【贪心·double精度】POJ2019 Power of Cryptography

 

Power of Cryptography

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 30000K
Total Submissions: 17853		Accepted: 9008

Description

Current work in cryptography involves (among other things) large prime numbers and computing powers of numbers among these primes. Work in this area has resulted in the practical use of results from number theory and other branches of mathematics once considered to be only of theoretical interest. 
This problem involves the efficient computation of integer roots of numbers. 
Given an integer n>=1 and an integer p>= 1 you have to write a program that determines the n th positive root of p. In this problem, given such integers n and p, p will always be of the form k to the n ^th. power, for an integer k (this integer is what your program must find).

Input

The input consists of a sequence of integer pairs n and p with each integer on a line by itself. For all such pairs 1<=n<= 200, 1<=p<10 ¹⁰¹ and there exists an integer k, 1<=k<=10 ⁹ such that k ⁿ = p.

Output

For each integer pair n and p the value k should be printed, i.e., the number k such that k n =p.

Sample Input

2 16
3 27
7 4357186184021382204544

Sample Output

4
3
1234

 题意就是给出k^n=p中n和p，求k。

 

神奇的用pow(p,1/n)过了。。

 

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>

int main(){
	double n,p;
	while(scanf("%lf %lf",&n,&p)!=EOF){
		printf("%.0lf\n",pow(p,1.0/n));
	}
}

 

以下摘自http://blog.csdn.net/code_pang/article/details/8263971

 

double型开n次方的方法通过的原因

首先，题目中的数据强度并不弱，这一点确实如题目中所说：“For all such pairs 1<=n<= 200, 1<=p<10¹⁰¹，所以，double型是不能精确地表示出所给数据，但是却能表示出一个近似值。

当向double型变量中存入

4357186184021382204544

然后再输出，得到的是

4357186184021382000000

后六位的值变为了0，这一点和int型变量是有很大区别的。也就是说当存入double型变量的值超出了它的精度表示范围时，将低位的数据截断。（关于浮点数在计算机中的表示方法，百度吧…讲的蛮清楚的。）

在本题中，如果测试数据为：

7     4357186184021382204544

实际上所处理数据是：

7     4357186184021382000000

拿4357186184021382000000开7次方的结果自然就是1234。

为什么不是1233或者1235呢？

1233⁷=4332529576639313702577

1234⁷=4357186184021382204544

1235⁷=4381962969567270546875

可以看出在double型所能表示的精度范围内，它们三个值已经不同了。

所以，此题中的测试数据也都是类似于上述情况，所以才能使用double型开n次方的方法。