SQL Server 中登录账号与用户权限迁移

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-06 16:26:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-06 16:26:00 发布

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分类专栏： sqlserver

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/kk185800961/article/details/43309883/

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1. 先创建一个SqlServer身份验证的登录名，并映射到数据库中。

如：创建用户 [kk] 映射到数据库 [mytest]，此时数据库 [mytest]会增加一个用户 [kk]

2. 此时再删除登录名 [kk]，删除后，数据库[mytest]将存在一个孤立用户 [kk]

3. 查看当前数据库中是否存在孤立用户

use mytest;
exec sp_change_users_login @Action='Report';

4. 对于孤立用户，有两种情况：

a 不知道这些数据库用户之前的登录名或记不清楚数据库来源

b 对于数据库迁移一种情况，先迁移数据库，再迁移登录账号

第一种情况：

--	创建登录名
use master;
create login [kk] with password = '123456';
go
 
--	对孤立用户连接到现有的登录名
use mytest;
exec sp_change_users_login 
	@action='update_one', 
	@usernamepattern='kk', --数据库孤立用户
	@loginname='kk'; --关联到sql server登录名
go
 
--	也可以再次修改密码
use master 
go
sp_password @old=null, @new='654321', @loginame='kk';
go

第二种情况：

在原数据库中创建存储过程：

USE master
GO
IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_hexadecimal') IS NOT NULL
  DROP PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
    @binvalue varbinary(256),
    @hexvalue varchar (514) OUTPUT
AS
DECLARE @charvalue varchar (514)
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @length int
DECLARE @hexstring char(16)
SELECT @charvalue = '0x'
SELECT @i = 1
SELECT @length = DATALENGTH (@binvalue)
SELECT @hexstring = '0123456789ABCDEF'
WHILE (@i <= @length)
BEGIN
  DECLARE @tempint int
  DECLARE @firstint int
  DECLARE @secondint int
  SELECT @tempint = CONVERT(int, SUBSTRING(@binvalue,@i,1))
  SELECT @firstint = FLOOR(@tempint/16)
  SELECT @secondint = @tempint - (@firstint*16)
  SELECT @charvalue = @charvalue +
    SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @firstint+1, 1) +
    SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @secondint+1, 1)
  SELECT @i = @i + 1
END
 
SELECT @hexvalue = @charvalue
GO
 
IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_help_revlogin') IS NOT NULL
  DROP PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin @login_name sysname = NULL AS
DECLARE @name sysname
DECLARE @type varchar (1)
DECLARE @hasaccess int
DECLARE @denylogin int
DECLARE @is_disabled int
DECLARE @PWD_varbinary  varbinary (256)
DECLARE @PWD_string  varchar (514)
DECLARE @SID_varbinary varbinary (85)
DECLARE @SID_string varchar (514)
DECLARE @tmpstr  varchar (1024)
DECLARE @is_policy_checked varchar (3)
DECLARE @is_expiration_checked varchar (3)
 
DECLARE @defaultdb sysname
 
IF (@login_name IS NULL)
  DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR
 
      SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
      ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name <> 'sa'
ELSE
  DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR
 
 
      SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
      ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name = @login_name
OPEN login_curs
 
FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
IF (@@fetch_status = -1)
BEGIN
  PRINT 'No login(s) found.'
  CLOSE login_curs
  DEALLOCATE login_curs
  RETURN -1
END
SET @tmpstr = '/* sp_help_revlogin script '
PRINT @tmpstr
SET @tmpstr = '** Generated ' + CONVERT (varchar, GETDATE()) + ' on ' + @@SERVERNAME + ' */'
PRINT @tmpstr
PRINT ''
WHILE (@@fetch_status <> -1)
BEGIN
  IF (@@fetch_status <> -2)
  BEGIN
    PRINT ''
    SET @tmpstr = '-- Login: ' + @name
    PRINT @tmpstr
    IF (@type IN ( 'G', 'U'))
    BEGIN -- NT authenticated account/group
 
      SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' FROM WINDOWS WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'
    END
    ELSE BEGIN -- SQL Server authentication
        -- obtain password and sid
            SET @PWD_varbinary = CAST( LOGINPROPERTY( @name, 'PasswordHash' ) AS varbinary (256) )
        EXEC sp_hexadecimal @PWD_varbinary, @PWD_string OUT
        EXEC sp_hexadecimal @SID_varbinary,@SID_string OUT
 
        -- obtain password policy state
        SELECT @is_policy_checked = CASE is_policy_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
        SELECT @is_expiration_checked = CASE is_expiration_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
 
            SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' WITH PASSWORD = ' + @PWD_string + ' HASHED, SID = ' + @SID_string + ', DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'
 
        IF ( @is_policy_checked IS NOT NULL )
        BEGIN
          SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_POLICY = ' + @is_policy_checked
        END
        IF ( @is_expiration_checked IS NOT NULL )
        BEGIN
          SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_EXPIRATION = ' + @is_expiration_checked
        END
    END
    IF (@denylogin = 1)
    BEGIN -- login is denied access
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; DENY CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
    END
    ELSE IF (@hasaccess = 0)
    BEGIN -- login exists but does not have access
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; REVOKE CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
    END
    IF (@is_disabled = 1)
    BEGIN -- login is disabled
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; ALTER LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' DISABLE'
    END
    PRINT @tmpstr
  END
 
  FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
   END
CLOSE login_curs
DEALLOCATE login_curs
RETURN 0
GO

执行存储过程，将生成登录名的创建脚本

EXEC sp_help_revlogin

将脚本拷贝到当前数据库孤立用户的服务器中执行

CREATE LOGIN [kk] 
WITH 
PASSWORD = 0x0100FDBC7416947C56E903E945B5DF891643064BB7D16381577F HASHED, 
SID = 0xAE142AE3C75E9341B106B9BAA60BB0CC, 
DEFAULT_DATABASE = [mytest], 
CHECK_POLICY = OFF, 
CHECK_EXPIRATION = OFF

这时，在原数据库执行以下脚本，拷贝脚本到新的数据库中执行，将权限还原

（授予数据库孤立用户权限或者其他所有用户的权限都“迁移”过来）

--	更改【此用户拥有的架构】
select s.name,p.name,'ALTER AUTHORIZATION ON SCHEMA::['+s.name+'] TO ['+p.name+']'
from sys.schemas s inner join sys.database_principals p on s.principal_id=p.principal_id
where s.name <> p.name
 
 
--	授予【数据库角色成员身份】权限
SELECT 'exec sp_addrolemember N'''+g.name+''', N'''+u.name+''''
FROM sys.database_principals u
inner join sys.database_role_members m on u.principal_id = m.member_principal_id
inner join sys.database_principals g on g.principal_id = m.role_principal_id
ORDER BY g.name,u.name
 
 
--	授予【安全对象】权限
SELECT N'grant '+B.permission_name  collate chinese_prc_ci_ai_ws+N' on ['+A.name+N'] to ['+C.name+N']'
FROM sys.sysobjects A(NOLOCK) 
INNER JOIN sys.database_permissions B(NOLOCK) ON A.id=B.major_id 
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals C(NOLOCK) ON B.grantee_principal_id=C.principal_id
--WHERE C.name='kk' --A.name='objectName'

--	程序集权限查询及授予
SELECT * FROM sys.types WHERE is_user_defined=1
SELECT * FROM sys.table_types
 
SELECT pms.state_desc,pms.permission_name,pms.class_desc,stt.name,tt.name,psp.name
,pms.state_desc+' '+pms.permission_name+' ON '+class_desc+'::['+stt.name+'].['+tt.name+'] TO ['+psp.name+']'
collate Chinese_PRC_Stroke_CI_AS  
FROM sys.table_types AS tt
INNER JOIN sys.schemas AS stt ON stt.schema_id = tt.schema_id
INNER JOIN sys.database_permissions AS pms ON pms.major_id=tt.user_type_id
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals AS psp ON psp.principal_id = pms.grantee_principal_id
WHERE pms.class=6 AND pms.minor_id=0 AND pms.state = 'G'

至此，完成账号迁移，步骤如下：

1 数据库迁移，产生孤立用户

2 登录账号迁移，关联孤立用户

3 数据库用户权限迁移，所有操作权限重新授予