ViewPager+Fragment取消预加载（延迟加载）

在项目中，都或多或少地使用的Tab布局，所以大都会用到ViewPager+Fragment，但是Fragment有个不好或者太好的地方。例如你在ViewPager中添加了三个Fragment，当加载ViewPager中第一个Fragment时，它会默认帮你预先加载了第二个Fragment，当你加载第二个Fragment时，它会帮你加载第三个Fragment。这样虽然有时很好，但是用户只需看一个Fragment时，我们就做了一些多余工作加载了第二个Fragment。在这只需要取消Fragment的预加载即可，只有当用户切换到某个Fragment才加载..

首先，介绍两个方法void setUserVisibleHint(boolean isVisibleToUser)、boolean getUserVisibleHint()，它们分别用作设置/获得Fragment可见状态，我们可以重写Fragment在其中做判断，代码如下：

 

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import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;   public abstract class BaseFragment extends Fragment {            /** Fragment当前状态是否可见 */      protected boolean isVisible;                  @Override      public void setUserVisibleHint( boolean isVisibleToUser) {          super .setUserVisibleHint(isVisibleToUser);                    if (getUserVisibleHint()) {              isVisible = true ;              onVisible();          } else {              isVisible = false ;              onInvisible();          }      }                  /**       * 可见       */      protected void onVisible() {          lazyLoad();          }                  /**       * 不可见       */      protected void onInvisible() {                          }                  /**       * 延迟加载       * 子类必须重写此方法       */      protected abstract void lazyLoad(); }

在我们的Fragment中，只需要继承这个类，然后重写其中的lazyLoad()方法，当Fragment对用户可见（即用户切换到此Fragment时）我们在lazyLoad()中加载所需数据，详细代码看下面，我写了个假的获取数据线程：

 

 

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import android.os.AsyncTask; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.TextView;   public class CustomListFragment extends BaseFragment {        private static final String FRAGMENT_INDEX = fragment_index;      private final int FIRST_FRAGMENT = 0 ;      private final int SECOND_FRAGMENT = 1 ;      private final int THIRD_FRAGMENT = 2 ;        private TextView mFragmentView;        private int mCurIndex = - 1 ;      /** 标志位，标志已经初始化完成 */      private boolean isPrepared;      /** 是否已被加载过一次，第二次就不再去请求数据了 */      private boolean mHasLoadedOnce;        /**       * 创建新实例       *       * @param index       * @return       */      public static CustomListFragment newInstance( int index) {          Bundle bundle = new Bundle();          bundle.putInt(FRAGMENT_INDEX, index);          CustomListFragment fragment = new CustomListFragment();          fragment.setArguments(bundle);          return fragment;      }        @Override      public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {          if (mFragmentView == null ) {              mFragmentView = (TextView) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment, container, false );              //获得索引值              Bundle bundle = getArguments();              if (bundle != null ) {                  mCurIndex = bundle.getInt(FRAGMENT_INDEX);              }              isPrepared = true ;              lazyLoad();          }                    //因为共用一个Fragment视图，所以当前这个视图已被加载到Activity中，必须先清除后再加入Activity          ViewGroup parent = (ViewGroup)mFragmentView.getParent();          if (parent != null ) {              parent.removeView(mFragmentView);          }          return mFragmentView;      }        @Override      protected void lazyLoad() {          if (!isPrepared || !isVisible || mHasLoadedOnce) {              return ;          }            new AsyncTask< void , boolean = "" >() {                @Override              protected void onPreExecute() {                  super .onPreExecute();                  //显示加载进度对话框                  UIHelper.showDialogForLoading(getActivity(), 正在加载..., true );              }                @Override              protected Boolean doInBackground(Void... params) {                  try {                      Thread.sleep( 2000 );                      //在这里添加调用接口获取数据的代码                      //doSomething()                  } catch (Exception e) {                      e.printStackTrace();                  }                  return true ;              }                @Override              protected void onPostExecute(Boolean isSuccess) {                  if (isSuccess) {                      // 加载成功                      setView();                      mHasLoadedOnce = true ;                  } else {                      // 加载失败                  }                  //关闭对话框                  UIHelper.hideDialogForLoading();              }          }.execute();      }        private void setView() {          // 根据索引加载不同视图          switch (mCurIndex) {          case FIRST_FRAGMENT:              mFragmentView.setText(第一个);              break ;            case SECOND_FRAGMENT:              mFragmentView.setText(第二个);              break ;            case THIRD_FRAGMENT:              mFragmentView.setText(第三个);              break ;          }      } }</ void ,>

到这里我们只是写好了Fragment，在FragmentActivity中还需要对ViewPager设置一下，让它每次只加载一个Fragment， ViewPager.setOffscreenPageLimit(int limit) ，其中参数可以设为0或者1，参数小于1时，会默认用1来作为参数，未设置之前，ViewPager会默认加载两个Fragment。所以，我们只需要调用下它，设置下加载Fragment个数即可。

 

 

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import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import android.support.v4.app.Fragment; import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.RadioButton; import android.os.Bundle;   public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnClickListener{        private RadioButton mFstBtn;      private RadioButton mSndBtn;      private RadioButton mThdBtn;            private ViewPager mViewPager;      private ListFragmentPagerAdapter mPagerAdapter;      private List<fragment> mFragments = new ArrayList<fragment>();            private final int FIRST_FRAGMENT = 0 ;      private final int SECOND_FRAGMENT = 1 ;      private final int THIRD_FRAGMENT = 2 ;                  @Override      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);          initButton();          initViewPager();      }                  /**       * 初始化按钮       */      private void initButton() {          mFstBtn = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.id_rb_fst);          mFstBtn.setOnClickListener( this );          mSndBtn = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.id_rb_snd);          mSndBtn.setOnClickListener( this );          mThdBtn = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.id_rb_thd);          mThdBtn.setOnClickListener( this );      }                  /**       * 初始化ViewPager控件       */      private void initViewPager() {          mViewPager = (ViewPager)findViewById(R.id.id_vp_viewpager);          //关闭预加载，默认一次只加载一个Fragment          mViewPager.setOffscreenPageLimit( 1 );          //添加Fragment          mFragments.add(CustomListFragment.newInstance(FIRST_FRAGMENT));          mFragments.add(CustomListFragment.newInstance(SECOND_FRAGMENT));          mFragments.add(CustomListFragment.newInstance(THIRD_FRAGMENT));          //适配器          mPagerAdapter = new ListFragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(), mFragments);          mViewPager.setAdapter(mPagerAdapter);          mViewPager.setOnPageChangeListener(onPageChangeListener);      }              private OnPageChangeListener onPageChangeListener = new OnPageChangeListener() {                    @Override          public void onPageSelected( int position) {              //根据用户选中的按钮修改按钮样式              switch (position) {              case FIRST_FRAGMENT:                  mFstBtn.setChecked( true );                  mSndBtn.setChecked( false );                  mThdBtn.setChecked( false );                  break ;                case SECOND_FRAGMENT:                  mFstBtn.setChecked( false );                  mSndBtn.setChecked( true );                  mThdBtn.setChecked( false );                  break ;                                case THIRD_FRAGMENT:                  mFstBtn.setChecked( false );                  mSndBtn.setChecked( false );                  mThdBtn.setChecked( true );              break ;              }          }                    @Override          public void onPageScrolled( int arg0, float arg1, int arg2) {}                    @Override          public void onPageScrollStateChanged( int arg0) {}      };                  @Override      public void onClick(View v) {          switch (v.getId()) {          case R.id.id_rb_fst:              mViewPager.setCurrentItem(FIRST_FRAGMENT);              break ;            case R.id.id_rb_snd:              mViewPager.setCurrentItem(SECOND_FRAGMENT);              break ;                        case R.id.id_rb_thd:              mViewPager.setCurrentItem(THIRD_FRAGMENT);              break ;          }      } } </fragment></fragment>