树结构同时集成了数组查找迅速和链表添删迅速的优点。先来看看普通的搜索二叉树的实现:
package com.wly.algorithmbase.datastructure;
/**
* 二叉搜索树
* @author wly
*/
public class BinaryTree {
private static BTreeNode root;
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinaryTree tree = new BinaryTree();
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(11, 23));
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(6, 12));
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(16, 51));
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(3, 32));
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(9, 42));
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(14, 52));
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(19, 62));
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(13, 72));
tree.insert(new BTreeNode(12, 82));
tree.find(2);
tree.print(root);
tree.delete(11);
tree.print(root);
}
/**
* 插入节点
* 关键在于缓存当前节点,检查当前节点的子节点
*/
public void insert(BTreeNode node) {
if(root == null) {
root = node;
} else {
BTreeNode currentNode = root;
BTreeNode parent;
while(true) {
parent = currentNode;
if(node.getKey() < currentNode.getKey()) {
currentNode = currentNode.getLeft();
if(currentNode == null) {
parent.setLeft(node);
return;
}
} else {
currentNode = currentNode.getRight();
if(currentNode == null) {
parent.setRight(node);
return;
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* 根据关键字查找
*/
public BTreeNode find(int key) {
BTreeNode current = root;
while(true) {
if(current == null) {
System.out.println("未查找到key=" + key + "的节点");
return null;
} else {
if(current.getKey() > key) {
current = current.getLeft();
} else if(current.getKey() < key) {
current = current.getRight();
} else {
System.out.println("查找到key=" + key + ",data=" + current.getData() + "的节点");
return current;
}
}
}
}
/**
* 根据key值删除节点,删除的成功与否取决于是否存在该节点
* @param key
* @return true删除成功,false删除失败
*/
public boolean delete(int key) {
BTreeNode deleteNode = find(key);
if(deleteNode == null) {
System.out.println("未查找到key=" + key + "的节点,无法进行删除");
return false;
} else {
removeFromTree(deleteNode);
System.out.println("成功删除key=" + key + "的节点");
return true;
}
}
/**
* 将自身从树中移除
*/
public void removeFromTree(BTreeNode node) {
//1.自身不包含子节点
if(node.getLeft() == null && node.getRight() == null) {
if(node.isLeft) {
node.getParent().setLeft(null);
} else {
node.getParent().setRight(null);
}
}
//2.包含一个子节点
if(node.getLeft() != null && node.getRight() == null) {
if(node.isLeft) {
node.getParent().setLeft(node.getLeft());
} else {
node.getParent().setRight(node.getLeft());
}
} else if(node.getLeft() == null && node.getRight() != null) {
if(node.isLeft) {
node.getParent().setLeft(node.getRight());
} else {
node.getParent().setRight(node.getRight());
}
}
//3.包含两个子节点
//查找后继节点
BTreeNode successorNode = node.getSuccessor(node);
//从树种移除该后继节点
if(successorNode.getParent() != null) {
if(successorNode.isLeft) {
successorNode.getParent().setLeft(null);
} else {
successorNode.getParent().setRight(null);
}
}
successorNode.setLeft(node.getLeft());
successorNode.setRight(node.getRight());
//从树中移除待删除节点,并用后继节点替换
if(node.getParent() != null) {
if(node.isLeft) {
node.getParent().setLeft(successorNode);
} else {
node.getParent().setRight(successorNode);
}
} else {
root = successorNode;
}
}
/**
* 打印树结构
*/
public void print(BTreeNode node) {
if(node != null) {
System.out.print(node.getKey() + "|" + node.getData());
System.out.println();
}
if(node.getLeft() != null) {
print(node.getLeft());
}
if(node.getRight() != null) {
print(node.getRight());
}
}
}
/**
* 节点类
* @author wly
*
*/
class BTreeNode {
private BTreeNode left;
private BTreeNode right;
private BTreeNode parent;
boolean isLeft; //是左子节点吗,否则就是右子节点
int key; //检索关键字
int data; //包含的数据对象
public BTreeNode() {
super();
}
public BTreeNode(int key, int data) {
super();
this.key = key;
this.data = data;
}
public BTreeNode getLeft() {
return left;
}
public void setLeft(BTreeNode left) {
this.left = left;
if(left != null) {
left.parent = this;
left.isLeft = true;
}
}
public BTreeNode getRight() {
return right;
}
public void setRight(BTreeNode right) {
this.right = right;
if(right != null) {
right.parent = this;
right.isLeft = false;
}
}
public BTreeNode getParent() {
return parent;
}
public void setParent(BTreeNode parent) {
this.parent = parent;
}
public int getKey() {
return key;
}
public void setKey(int key) {
this.key = key;
}
public int getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(int data) {
this.data = data;
}
/**
* 返回指定节点的后继节点(即大于指定节点的最小节点)
* @param node
* @return
*/
public BTreeNode getSuccessor(BTreeNode node) {
BTreeNode result = node.getRight(); //先取得右节点
if(result == null) {
return null;
} else {
while(result.getLeft() != null) {
result = result.getLeft();
}
}
return result;
}
}
运行结果:
未查找到key=2的节点
11|23
6|12
3|32
9|42
16|51
14|52
13|72
12|82
19|62
查找到key=11,data=23的节点
成功删除key=11的节点
12|82
6|12
3|32
9|42
16|51
14|52
13|72
19|62
O啦~~~
转载请保留出处:http://blog.csdn.net/u011638883/article/details/17120363
谢谢!!