在项目中,都或多或少地使用的Tab布局,所以大都会用到ViewPager+Fragment,但是Fragment有个不好或者太好的地方。例如你在ViewPager中添加了三个Fragment,当加载ViewPager中第一个Fragment时,它会默认帮你预先加载了第二个Fragment,当你加载第二个Fragment时,它会帮你加载第三个Fragment。这样虽然有时很好,但是用户只需看一个Fragment时,我们就做了一些多余工作加载了第二个Fragment。在这只需要取消Fragment的预加载即可,只有当用户切换到某个Fragment才加载..
首先,介绍两个方法void setUserVisibleHint(boolean isVisibleToUser)、boolean getUserVisibleHint(),它们分别用作设置/获得Fragment可见状态,我们可以重写Fragment在其中做判断,代码如下:
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import
android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
public
abstract
class
BaseFragment
extends
Fragment {
/** Fragment当前状态是否可见 */
protected
boolean
isVisible;
@Override
public
void
setUserVisibleHint(
boolean
isVisibleToUser) {
super
.setUserVisibleHint(isVisibleToUser);
if
(getUserVisibleHint()) {
isVisible =
true
;
onVisible();
}
else
{
isVisible =
false
;
onInvisible();
}
}
/**
* 可见
*/
protected
void
onVisible() {
lazyLoad();
}
/**
* 不可见
*/
protected
void
onInvisible() {
}
/**
* 延迟加载
* 子类必须重写此方法
*/
protected
abstract
void
lazyLoad();
}
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在我们的Fragment中,只需要继承这个类,然后重写其中的lazyLoad()方法,当Fragment对用户可见(即用户切换到此Fragment时)我们在lazyLoad()中加载所需数据,详细代码看下面,我写了个假的获取数据线程:
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import
android.os.AsyncTask;
import
android.os.Bundle;
import
android.view.LayoutInflater;
import
android.view.View;
import
android.view.ViewGroup;
import
android.widget.TextView;
public
class
CustomListFragment
extends
BaseFragment {
private
static
final
String FRAGMENT_INDEX = fragment_index;
private
final
int
FIRST_FRAGMENT =
0
;
private
final
int
SECOND_FRAGMENT =
1
;
private
final
int
THIRD_FRAGMENT =
2
;
private
TextView mFragmentView;
private
int
mCurIndex = -
1
;
/** 标志位,标志已经初始化完成 */
private
boolean
isPrepared;
/** 是否已被加载过一次,第二次就不再去请求数据了 */
private
boolean
mHasLoadedOnce;
/**
* 创建新实例
*
* @param index
* @return
*/
public
static
CustomListFragment newInstance(
int
index) {
Bundle bundle =
new
Bundle();
bundle.putInt(FRAGMENT_INDEX, index);
CustomListFragment fragment =
new
CustomListFragment();
fragment.setArguments(bundle);
return
fragment;
}
@Override
public
View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
if
(mFragmentView ==
null
) {
mFragmentView = (TextView) inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment, container,
false
);
//获得索引值
Bundle bundle = getArguments();
if
(bundle !=
null
) {
mCurIndex = bundle.getInt(FRAGMENT_INDEX);
}
isPrepared =
true
;
lazyLoad();
}
//因为共用一个Fragment视图,所以当前这个视图已被加载到Activity中,必须先清除后再加入Activity
ViewGroup parent = (ViewGroup)mFragmentView.getParent();
if
(parent !=
null
) {
parent.removeView(mFragmentView);
}
return
mFragmentView;
}
@Override
protected
void
lazyLoad() {
if
(!isPrepared || !isVisible || mHasLoadedOnce) {
return
;
}
new
AsyncTask<
void
,
boolean
=
""
>() {
@Override
protected
void
onPreExecute() {
super
.onPreExecute();
//显示加载进度对话框
UIHelper.showDialogForLoading(getActivity(), 正在加载...,
true
);
}
@Override
protected
Boolean doInBackground(Void... params) {
try
{
Thread.sleep(
2000
);
//在这里添加调用接口获取数据的代码
//doSomething()
}
catch
(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
true
;
}
@Override
protected
void
onPostExecute(Boolean isSuccess) {
if
(isSuccess) {
// 加载成功
setView();
mHasLoadedOnce =
true
;
}
else
{
// 加载失败
}
//关闭对话框
UIHelper.hideDialogForLoading();
}
}.execute();
}
private
void
setView() {
// 根据索引加载不同视图
switch
(mCurIndex) {
case
FIRST_FRAGMENT:
mFragmentView.setText(第一个);
break
;
case
SECOND_FRAGMENT:
mFragmentView.setText(第二个);
break
;
case
THIRD_FRAGMENT:
mFragmentView.setText(第三个);
break
;
}
}
}</
void
,>
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到这里我们只是写好了Fragment,在FragmentActivity中还需要对ViewPager设置一下,让它每次只加载一个Fragment, ViewPager.setOffscreenPageLimit(int limit) ,其中参数可以设为0或者1,参数小于1时,会默认用1来作为参数,未设置之前,ViewPager会默认加载两个Fragment。所以,我们只需要调用下它,设置下加载Fragment个数即可。
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import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
java.util.List;
import
android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import
android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import
android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import
android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener;
import
android.view.View;
import
android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import
android.widget.RadioButton;
import
android.os.Bundle;
public
class
MainActivity
extends
FragmentActivity
implements
OnClickListener{
private
RadioButton mFstBtn;
private
RadioButton mSndBtn;
private
RadioButton mThdBtn;
private
ViewPager mViewPager;
private
ListFragmentPagerAdapter mPagerAdapter;
private
List<fragment> mFragments =
new
ArrayList<fragment>();
private
final
int
FIRST_FRAGMENT =
0
;
private
final
int
SECOND_FRAGMENT =
1
;
private
final
int
THIRD_FRAGMENT =
2
;
@Override
protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initButton();
initViewPager();
}
/**
* 初始化按钮
*/
private
void
initButton() {
mFstBtn = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.id_rb_fst);
mFstBtn.setOnClickListener(
this
);
mSndBtn = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.id_rb_snd);
mSndBtn.setOnClickListener(
this
);
mThdBtn = (RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.id_rb_thd);
mThdBtn.setOnClickListener(
this
);
}
/**
* 初始化ViewPager控件
*/
private
void
initViewPager() {
mViewPager = (ViewPager)findViewById(R.id.id_vp_viewpager);
//关闭预加载,默认一次只加载一个Fragment
mViewPager.setOffscreenPageLimit(
1
);
//添加Fragment
mFragments.add(CustomListFragment.newInstance(FIRST_FRAGMENT));
mFragments.add(CustomListFragment.newInstance(SECOND_FRAGMENT));
mFragments.add(CustomListFragment.newInstance(THIRD_FRAGMENT));
//适配器
mPagerAdapter =
new
ListFragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(), mFragments);
mViewPager.setAdapter(mPagerAdapter);
mViewPager.setOnPageChangeListener(onPageChangeListener);
}
private
OnPageChangeListener onPageChangeListener =
new
OnPageChangeListener() {
@Override
public
void
onPageSelected(
int
position) {
//根据用户选中的按钮修改按钮样式
switch
(position) {
case
FIRST_FRAGMENT:
mFstBtn.setChecked(
true
);
mSndBtn.setChecked(
false
);
mThdBtn.setChecked(
false
);
break
;
case
SECOND_FRAGMENT:
mFstBtn.setChecked(
false
);
mSndBtn.setChecked(
true
);
mThdBtn.setChecked(
false
);
break
;
case
THIRD_FRAGMENT:
mFstBtn.setChecked(
false
);
mSndBtn.setChecked(
false
);
mThdBtn.setChecked(
true
);
break
;
}
}
@Override
public
void
onPageScrolled(
int
arg0,
float
arg1,
int
arg2) {}
@Override
public
void
onPageScrollStateChanged(
int
arg0) {}
};
@Override
public
void
onClick(View v) {
switch
(v.getId()) {
case
R.id.id_rb_fst:
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(FIRST_FRAGMENT);
break
;
case
R.id.id_rb_snd:
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(SECOND_FRAGMENT);
break
;
case
R.id.id_rb_thd:
mViewPager.setCurrentItem(THIRD_FRAGMENT);
break
;
}
}
}
</fragment></fragment>
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