转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/dkblog/archive/2011/08/26/2155018.html
1.简单的将日志打印到屏幕
import logging logging. debug( 'This is debug message' ) logging. info( 'This is info message' ) logging. warning( 'This is warning message' )
屏幕上打印: WARNING:root:This is warning message
默认情况下,logging将日志打印到屏幕,日志级别为WARNING; 日志级别大小关系为:CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET,当然也可以自己定义日志级别。
2.通过logging.basicConfig函数对日志的输出格式及方式做相关配置
import logging logging. basicConfig( level= logging. DEBUG, format= '%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s' , datefmt= '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S' , filename= 'myapp.log' , filemode= 'w' ) logging. debug( 'This is debug message' ) logging. info( 'This is info message' ) logging. warning( 'This is warning message' )
./myapp.log文件中内容为: Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message
logging.basicConfig函数各参数: filename: 指定日志文件名 filemode: 和file函数意义相同,指定日志文件的打开模式,'w'或'a' format: 指定输出的格式和内容,format可以输出很多有用信息,如上例所示: %(levelno)s: 打印日志级别的数值 %(levelname)s: 打印日志级别名称 %(pathname)s: 打印当前执行程序的路径,其实就是sys.argv[0] %(filename)s: 打印当前执行程序名 %(funcName)s: 打印日志的当前函数 %(lineno)d: 打印日志的当前行号 %(asctime)s: 打印日志的时间 %(thread)d: 打印线程ID %(threadName)s: 打印线程名称 %(process)d: 打印进程ID %(message)s: 打印日志信息 datefmt: 指定时间格式,同time.strftime() level: 设置日志级别,默认为logging.WARNING stream: 指定将日志的输出流,可以指定输出到sys.stderr,sys.stdout或者文件,默认输出到sys.stderr,当stream和filename同时指定时,stream被忽略
3.将日志同时输出到文件和屏幕
import logging logging. basicConfig( level= logging. DEBUG, format= '%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s' , datefmt= '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S' , filename= 'myapp.log' , filemode= 'w' ) ################################################################################################# #定义一个StreamHandler,将INFO级别或更高的日志信息打印到标准错误,并将其添加到当前的日志处理对象# console = logging. StreamHandler( ) console. setLevel( logging. INFO) formatter = logging. Formatter( '%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s' ) console. setFormatter( formatter) logging. getLogger( '' ) . addHandler( console) ################################################################################################# logging. debug( 'This is debug message' ) logging. info( 'This is info message' ) logging. warning( 'This is warning message' )
屏幕上打印: root : INFO This is info message root : WARNING This is warning message
./myapp.log文件中内容为: Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:11] DEBUG This is debug message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:12] INFO This is info message Sun, 24 May 2009 21:48:54 demo2.py[line:13] WARNING This is warning message
4.logging之日志回滚
import logging from logging. handlers import RotatingFileHandler ################################################################################################# #定义一个RotatingFileHandler,最多备份5个日志文件,每个日志文件最大10M Rthandler = RotatingFileHandler( 'myapp.log' , maxBytes= 10* 1024* 1024, backupCount= 5) Rthandler. setLevel( logging. INFO) formatter = logging. Formatter( '%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s' ) Rthandler. setFormatter( formatter) logging. getLogger( '' ) . addHandler( Rthandler) ################################################################################################
从上例和本例可以看出,logging有一个日志处理的主对象,其它处理方式都是通过addHandler添加进去的。 logging的几种handle方式如下:
logging.StreamHandler: 日志输出到流,可以是sys.stderr、sys.stdout或者文件 logging.FileHandler: 日志输出到文件
日志回滚方式,实际使用时用RotatingFileHandler和TimedRotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandler logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler
logging.handlers.SocketHandler: 远程输出日志到TCP/IP sockets logging.handlers.DatagramHandler: 远程输出日志到UDP sockets logging.handlers.SMTPHandler: 远程输出日志到邮件地址 logging.handlers.SysLogHandler: 日志输出到syslog logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler: 远程输出日志到Windows NT/2000/XP的事件日志 logging.handlers.MemoryHandler: 日志输出到内存中的制定buffer logging.handlers.HTTPHandler: 通过"GET"或"POST"远程输出到HTTP服务器
由于StreamHandler和FileHandler是常用的日志处理方式,所以直接包含在logging模块中,而其他方式则包含在logging.handlers模块中, 上述其它处理方式的使用请参见python2.5手册!
5.通过logging.config模块配置日志
#logger. conf
###############################################
[loggers] keys=root,example01,example02
[logger_root] level=DEBUG handlers=hand01,hand02
[logger_example01] handlers=hand01,hand02 qualname=example01 propagate=0
[logger_example02] handlers=hand01,hand03 qualname=example02 propagate=0
###############################################
[handlers] keys=hand01,hand02,hand03
[handler_hand01] class=StreamHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=(sys.stderr,)
[handler_hand02] class=FileHandler level=DEBUG formatter=form01 args=('myapp.log', 'a')
[handler_hand03] class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)
###############################################
[formatters] keys=form01,form02
[formatter_form01] format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s datefmt=%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S
[formatter_form02] format=%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s datefmt=
上例3:
import logging import logging. config logging. config. fileConfig( "logger.conf" ) logger = logging. getLogger( "example01" ) logger. debug( 'This is debug message' ) logger. info( 'This is info message' ) logger. warning( 'This is warning message' )
上例4:
import logging import logging. config logging. config. fileConfig( "logger.conf" ) logger = logging. getLogger( "example02" ) logger. debug( 'This is debug message' ) logger. info( 'This is info message' ) logger. warning( 'This is warning message' )
6.logging是线程安全的
from:http://blog.csdn.net/yatere/article/details/6655445