TextKit学习（四）通过boundingRectWithSize:options:attributes:context:计算文本尺寸

之前用Text Kit写Reader的时候，在分页时要计算一段文本的尺寸大小，之前使用了NSString类的sizeWithFont:constrainedToSize:lineBreakMode:方法，但是该方法已经被iOS7 Deprecated了，而iOS7新出了一个boudingRectWithSize:options:attributes:context方法来代替：

很碍眼的黄色警告标志。

先来看看iOS7 SDK包中关于boudingRectWithSize:options:attributes:context方法的定义：

 

// NOTE: All of the following methods will default to drawing on a baseline, limiting drawing to a single line.

// To correctly draw and size multi-line text, pass NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin in the options parameter.

@interface NSString (NSExtendedStringDrawing)

- (void)drawWithRect:(CGRect)rect options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributes context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);

- (CGRect)boundingRectWithSize:(CGSize)size options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributes context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);

@end

关于该方法，NSAttributedString其实也有一个同名的方法：

 

 

@interface NSAttributedString (NSExtendedStringDrawing)

- (void)drawWithRect:(CGRect)rect options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0);

- (CGRect)boundingRectWithSize:(CGSize)size options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0);

@end

该方法在iOS6就可以使用了。

 

关于该类，有一篇关于NSAttributedString UIKit Additions Reference翻译的文章：http://blog.csdn.net/kmyhy/article/details/8895643

里面就说到了该方法：

 

boundingRectWithSize:options:context:

 返回文本绘制所占据的矩形空间。

- (CGRect)boundingRectWithSize:(CGSize)size options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context

参数

size

宽高限制，用于计算文本绘制时占据的矩形块。

The width and height constraints to apply when computing the string’s bounding rectangle.

options

文本绘制时的附加选项。可能取值请参考“NSStringDrawingOptions”。

context

context上下文。包括一些信息，例如如何调整字间距以及缩放。最终，该对象包含的信息将用于文本绘制。该参数可为 nil 。

返回值

一个矩形，大小等于文本绘制完将占据的宽和高。

讨论

可以使用该方法计算文本绘制所需的空间。size 参数是一个constraint ,用于在绘制文本时作为参考。但是，如果绘制完整个文本需要更大的空间，则返回的矩形大小可能比 size 更大。一般，绘制时会采用constraint提供的宽度，但高度则会根据需要而定。

特殊情况

为了计算文本块的大小，该方法采用默认基线。

如果 NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin未指定，矩形的高度将被忽略，同时使用单线绘制。（由于一个bug，在 iOS6 中，宽度会被忽略）

兼容性

• iOS 6.0 以后支持。

声明于

NSStringDrawing.

另外，关于参数(NSStringDrawingOptions)options

 

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, NSStringDrawingOptions) {

    NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine = 1 << 5, // Truncates and adds the ellipsis character to the last visible line if the text doesn't fit into the bounds specified. Ignored if NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin is not also set.

    NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin = 1 << 0, // The specified origin is the line fragment origin, not the base line origin

    NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading = 1 << 1, // Uses the font leading for calculating line heights

    NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetrics = 1 << 3, // Uses image glyph bounds instead of typographic bounds

} NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0);

 

NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine：

如果文本内容超出指定的矩形限制，文本将被截去并在最后一个字符后加上省略号。如果没有指定NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin选项，则该选项被忽略。

NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin：

绘制文本时使用 line fragement origin 而不是 baseline origin。

The origin specified when drawing the string is the line fragment origin and not the baseline origin.

NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading：

计算行高时使用行距。（译者注：字体大小+行间距=行距）

NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetrics：

计算布局时使用图元字形（而不是印刷字体）。

Use the image glyph bounds (instead of the typographic bounds) when computing layout.

简单写了一个Demo来看看该方法的使用，并比较了一下各个options的不同，首先是代码：

 

    NSAttributedString *attrStr = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:textView.text];

    textView.attributedText = attrStr;

    NSRange range = NSMakeRange(0, attrStr.length);

    NSDictionary *dic = [attrStr attributesAtIndex:0 effectiveRange:&range];   // 获取该段attributedString的属性字典

    // 计算文本的大小

    CGSize textSize = [textView.text boundingRectWithSize:textView.bounds.size // 用于计算文本绘制时占据的矩形块

                                                  options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin | NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading // 文本绘制时的附加选项

                                               attributes:dic        // 文字的属性

                                                  context:nil].size; // context上下文。包括一些信息，例如如何调整字间距以及缩放。该对象包含的信息将用于文本绘制。该参数可为nil

    NSLog(@"w = %f", textSize.width);

    NSLog(@"h = %f", textSize.height);

再看看不同的options下控制台的输出结果：

 

 

     NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin | NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading

     2013-09-02 21:04:47.470 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[3532:a0b] w = 322.171875

     2013-09-02 21:04:47.471 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[3532:a0b] h = 138.000015

    

     NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin // The specified origin is the line fragment origin, not the base line origin

     2013-09-02 17:35:40.547 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1871:a0b] w = 318.398438

     2013-09-02 17:35:40.549 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1871:a0b] h = 69.000000

         NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine // Truncates and adds the ellipsis character to the last visible line if the text doesn't fit into the bounds specified. Ignored if NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin is not also set.

     2013-09-02 17:37:38.398 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1902:a0b] w = 1523.408203

     2013-09-02 17:37:38.400 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1902:a0b] h = 13.800000

         NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading // Uses the font leading for calculating line heights

     2013-09-02 17:40:45.903 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1932:a0b] w = 1523.408203

     2013-09-02 17:40:45.905 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1932:a0b] h = 13.800000

    

     NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetrics // Uses image glyph bounds instead of typographic bounds

     2013-09-02 17:42:03.283 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1956:a0b] w = 1523.408203

     2013-09-02 17:42:03.284 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1956:a0b] h = 13.800000

其中如果options参数为NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin，那么整个文本将以每行组成的矩形为单位计算整个文本的尺寸。（在这里有点奇怪，因为字体高度大概是13.8，textView中大概有10行文字，此时用该选项计算出来的只有5行，即高度为69，而同时使用NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading | NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin却可以得出文字刚好有10行，即高度为138，这里要等iOS7官方的文档出来再看看选项的说明，因为毕竟以上文档是iOS6的东西）

如果为NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine或者NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetric，那么计算文本尺寸时将以每个字或字形为单位来计算。

如果为NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading则以字体间的行距（leading，行距：从一行文字的底部到另一行文字底部的间距。）来计算。

各个参数是可以组合使用的，如NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin | NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine。

根据该方法我调整了一下Reader的分页方法：（主要是将被iOS7 Deprecated的sizeWithFont:constrainedToSize:lineBreakMode:方法改成了boudingRectWithSize:options:attributes:context:方法来计算文本尺寸）

 

 

-(BOOL)paging

{

   

    static const CGFloat textScaleFactor = 1.; // 设置文字比例

    NSString *textStyle = [curPageView.textView tkd_textStyle]; // 设置文字样式

    preferredFont_ = [UIFont tkd_preferredFontWithTextStyle:textStyle scale:textScaleFactor]; //设置prferredFont（包括样式和大小）

    NSLog(@"paging: %@", preferredFont_.fontDescriptor.fontAttributes); // 在控制台中输出字体的属性字典

    

       

    NSUInteger height = (int)self.view.bounds.size.height - 40.0; // 页面的高度

    

    

   

    NSDictionary *dic = preferredFont_.fontDescriptor.fontAttributes;

    CGSize totalTextSize = [bookItem.content.string boundingRectWithSize:curPageView.textView.bounds.size

                                                                 options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin

                                                              attributes:dic

                                                                 context:nil].size;

    NSLog(@"w = %f", totalTextSize.width);

    NSLog(@"h = %f", totalTextSize.height);

    

    

   

    if (totalTextSize.height < height) {

       

        totalPages_   = 1;             // 设定总页数为1

        charsPerPage_ = [bookItem.content length]; // 设定每页的字符数

        textLength_   = [bookItem.content length]; // 设定文本总长度

        return NO;                     // 不用分页

    }

    else {

       

        textLength_                       = [bookItem.content length];                   // 文本的总长度

        NSUInteger referTotalPages        = (int)totalTextSize.height / (int)height + 1; // 理想状态下的总页数

        NSUInteger referCharactersPerPage = textLength_ / referTotalPages;               // 理想状态下每页的字符数

        // 输出理想状态下的参数信息

        NSLog(@"textLength             = %d", textLength_);

        NSLog(@"referTotalPages        = %d", referTotalPages);

        NSLog(@"referCharactersPerPage = %d", referCharactersPerPage);

        

        

       

        // 如果referCharactersPerPage过大，则直接调整至下限值，减少调整的时间

        if (referCharactersPerPage > 1000) {

            referCharactersPerPage = 1000;

        }

               // 获取理想状态下的每页文本的范围和pageText及其尺寸

        NSRange range       = NSMakeRange(referCharactersPerPage, referCharactersPerPage); // 一般第一页字符数较少，所以取第二页的文本范围作为调整的参考标准

        NSString *pageText  = [bookItem.content.string substringWithRange:range]; // 获取该范围内的文本

        NSLog(@"%@", pageText);

        

               NSRange ptrange = NSMakeRange(0, pageText.length);

        NSDictionary *ptdic = [[bookItem.content attributedSubstringFromRange:ptrange] attributesAtIndex:0 effectiveRange:&ptrange];

        CGSize pageTextSize = [pageText boundingRectWithSize:curPageView.textView.bounds.size

                                                     options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin

                                                  attributes:ptdic

                                                     context:nil].size;

        

        // 若pageText超出text view的显示范围，则调整referCharactersPerPage

        NSLog(@"height = %d", height);

        while (pageTextSize.height > height) { 

            NSLog(@"pageTextSize.height = %f", pageTextSize.height);

            referCharactersPerPage -= 2;                                      // 每页字符数减2

            range                   = NSMakeRange(0, referCharactersPerPage); // 重置每页字符的范围

            ptdic = [[bookItem.content attributedSubstringFromRange:range] attributesAtIndex:0 effectiveRange:&range];

            CGSize pageTextSize = [pageText boundingRectWithSize:curPageView.textView.bounds.size

                                                         options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin

                                                      attributes:ptdic

                                                         context:nil].size;

            pageText                = [bookItem.content.string substringWithRange:range];       // 重置pageText

            

            pageTextSize = [pageText boundingRectWithSize:curPageView.textView.bounds.size

                                                  options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin

                                               attributes:ptdic

                                                  context:nil].size; // 获取pageText的尺寸

        }

        

        // 根据调整后的referCharactersPerPage设定好charsPerPage_

        charsPerPage_ = referCharactersPerPage; 

        NSLog(@"cpp: %d", charsPerPage_);

        

        // 计算totalPages_

        totalPages_ = (int)bookItem.content.length / charsPerPage_ + 1;

        NSLog(@"ttp: %d", totalPages_);

        

        // 计算最后一页的字符数，防止范围溢出

        charsOfLastPage_ = textLength_ - (totalPages_ - 1) * charsPerPage_;

        NSLog(@"colp: %d", charsOfLastPage_);

        

        // 分页完成

        return YES;

    }

}

这样就看不到碍眼的黄色警告标志了。

 

重要的是，由于该方法计算文本的尺寸更为准确，所以可以使得分页后页与页之间的连贯性好了很多，而且每页的空间利用率都提高了很多，每页的文字几乎铺满了整个页面。

图片丢失了，大家有兴趣可以看看原文

原文链接为：http://www.cnblogs.com/pangblog/archive/2013/09/04/3301863.html