OCP-1Z0-051-2015-39题

You need to calculate the number of days from 1st Jan 2007 till date:
Dates are stored in the default format of dd-mm-rr.
Which two SQL statements would give the required output? (Choose two.)
A. SELECT SYSDATE - TO_DATE('01/JANUARY/2007') FROM DUAL;
B. SELECT TO_DATE(SYSDATE,'DD/MONTH/YYYY')-'01/JANUARY/2007' FROM DUAL;
C. SELECT SYSDATE - TO_DATE('01-JANUARY-2007') FROM DUAL
D. SELECT SYSDATE - '01-JAN-2007' FROM DUAL
E. SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD-MON-YYYY')-'01-JAN-2007' FROM DUAL;
Answer: A,C

Explanation:

hr@TESTDB>SELECT SYSDATE - TO_DATE('01/JANUARY/2007') FROM DUAL;

SYSDATE-TO_DATE('01/JANUARY/2007')

----------------------------------

                        2553.97258

hr@TESTDB>SELECT TO_DATE(SYSDATE,'DD/MONTH/YYYY')-'01/JANUARY/2007' FROM DUAL;

SELECT TO_DATE(SYSDATE,'DD/MONTH/YYYY')-'01/JANUARY/2007' FROM DUAL

                                        *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01722: invalid number

hr@TESTDB>SELECT SYSDATE - TO_DATE('01-JANUARY-2007') FROM DUAL;

SYSDATE-TO_DATE('01-JANUARY-2007')

----------------------------------

                        2553.97277

hr@TESTDB>SELECT SYSDATE - '01-JAN-2007' FROM DUAL;

SELECT SYSDATE - '01-JAN-2007' FROM DUAL

                 *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01722: invalid number

hr@TESTDB>SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD-MON-YYYY')-'01-JAN-2007' FROM DUAL;

SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD-MON-YYYY')-'01-JAN-2007' FROM DUAL

       *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01722: invalid number

Explanation: 

日期与字符串做表达式计算，隐式将日期转换为字符串，而字符串之间不能相减，所以BDE都是字符之间相减，所以错误。

AC之间相减是日期与日期之间的减，得出数字，是正确的。