#include <iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string a;
cout << a.empty() << endl;
cout << a << endl;
cout << a.length() << endl;
a.append("abc");
cout << a << endl;
string b("bcde");
string c = "123";
b.swap(c);
cout << "b = " << b << endl;
cout << "c = " << c << endl;
cout << a.compare(b) << endl;
cout << a.empty() << endl;
return 0;
}