netty初步

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-01 20:17:32 发布

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netty是java的高性能socket框架，linux下基epoll，这里不对他多牛逼作分析，网上资料很多，这里针对一般socket的业务作个例子

几个基本概念：

　　channel类似于socket句柄的抽象
　　pipeline是每个socket里面的eventHandler的处理响应链

每个socket（channel）绑定一个pipeline，，每个pipeline绑定若干个handler，netty里面的handler，专门用来处理和业务有关的东西，handler有upHandler和downHandler，down用来处理发包，up用来处理收包，大概的示例图看这里

注意上面的123的顺序，很重要，在netty里面，处理顺序如图，对于up类的收包处理，最靠近收包层的顺序越靠前；对于down类的包处理，最靠近收包层的顺序越靠后

还有一些encoder和decoder，encoder用来在发包之前进行加密，decoder在收包以后进行解码，然后业务数据跳到事件处理流程。

下面具体上代码，版本是netty3.6

MessageClientHandler.java

 1 package com.netty.test.client;
 2 
 3 import java.util.logging.Level;
 4 import java.util.logging.Logger;
 5 
 6 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 7 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelStateEvent;
 8 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
 9 import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
10 import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler;
11 
12 public class MessageClientHandler extends SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler {
13  
14     private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
15             MessageClientHandler.class.getName());
16  
17  
18     @Override
19     public void channelConnected(
20             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelStateEvent e) {
21         String message = "hello kafka0102";
22         e.getChannel().write(message);
23     }
24  
25     @Override
26     public void messageReceived(
27             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) {
28         // Send back the received message to the remote peer.
29         System.err.println("client messageReceived send message "+e.getMessage());
30         try {
31             Thread.sleep(1000*3);
32         } catch (Exception ex) {
33             ex.printStackTrace();
34         }
35         e.getChannel().write(e.getMessage());
36     }
37  
38     @Override
39     public void exceptionCaught(
40             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) {
41         // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
42         logger.log(
43                 Level.WARNING,
44                 "Unexpected exception from downstream.",
45                 e.getCause());
46         e.getChannel().close();
47     }
48 }

MessageDecoder.java

 1 package com.netty.test.client;
 2 import org.jboss.netty.buffer.ChannelBuffer;
 3 import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel;
 4 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.frame.FrameDecoder;
 6 
 7 public class MessageDecoder extends FrameDecoder {
 8  
 9     @Override
10     protected Object decode(
11             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Channel channel, ChannelBuffer buffer) throws Exception {
12         if (buffer.readableBytes() < 4) {
13             return null;//(1)
14         }
15         int dataLength = buffer.getInt(buffer.readerIndex());
16         if (buffer.readableBytes() < dataLength + 4) {
17             return null;//(2)
18         }
19  
20         buffer.skipBytes(4);//(3)
21         byte[] decoded = new byte[dataLength];
22         buffer.readBytes(decoded);
23         String msg = new String(decoded);//(4)
24         return msg;
25     }
26 }

MessageEncoder.java

 1 package com.netty.test.client;
 2 import org.jboss.netty.buffer.ChannelBuffer;
 3 import org.jboss.netty.buffer.ChannelBuffers;
 4 import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 6 import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.oneone.OneToOneEncoder;
 7 
 8 public class MessageEncoder extends OneToOneEncoder {
 9  
10     @Override
11     protected Object encode(
12             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Channel channel, Object msg) throws Exception {
13         if (!(msg instanceof String)) {
14             return msg;//(1)
15         }
16  
17         String res = (String)msg;
18         byte[] data = res.getBytes();
19         int dataLength = data.length;
20         ChannelBuffer buf = ChannelBuffers.dynamicBuffer();//(2)
21         buf.writeInt(dataLength);
22         buf.writeBytes(data);
23         return buf;//(3)
24     }
25 }

用来测试的TestClientDownHandlerA.java

 1 package com.netty.test.client;
 2 
 3 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelEvent;
 4 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelDownstreamHandler;
 6 
 7 public class TestClientDownHandlerA extends SimpleChannelDownstreamHandler {
 8      
 9     public void handleDownstream(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelEvent e)
10             throws Exception {
11         System.err.println("test client Down handlerA ");
12         
13         super.handleDownstream(ctx, e);
14     }
15 }

用来测试的TestClientDownHandlerB.java

 1 package com.netty.test.client;
 2 
 3 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelEvent;
 4 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelDownstreamHandler;
 6 
 7 public class TestClientDownHandlerB extends SimpleChannelDownstreamHandler {
 8      
 9     public void handleDownstream(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ChannelEvent e)
10             throws Exception {
11         System.err.println("test client Down handlerB ");
12         
13         super.handleDownstream(ctx, e);
14     }
15 }

MessageClientPipelineFactory.java

 1 package com.netty.test.client;
 2 
 3 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 4 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels;
 6 
 7 import com.netty.test.client.MessageDecoder;
 8 import com.netty.test.client.MessageEncoder;
 9 
10 public class MessageClientPipelineFactory implements ChannelPipelineFactory {
11 
12     public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
13         ChannelPipeline pipeline = Channels.pipeline();
14         
15         pipeline.addLast("decoder", new MessageDecoder());
16         pipeline.addLast("encoder", new MessageEncoder());
17         pipeline.addLast("handler", new MessageClientHandler());
18 
19         pipeline.addFirst("testClientDownHandlerA", new TestClientDownHandlerA());
20         pipeline.addFirst("testClientDownHandlerB", new TestClientDownHandlerB());
21         
22         return pipeline;
23     }
24 }

MessageClient.java

 1 package com.netty.test.client;
 2 
 3 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 4 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.bootstrap.ClientBootstrap;
 6 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
 7 import org.jboss.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioClientSocketChannelFactory;
 8 
 9 public class MessageClient {
10  
11     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
12         // Parse options.
13         String host = "127.0.0.1";
14         int port = 8888;
15         // Configure the client.
16         ClientBootstrap bootstrap = new ClientBootstrap(
17                 new NioClientSocketChannelFactory(
18                         Executors.newCachedThreadPool(),
19                         Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));
20         // Set up the event pipeline factory.
21         bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new MessageClientPipelineFactory());
22         // Start the connection attempt.
23         ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect(new InetSocketAddress(host, port));
24         // Wait until the connection is closed or the connection attempt fails.
25         future.getChannel().getCloseFuture().awaitUninterruptibly();
26         // Shut down thread pools to exit.
27         bootstrap.releaseExternalResources();
28     }
29 }

客户端代码完成

以下为服务端测试代码

MessageDecoder和Messagencoder照抄，这个都是一样的

MessageServerHandler.java

 1 package com.netty.test.server;
 2 import java.util.logging.Level;
 3 import java.util.logging.Logger;
 4 
 5 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 6 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
 7 import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
 8 import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler;
 9 
10 public class MessageServerHandler extends SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler {
11  
12     private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(
13             MessageServerHandler.class.getName());
14  
15     @Override
16     public void messageReceived(
17             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) {
18         if (!(e.getMessage() instanceof String)) {
19             return;//(1)
20         }
21         String msg = (String) e.getMessage();
22         System.err.println("got msg:"+msg);
23         e.getChannel().write(msg);//(2)
24     }
25  
26     @Override
27     public void exceptionCaught(
28             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) {
29         logger.log(
30                 Level.WARNING,
31                 "Unexpected exception from downstream.",
32                 e.getCause());
33         e.getChannel().close();
34     }
35 }

TestServerUpHandlerA.java

 1 package com.netty.test.server;
 2 
 3 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 4 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
 6 import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler;
 7 
 8 public class TestServerUpHandlerA extends SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler {
 9      
10     @Override
11     public void messageReceived(
12             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) {
13         // Send back the received message to the remote peer.
14         System.err.println("server test upHandlerA get message "+e.getMessage());
15 
16         try {
17             super.messageReceived(ctx, e);
18         } catch (Exception e1) {
19             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
20             e1.printStackTrace();
21         }
22     }
23  
24     @Override
25     public void exceptionCaught(
26             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) {
27 
28         e.getChannel().close();
29     }
30 }

TestServerUpHandlerB.java

 1 package com.netty.test.server;
 2 
 3 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 4 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
 6 import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler;
 7 
 8 public class TestServerUpHandlerB extends SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler {
 9      
10     @Override
11     public void messageReceived(
12             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) {
13         // Send back the received message to the remote peer.
14         System.err.println("server test upHandlerB get message "+e.getMessage());
15 
16         try {
17             super.messageReceived(ctx, e);
18         } catch (Exception e1) {
19             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
20             e1.printStackTrace();
21         }
22     }
23  
24     @Override
25     public void exceptionCaught(
26             ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) {
27 
28         e.getChannel().close();
29     }
30 }

MessageServerPipelineFactory.java

 1 package com.netty.test.server;
 2 
 3 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
 4 import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelPipelineFactory;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channels;
 6 
 7 public class MessageServerPipelineFactory implements
 8         ChannelPipelineFactory {
 9  
10     public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
11         ChannelPipeline pipeline = Channels.pipeline();
12  
13         pipeline.addLast("decoder", new MessageDecoder());
14         pipeline.addLast("encoder", new MessageEncoder());
15         pipeline.addLast("handler", new MessageServerHandler());
16         
17 //        pipeline.addFirst("testServerUpHandlerA", new TestServerUpHandlerA());
18 //        pipeline.addFirst("testServerUpHandlerB", new TestServerUpHandlerB());
19         
20         return pipeline;
21     }
22 }

MessageServer.java

 1 package com.netty.test.server;
 2 
 3 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 4 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 5 import org.jboss.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
 6 import org.jboss.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannelFactory;
 7 
 8 public class MessageServer {
 9  
10     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
11         // Configure the server.
12         ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(
13                 new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(
14                         Executors.newCachedThreadPool(),
15                         Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));
16  
17         // Set up the default event pipeline.
18         bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new MessageServerPipelineFactory());
19  
20         // Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
21         bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8888));
22     }
23 }