Java中GridBagLayout的使用

GridBagLayout的使用：是java中最有弹性但也是最复杂的一种版面管理器。它只有一种构造函数，但必须配合
GridBagConstraints才能达到设置的效果。
GridBagLayout的类层次结构图：
java.lang.Object
--java.awt.GridBagLayout
构造函数：
GirdBagLayout()建立一个新的GridBagLayout管理器。
GridBagConstraints()建立一个新的GridBagConstraints对象。
GridBagConstraints(int gridx,int gridy,int gridwidth,int gridheight,double weightx,double weighty,
int anchor,int fill, Insets insets,int ipadx,int ipady)建立一个新的GridBagConstraints对象
，并指定其参数的值。
参数说明:
gridx,gridy:设置组件的位置，gridx设置为GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE代表此组件位于之前所加入组件的右边。
若将gridy设置为GridBagConstraints.RELATIVE代表此组件位于以前所加入组件的下面。建议定义出
gridx,gridy的位置，以便以后维护程序。表示放在几行几列，gridx=0,gridy=0时放在0行0列。

gridwidth,gridheight:用来设置组件所占的单位长度与高度，默认值皆为1。你可以使用GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER常
量，代表此组件为此行或此列的最后一个组件，而且会占据所有剩余的空间。

weightx,weighty:用来设置窗口变大时，各组件跟着变大的比例，当数字越大，表示组件能得到更多的空间，默认值皆为0。
anchor: 当组件空间大于组件本身时，要将组件置于何处，有CENTER(默认值)、NORTH、NORTHEAST、EAST、SOUTHEAST、
WEST、NORTHWEST可供选择。
insets:设置组件之间彼此的间距，它有四个参数，分别是上，左，下，右，默认为(0,0,0,0).
ipadx,ipady:设置组件内的间距，默认值为0。 
我们以前提过，GridBagLayout里的各种设置都必须通过GridBagConstraints,因此当我们将GridBagConstraints的参数都设置
好了之后，必须new一个GridBagConstraints的对象出来，以便GridBagLayout使用。
例子：
GridBagLayoutDemo.java

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class GridBagLayoutDemo{
public GridBagLayoutDemo(){
JButton b;
GridBagConstraints c;
int gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight,anchor,fill,ipadx,ipady;
double weightx,weighty;
Insets inset;

JFrame f=new JFrame();

GridBagLayout gridbag=new GridBagLayout();
Container contentPane=f.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(gridbag);

b=new JButton("first");
gridx=0;
gridy=0;
gridwidth=1;
gridheight=1;
weightx=10;
weighty=1;
anchor=GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill=GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset=new Insets(0,0,0,0);
ipadx=0;
ipady=0;
c=new GridBagConstraints(gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight,weightx,weighty,anchor,
fill,inset,ipadx,ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b,c);
contentPane.add(b);


b=new JButton("second");
gridx=1;
gridy=0;
gridwidth=2;
gridheight=1;
weightx=1;
weighty=1;
anchor=GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill=GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset=new Insets(0,0,0,0);
ipadx=50;
ipady=0;
c=new GridBagConstraints(gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight,weightx,weighty,anchor,
fill,inset,ipadx,ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b,c);
contentPane.add(b);

b=new JButton("third");
gridx=0;
gridy=1;
gridwidth=1;
gridheight=1;
weightx=1;
weighty=1;
anchor=GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill=GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset=new Insets(0,0,0,0);
ipadx=0;
ipady=50;
c=new GridBagConstraints(gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight,weightx,weighty,anchor,
fill,inset,ipadx,ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b,c);
contentPane.add(b);

b=new JButton("fourth");
gridx=1;
gridy=1;
gridwidth=1;
gridheight=1;
weightx=1;
weighty=1;
anchor=GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill=GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset=new Insets(0,0,0,0);
ipadx=0;
ipady=0;
c=new GridBagConstraints(gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight,weightx,weighty,anchor,
fill,inset,ipadx,ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b,c);
contentPane.add(b);

b=new JButton("This is the last button");
gridx=2;
gridy=1;
gridwidth=1;
gridheight=2;
weightx=1;
weighty=1;
anchor=GridBagConstraints.CENTER;
fill=GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
inset=new Insets(0,0,0,0);
ipadx=0;
ipady=50;
c=new GridBagConstraints(gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight,weightx,weighty,anchor,
fill,inset,ipadx,ipady);
gridbag.setConstraints(b,c);
contentPane.add(b);

f.setTitle("GridBagLayout");
f.pack();
f.setVisible(true);
f.addWindowListener(
new WindowAdapter(){
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){
System.exit(0);
}
}
); 
}
public static void main(String[] args){
new GridBagLayoutDemo();
}
}