ftp的安装与配置

Ubuntu1204

ftp服务器安装

apt-get install vsftpd

配置ftp服务

vi /etc/vsftpd.conf   
cp /etc/vsftpd.conf   /etc/vsftpd.conf .backup  

vsftpd.conf的配置内容

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=no  #不允许匿名登录
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES     #vsftpd所在的系统用户可以登录
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES        #允许使用可以修改文件的命令
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022     #用户新增的umask数值
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES  #匿名用户是否可以上传文件
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES    #匿名用户是否可以修改文件
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES       #是否显示目录说明文件
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES      #记录使用者所上传下载的信息
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES   #确保ftp-datad数据传送使用20端口
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES  #是否开启匿名用户上传用户映射
#chown_username=whoever #将匿名用户上传的文件的用户映射为whoever用户
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log  #将上传下载的信息记录到这里
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format
xferlog_std_format=YES   #是否将日志写成xferlog标准格式
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600 #指令超时时间600秒
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120  #如果client与server直接的数据在120秒内没有传送成功，那么client的联机会断开
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure #制定一个安全用户账号，让FTP服务器用作完全隔离没有特权的独立用户
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES   #是否允许运行特殊的ftp命令
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties
# to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in
# ASCII mode.
# These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish
# to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),
# without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be
# on the client anyway..
#ascii_upload_enable=YES   #使用ascii码上传文件
#ascii_download_enable=YES #使用ascii码下载文件
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.  #ftp欢迎语
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES  #允许禁止匿名用户使用某些邮箱地址
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails #禁止的邮件地址和文件名
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_list_enable=YES    #是否将系统用户限制在自己的home目录下、
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list  #如果上一项选得yes，那么这里也需要打开。
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd   #pam是密码验证之后拒绝登陆（提示密码错误）用户列表默认存放在/etc/ftpusers
userlist_enable=YES  #为yes时  /etc/vsftpd/user_list文件中的用户将不能登陆
#enable for standalone mode
listen=YES  #使用standalone启动vsftpd
tcp_wrappers=YES  #设置允许或不允许访问的主机

以上只是配置一个可用的ftp服务。具体的要根据需要，增加安全方面的配置。

ftp的使用：
windows 中 打开浏览器输入 ftp://IP
linux 中 输入ftp IP