select与pselect的信号屏蔽

pselect() 函数的原型是：int pselect(int nfds, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds,
                   fd_set *exceptfds, const struct timespec *timeout, const sigset_t *sigmask);
它和 select() 函数基本相同，区别在于两个不同的参数，一个是 struct timespec *timeout，另一个是 sigset_t *sigmask 。

struct timespec 结构定义为：
  struct timespec {
               long    tv_sec;         
               long    tv_nsec;        
           };

其中的时间表示秒和纳秒。和 select() 不同，每次超时后，pselect() 并不会去修改这个时间参数，也就是说，没有必要再次对这个时间参数进行初始化。
对于最后一个参数 sigmask 表示信号屏蔽掩码，设置掩码可以对相应的信号进行屏蔽，这样pselect就一直不会被屏蔽的信号所中断。

select等待期间不想被中断的方法有两个：

其一：pselect 代替select

#include "unp.h"

void
sig_alarm(int signo)
{
        printf("%d\n",signo);
        if(signo == SIGALRM)
        {
                printf("SIGALRM\n");
        }
        else if(signo == SIGVTALRM)
        {
                printf("SIGVTALRM\n");
        }
}

int
main()
{
        sigset_t sigmask;
        fd_set rset;
        ssize_t nread;
        char buf[MAXLINE];
        int maxfd;
        struct itimerval value;
        signal1(SIGALRM,sig_alarm);

        value.it_interval.tv_sec = 3;
        value.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
        value.it_value.tv_sec = 1;
        value.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
        if(setitimer(ITIMER_REAL,&value,NULL) == -1)
        {
                printf("setitimer error.\n");
                return 0;

        }

        if(sigemptyset(&sigmask) ==  -1)
        {
                printf("sigemptyset error.\n");
                return 0;
        }

        if(sigaddset(&sigmask,SIGALRM) == -1)
        {
                printf("sigaddset error.\n");
                return 0;
        }
        while(1)
        {
                FD_ZERO(&rset);
                FD_SET(fileno(stdin),&rset);
                maxfd = fileno(stdin) + 1;

                int nready = pselect(maxfd,&rset,NULL,NULL,NULL,&sigmask);
                //printf("select called.%d\n",nready);
                if(nready < 0)
                {
                        if(errno == EINTR)
                        {
                                printf("interruped.\n");
                        }
                }
                else
                {
                        int nread = ReadLine(fileno(stdin),buf,MAXLINE);
                        if(nread < 0)
                        {
                                printf("读取失败!\n");
                                continue;
                        }
                //      printf("nread: %d\n",nread);
                        //Write(stdin,buf,nread);
                        printf("%s",buf);
                }
        }
}

其二：运用sigprocmask函数

#include "unp.h"

void
sig_alarm(int signo)
{
        printf("%d\n",signo);
        if(signo == SIGALRM)
        {
                printf("SIGALRM\n");
        }
        else if(signo == SIGVTALRM)
        {
                printf("SIGVTALRM\n");
        }
}

int
main()
{
        sigset_t sigmask;
        fd_set rset;
        ssize_t nread;
        char buf[MAXLINE];
        int maxfd;
        struct itimerval value;
        signal1(SIGALRM,sig_alarm);

        value.it_interval.tv_sec = 3;
        value.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
        value.it_value.tv_sec = 1;
        value.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
        if(setitimer(ITIMER_REAL,&value,NULL) == -1)
        {
                printf("setitimer error.\n");
                return 0;

        }

        if(sigemptyset(&sigmask) ==  -1)
        {
                printf("sigemptyset error.\n");
                return 0;
        }

        if(sigaddset(&sigmask,SIGALRM) == -1)
        {
                printf("sigaddset error.\n");
                return 0;

        }

        sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK,&sigmask,NULL);

        while(1)
        {
                FD_ZERO(&rset);
                FD_SET(fileno(stdin),&rset);
                maxfd = fileno(stdin) + 1;

                //int nready = pselect(maxfd,&rset,NULL,NULL,NULL,&sigmask);

                //printf("select called.%d\n",nready);

               int nready = select(maxfd,&rset,NULL,NULL,NULL);

                if(nready < 0)
                {
                        if(errno == EINTR)
                        {
                                printf("interruped.\n");
                        }
                }
                else
                {
                        int nread = ReadLine(fileno(stdin),buf,MAXLINE);
                        if(nread < 0)
                        {
                                printf("读取失败!\n");
                                continue;
                        }
                //      printf("nread: %d\n",nread);
                        //Write(stdin,buf,nread);
                        printf("%s",buf);
                }
        }

}

比较两种方法，都可以有效防止select被信号中断，经我测试，两者还是有区别的，第一种当你在终端输入数据时，时钟信号处理函数是会被执行的，而第二种则彻底屏蔽了时钟信号。