孔浩Spring mvc 笔记

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-24 22:10:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-02-24 22:10:53 发布

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分类专栏： Spring 文章标签： spring mvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/estelle_belle/article/details/38425079

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Spring mvc 配置：

Web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
         <servlet>
                   <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
                   <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
                   <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
         </servlet>
         <servlet-mapping>
                   <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
                   <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
         </servlet-mapping>
        
         <filter>
                   <filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
                   <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
                   <init-param>
                            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
                   </init-param>
         </filter>
         <filter-mapping>
                   <filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>
                   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
         </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

Hello-servlet.xml

(名称必须与web.xm文件中的servlet-name相同，放到web-inf下)

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
         xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
        
         <context:component-scanbase-package="zttc.itat.controller"/>
         <mvc:annotation-driven/>
         <!--将静态文件指定到某个特殊的文件夹中统一处理 -->
         <mvc:resourceslocation="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>
         <beanname="/welcome.html"class="zttc.itat.controller.WelcomeController"></bean>
        
         <beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
                   <propertyname="viewClass"value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
                   <propertyname="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
                   <propertyname="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
         </bean>
        
         <!--设置multipartResolver才能完成文件上传 -->
         <beanid="multipartResolver"class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
                   <propertyname="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"></property>
         </bean>
        
         <beanid="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
                   <propertyname="exceptionMappings">
                            <props>
                                     <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>
                            </props>
                   </property>
         </bean>
</beans>

UserController .java

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    private Map<String, User> users = new HashMap<String, User>();
    public UserController() {
        users.put("sdy",new User("sdy","123","宋冬野","sdy@qq.com"));
        users.put("ldh",new User("ldh","123","刘德华","ldh@qq.com"));
        users.put("gfc",new User("gfc","123","郭富城","gfc@qq.com"));
        users.put("lm",new User("lm","123","黎明","lm@qq.com"));
        users.put("zxy",new User("zxy","123","张学友","zxy@qq.com"));
    }
    //列表页面
    @RequestMapping(value = "/users",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String list(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("users", users);
        return "user/list";
    }
    //添加用户页面
    @RequestMapping(value = "/add",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String add(Model model){
        //开启ModelDriven
        model.addAttribute(new User());
        return "user/add";
    }
    //添加用户
    @RequestMapping(value = "/add",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String add(@Validated User user,BindingResult br, @RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[] attachs, HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {
        if(br.hasErrors()){
            //如果有错误直接调整到add视图
            return "user/add";
        }
        //System.out.println(attach.getName() + "," + attach.getOriginalFilename() + "," + attach.getContentType());
        String realPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");
        System.out.println(realPath);
        for(MultipartFile attach : attachs){
            if(attach.isEmpty()) continue;
            File f = new File(realPath + "/" + attach.getOriginalFilename());
            FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(), f);
        }
        users.put(user.getUsername(), user);
        return "redirect:users";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String show(@PathVariable String username, Model model){
        model.addAttribute(users.get(username));
        return "user/show";
    }

//    @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}",method = RequestMethod.GET,params = "json")
//    @ResponseBody
//    public User show(@PathVariable String username){
//        return users.get(username);
//
//    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/{username}",method=RequestMethod.GET,params="json")
    @ResponseBody
    public User show(@PathVariable String username) {
        return users.get(username);
    }
    @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/update",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String update(@PathVariable String username, Model model){
        model.addAttribute(users.get(username));
        return "user/update";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/update",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String update(@PathVariable String username, User user, BindingResult br){
        if(br.hasErrors()){
            //如果有错误直接调整到add视图
            return "user/update";
        }
        users.put(username, user);
        return "redirect:/user/users";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/delete",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String delete(@PathVariable String username){
        users.remove(username);
        return "redirect:/user/users";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String login(String username, String password, HttpSession session){
        if(!users.containsKey(username)){
            throw new UserException("用户名不存在！");
        }
        User user = users.get(username);
        if(!user.getPassword().equals(password)){
            throw new UserException("密码错误！");
        }
        session.setAttribute("user", user);
        return "redirect:/user/users";
    }

/*    @ExceptionHandler(value ={UserException.class})
    public String handlerException(UserException e, HttpServletRequest req){
        req.setAttribute("e", e);
        return "error";
    }*/
}

Rest风格

/user_show?id=120
/user/120 
/user_delete?id=123
/user/123/delete 
/user_updateInput?id=123
/user/123/update
 /user_list
/users
/user/users 
REST的风格不等于使用了REST技术
GET，POST，PUT，DELETE
 topic/23/delete

使用hibernate+spring+springmvc完整的实现一个用户管理系统

dao-->service-->controller

增加分页，增加sitemesh

/**
 * 局部异常处理,仅仅只能处理这个控制器中的异常
 */
@ExceptionHandler(value={UserException.class})
public StringhandlerException(UserException e,HttpServletRequest req) {
         req.setAttribute("e",e);
         return"error";
} 
全局异常处理 
<bean id="exceptionResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
         <propertyname="exceptionMappings">
                   <props>
                            <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>
                   </props>
         </property>
</bean>

<!-- 将静态文件指定到某个特殊的文件夹中统一处理-->
<mvc:resourceslocation="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>

Spring mvc 文文件上传

1,UserController.java

//在具体添加用户时，是post请求，就访问以下代码
@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String add(@Validated Useruser,BindingResult br,@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]attachs,HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {//一定要紧跟Validate之后写验证结果类
         if(br.hasErrors()){
                   //如果有错误直接跳转到add视图
                   return"user/add";
         }
         Stringrealpath =req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");
         System.out.println(realpath);
         for(MultipartFileattach:attachs) {
                   if(attach.isEmpty())continue;
                   Filef = new File(realpath+"/"+attach.getOriginalFilename());
                   FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(),f);
         }
         users.put(user.getUsername(),user);
         return"redirect:/user/users";
}

2,Hello-servlet.xml

 <!-- 设置multipartResolver才能完成文件上传-->
<bean id="multipartResolver"class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
         <propertyname="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"></property>
</bean>

3,jsp

<!-- 此时没有写action,直接提交会提交给/add-->
<sf:form method="post"modelAttribute="user" enctype="multipart/form-data">
         Username:<sf:inputpath="username"/><sf:errorspath="username"/><br/>
         Password:<sf:passwordpath="password"/><sf:errorspath="password"/><br/>
         Nickname:<sf:inputpath="nickname"/><br/>
         Email:<sf:inputpath="email"/><sf:errors path="email"/><br/>
         Attach:<inputtype="file" name="attachs"/><br/>         <input type="file"name="attachs"/><br/>    <inputtype="file" name="attachs"/><br/>
         <inputtype="submit" value="添加用户"/>
</sf:form>

Sitemesh:

步骤：

1，定义相应的模板文件（main.jsp）

2，编写装饰器文件，说明哪些页面要引入模板

decorators.xml:

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<decoratorsdefaultdir="/WEB-INF/decorators">
    <!-- Any urls that are excluded willnever be decorated by Sitemesh -->
    <excludes>
       <pattern>/exclude.jsp</pattern>
       <pattern>/exclude/*</pattern>
    </excludes> 
    <decorator name="main"page="main.jsp">
        <pattern>/*</pattern>
    </decorator>
</decorators>

3，在web.xml中开启sitemesh的过滤器

<filter>
         <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
         <filter-class>com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

Spring mvc总结：

1,在xml中配置DispatcherServlet

2,在web-inf下配置：xxx-servlet.xml

3,异常处理分局部异常处理(handlerException方法)，和全局异常处理（配置xxx-servlet：SimpleMappingExceptionResolver）

异常处理(handlerException方法示例： 
/**
 * 局部异常处理,仅仅只能处理这个控制器中的异常
 */
@ExceptionHandler(value={UserException.class})
public StringhandlerException(UserException e,HttpServletRequest req) {
         req.setAttribute("e",e);
         return"error";
}
 
全局异常处理示例：
<bean id="exceptionResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
         <propertyname="exceptionMappings">
                   <props>
                            <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>
                   </props>
         </property>
</bean>

4,页面传值到Controller可以用方法的参数直接接收，或者用@PathVariable接收：

@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Stringshow(@PathVariable int id, Model model){}

5,从Controller传值到页面可以从方法参数注入session,request,或者用Model,ModelMap

6,上传文件可以直接在方法参数中加：

@RequestParam("attach")MultipartFile    //上传一个文件，file input的名称为attach
@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]  //上传一组文件，file input的名称都为attachs

Spring mvc上传文件示例：

@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String add(@Validated Useruser,BindingResult br,@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]attachs,HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {//一定要紧跟Validate之后写验证结果类
         if(br.hasErrors()){
                   //如果有错误直接跳转到add视图
                   return"user/add";
         }
         Stringrealpath =req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");
         System.out.println(realpath);
         for(MultipartFileattach:attachs) {
                   if(attach.isEmpty())continue;
                   Filef = new File(realpath+"/"+attach.getOriginalFilename());
                   FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(),f);
         }
         users.put(user.getUsername(),user);
         return"redirect:/user/users";
}

7,spring mvc方法返回json对象示例：

导入json包：jackson-all-1.9.4.jar

@RequestMapping(value="/{username}",method=RequestMethod.GET,params="json")
@ResponseBody
public User show(@PathVariable Stringusername) {
         returnusers.get(username);
}