            }

            // 执行出错时执行
            public void afterBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest, Throwable paramThrowable) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            }

            public void afterBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest, BulkResponse paramBulkResponse) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            }
        })
        // 1w次请求执行一次bulk
        .setBulkActions(10000)
        // 1gb的数据刷新一次bulk
        .setBulkSize(new ByteSizeValue(1, ByteSizeUnit.GB))
        // 固定5s必须刷新一次
        .setFlushInterval(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(5))
        // 并发请求数量, 0不并发, 1并发允许执行
        .setConcurrentRequests(1)
        // 设置退避, 100ms后执行, 最大请求3次
        .setBackoffPolicy(
                BackoffPolicy.exponentialBackoff(TimeValue.timeValueMillis(100), 3))
        .build();

        // 添加单次请求
        bulkProcessor.add(new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1"));
        bulkProcessor.add(new DeleteRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2"));

        // 关闭
        bulkProcessor.awaitClose(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
        // 或者
        bulkProcessor.close();
    }
}
复制代码

tes2代码:

package com.wenbronk.javaes;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.xml.FilterBuilderFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.MultiSearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchType;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.Builder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.Aggregation;
import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.AggregationBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.bucket.histogram.DateHistogramInterval;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortOrder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortParseElement;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * 使用java API操作elasticSearch
 * search API
 * @author 231
 *
 */
public class JavaESTest2 {

    private TransportClient client;

    /**
     * 获取client对象
     */
    @Before
    public void testBefore() {
        Builder builder = Settings.settingsBuilder();
        builder.put("cluster.name", "wenbronk_escluster");
//                .put("client.transport.ignore_cluster_name", true);
        Settings settings = builder.build();

        org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient.Builder transportBuild = TransportClient.builder();
        TransportClient client1 = transportBuild.settings(settings).build();
        client = client1.addTransportAddress((new InetSocketTransportAddress(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.50.37", 9300))));
        System.out.println("success connect to escluster");

    }

    /**
     * 测试查询
     */
    @Test
    public void testSearch() {
//        SearchRequestBuilder searchRequestBuilder = client.prepareSearch("twitter", "tweet", "1");
//        SearchResponse response = searchRequestBuilder.setTypes("type1", "type2")
//                            .setSearchType(SearchType.DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH)
//                            .setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("user", "test"))
//                            .setPostFilter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(0).to(1))
//                            .setFrom(0).setSize(2).setExplain(true)
//                            .execute().actionGet();
        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch()
                .execute().actionGet();
//        SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
//        for (SearchHit searchHit : hits) {
//            for(Iterator<SearchHitField> iterator = searchHit.iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
//                SearchHitField next = iterator.next();
//                System.out.println(next.getValues());
//            }
//        }
        System.out.println(response);
    }

    /**
     * 测试scroll api
     * 对大量数据的处理更有效
     */
    @Test
    public void testScrolls() {
        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("twitter", "tweet");

        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter")
        .addSort(SortParseElement.DOC_FIELD_NAME, SortOrder.ASC)
        .setScroll(new TimeValue(60000))
        .setQuery(queryBuilder)
        .setSize(100).execute().actionGet();

        while(true) {
            for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits().getHits()) {
                System.out.println("i am coming");
            }
            SearchResponse response2 = client.prepareSearchScroll(response.getScrollId())
                .setScroll(new TimeValue(60000)).execute().actionGet();
            if (response2.getHits().getHits().length == 0) {
                System.out.println("oh no=====");
                break;
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * 测试multiSearch
     */
    @Test
    public void testMultiSearch() {
        QueryBuilder qb1 = QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("elasticsearch");
        SearchRequestBuilder requestBuilder1 = client.prepareSearch().setQuery(qb1).setSize(1);

        QueryBuilder qb2 = QueryBuilders.matchQuery("user", "kimchy");
        SearchRequestBuilder requestBuilder2 = client.prepareSearch().setQuery(qb2).setSize(1);

        MultiSearchResponse multiResponse = client.prepareMultiSearch().add(requestBuilder1).add(requestBuilder2)
                .execute().actionGet();
        long nbHits = 0;
        for (MultiSearchResponse.Item item : multiResponse.getResponses()) {
            SearchResponse response = item.getResponse();
            nbHits = response.getHits().getTotalHits();
            SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
            System.out.println(nbHits);
        }

    }

    /**
     * 测试聚合查询
     */
    @Test
    public void testAggregation() {
        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch()
                .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()) // 先使用query过滤掉一部分
                .addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.terms("term").field("user"))
                .addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.dateHistogram("agg2").field("birth")
                    .interval(DateHistogramInterval.YEAR))
                .execute().actionGet();
        Aggregation aggregation2 = response.getAggregations().get("term");
        Aggregation aggregation = response.getAggregations().get("agg2");
//        SearchResponse response2 = client.search(new SearchRequest().searchType(SearchType.QUERY_AND_FETCH)).actionGet();
    }

    /**
     * 测试terminate
     */
    @Test
    public void testTerminateAfter() {
        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter").setTerminateAfter(1000).get();
        if (response.isTerminatedEarly()) {
            System.out.println("ternimate");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 过滤查询: 大于gt, 小于lt, 小于等于lte, 大于等于gte
     */
    @Test
    public void testFilter() {
        SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter")  
                .setTypes("")  
                .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()) //查询所有  
                .setSearchType(SearchType.QUERY_THEN_FETCH)  
//              .setPostFilter(FilterBuilders.rangeFilter("age").from(0).to(19)  
//                      .includeLower(true).includeUpper(true))  
//                .setPostFilter(FilterBuilderFactory .rangeFilter("age").gte(18).lte(22))  
                .setExplain(true) //explain为true表示根据数据相关度排序，和关键字匹配最高的排在前面  
                .get();  
    }

    /**
     * 分组查询
     */
    @Test
    public void testGroupBy() {
        client.prepareSearch("twitter").setTypes("tweet")
        .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery())
        .setSearchType(SearchType.QUERY_THEN_FETCH)
        .addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.terms("user")
                .field("user").size(0)        // 根据user进行分组
                                            // size(0) 也是10
        ).get();
    }




}