参考文档:
1.设计模式-可复用面向对象软件的基础
2.http://blog.csdn.net/zhshulin/article/details/38708351(设计模式——观察者模式(Observer) )
观察者模式(Observer)(行为模式)
详细的理论方面的知识,可以参考 参考文档。
看一下observer的结构:
协作方式:
如果,在实现是,需要封装复杂的更新语义,可以使用Mediator(5.5)模式,ChangeManager是一个Mediator(5.5)模式的实例。
代码实现,案例为书中讲的时钟的案例。
Subject.java:
package com.rick.designpattern.observer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by MyPC on 2017/6/19.
*/
public abstract class Subject {
private List<Observer> observers = new ArrayList<Observer>();
public void attach(Observer observer) {
observers.add(observer);
}
public void detach(Observer observer) {
observers.remove(observer);
}
public void Notify() {
for (Observer os : observers) {
os.update(this);
}
}
}
ClockTimer.java:
package com.rick.designpattern.observer;
import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* Created by MyPC on 2017/6/19.
*/
public class ClockTimer extends Subject {
private int hour, minute, second;
public ClockTimer() {
}
public int getHour() {
return hour;
}
public int getMinute() {
return minute;
}
public int getSecond() {
return second;
}
public void tick() {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
hour = date.getHours();
minute = date.getMinutes();
second = date.getSeconds();
ClockTimer.this.Notify();
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}).run();
}
}
Observer.java:
package com.rick.designpattern.observer;
/**
* Created by MyPC on 2017/6/19.
*/
public abstract class Observer {
public abstract void update(Subject subject);
}
AnalogClock.java:
package com.rick.designpattern.observer;
/**
* Created by MyPC on 2017/6/19.
*/
public class AnalogClock extends Observer implements Widget {
private ClockTimer subject;
public AnalogClock(ClockTimer subject) {
this.subject = subject;
subject.attach(this);
}
public void detachSubject() {
subject.detach(this);
}
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("AnalogClock:当前时间:" + subject.getHour() + ":" + subject.getMinute() + ":" + subject.getSecond());
}
@Override
public void update(Subject subject) {
if (subject instanceof ClockTimer) {
draw();
}
}
}
DigitalClock.java:
package com.rick.designpattern.observer;
/**
* Created by MyPC on 2017/6/19.
*/
public class DigitalClock extends Observer implements Widget {
private ClockTimer subject;
public DigitalClock(ClockTimer subject) {
this.subject = subject;
subject.attach(this);
}
public void detachSubject() {
subject.detach(this);
}
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("DigitalClock:当前时间:" + subject.getHour() + ":" + subject.getMinute() + ":" + subject.getSecond());
}
@Override
public void update(Subject subject) {
if (subject instanceof ClockTimer) {
draw();
}
}
}
Widget.java:
package com.rick.designpattern.observer;
/**
* Created by MyPC on 2017/6/19.
*/
public interface Widget {
public void draw();
}
Client.java:
package com.rick.designpattern.observer;
/**
* Created by MyPC on 2017/6/19.
*/
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClockTimer clockTimer = new ClockTimer();
DigitalClock digitalClock = new DigitalClock(clockTimer);
AnalogClock analogClock = new AnalogClock(clockTimer);
clockTimer.tick();
}
}