本文转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/desilting/article/details/41280869
利用zookeeper的EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL类型节点及watcher机制,来简单实现分布式锁。
主要思想:
1、开启10个线程,在disLocks节点下各自创建名为sub的EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL节点;
2、获取disLocks节点下所有子节点,排序,如果自己的节点编号最小,则获取锁;
3、否则watch排在自己前面的节点,监听到其删除后,进入第2步(重新检测排序是防止监听的节点发生连接失效,导致的节点删除情况);
4、删除自身sub节点,释放连接;
我们认为最小的节点具备执行权,有就是获取到了锁
zk实现分布式共享锁的实现思路
1:LogProcessBolt1并行度为2,当定时任务执行时,两个线程同时都要入库,这样会存在问题,
所以在这个代码内容每次执行的时候都去/locks这个节点下面注册一个临时有序节点,两个线程都会去注册节点,
例如:线程1注册的临时有序节点为 test_lock_0000000002 线程2 注册的临时有序节点为:test_lock_0000000001
2:当每个线程注册完节点之后,需要尝试获取锁,这个时候,哪个节点最小,哪个线程就获取到锁,执行下面得代码,
在这个例子中线程2的节点最小,所以这个节点先获取到锁,然后去执行代码 ,代码执行完成之后会释放锁,其实就是删除自己这个节点
而线程1获取的节点不是最小的,所以需要获取到比他小一级的节点,然后监控哪个节点的变化情况,如果发现那个节点失效了,
然后再重新获取一下/locks这个节点下面的所有临时有序子节点,看一下自己是不是最小的,如果是最小的,则成功获取锁 然后执行下面代码,
最后释放锁。
zookeeper的4种节点类型:
我们认为最小的节点具备执行权,有就是获取到了锁
zk实现分布式共享锁的实现思路
1:LogProcessBolt1并行度为2,当定时任务执行时,两个线程同时都要入库,这样会存在问题,
所以在这个代码内容每次执行的时候都去/locks这个节点下面注册一个临时有序节点,两个线程都会去注册节点,
例如:线程1注册的临时有序节点为 test_lock_0000000002 线程2 注册的临时有序节点为:test_lock_0000000001
2:当每个线程注册完节点之后,需要尝试获取锁,这个时候,哪个节点最小,哪个线程就获取到锁,执行下面得代码,
在这个例子中线程2的节点最小,所以这个节点先获取到锁,然后去执行代码 ,代码执行完成之后会释放锁,其实就是删除自己这个节点
而线程1获取的节点不是最小的,所以需要获取到比他小一级的节点,然后监控哪个节点的变化情况,如果发现那个节点失效了,
然后再重新获取一下/locks这个节点下面的所有临时有序子节点,看一下自己是不是最小的,如果是最小的,则成功获取锁 然后执行下面代码,
最后释放锁。
zookeeper的4种节点类型:
public enum CreateMode {
/**
* 持久节点:节点创建后,会一直存在,不会因客户端会话失效而删除;
*/
PERSISTENT (0, false, false),
/**
* 持久顺序节点:基本特性与持久节点一致,创建节点的过程中,zookeeper会在其名字后自动追加一个单调增长的数字后缀,作为新的节点名;
*/
PERSISTENT_SEQUENTIAL (2, false, true),
/**
* 临时节点:客户端会话失效或连接关闭后,该节点会被自动删除,且不能再临时节点下面创建子节点,否则报如下错:org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException$NoChildrenForEphemeralsException;
*/
EPHEMERAL (1, true, false),
/**
* 临时顺序节点:基本特性与临时节点一致,创建节点的过程中,zookeeper会在其名字后自动追加一个单调增长的数字后缀,作为新的节点名;
*/
EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL (3, true, true);
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CreateMode.class);
private boolean ephemeral;
private boolean sequential;
private int flag;
CreateMode(int flag, boolean ephemeral, boolean sequential) {
this.flag = flag;
this.ephemeral = ephemeral;
this.sequential = sequential;
}
public boolean isEphemeral() {
return ephemeral;
}
public boolean isSequential() {
return sequential;
}
public int toFlag() {
return flag;
}
static public CreateMode fromFlag(int flag) throws KeeperException {
switch(flag) {
case 0: return CreateMode.PERSISTENT;
case 1: return CreateMode.EPHEMERAL;
case 2: return CreateMode.PERSISTENT_SEQUENTIAL;
case 3: return CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL ;
default:
LOG.error("Received an invalid flag value to convert to a CreateMode");
throw new KeeperException.BadArgumentsException();
}
}
}
测试实例: package zookeeper;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.apache.zookeeper.*;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
import java.util.List;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
public class DistributedLock implements Watcher{
private int threadId;
private ZooKeeper zk = null;
private String selfPath;
private String waitPath;
private String LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD;
private static final int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 10000;
private static final String GROUP_PATH = "/disLocks";
private static final String SUB_PATH = "/disLocks/sub";
private static final String CONNECTION_STRING = "192.168.*.*:2181";
private static final int THREAD_NUM = 10;
//确保连接zk成功;
private CountDownLatch connectedSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(1);
//确保所有线程运行结束;
private static final CountDownLatch threadSemaphore = new CountDownLatch(THREAD_NUM);
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AllZooKeeperWatcher.class);
public DistributedLock(int id) {
this.threadId = id;
LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD = "【第"+threadId+"个线程】";
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
for(int i=0; i < THREAD_NUM; i++){
final int threadId = i+1;
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try{
DistributedLock dc = new DistributedLock(threadId);
dc.createConnection(CONNECTION_STRING, SESSION_TIMEOUT);
//GROUP_PATH不存在的话,由一个线程创建即可;
synchronized (threadSemaphore){
dc.createPath(GROUP_PATH, "该节点由线程" + threadId + "创建", true);
}
dc.getLock();
} catch (Exception e){
LOG.error("【第"+threadId+"个线程】 抛出的异常:");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
}
try {
threadSemaphore.await();
LOG.info("所有线程运行结束!");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取锁
* @return
*/
private void getLock() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
selfPath = zk.create(SUB_PATH,null, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
LOG.info(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD+"创建锁路径:"+selfPath);
if(checkMinPath()){
getLockSuccess();
}
}
/**
* 创建节点
* @param path 节点path
* @param data 初始数据内容
* @return
*/
public boolean createPath( String path, String data, boolean needWatch) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
if(zk.exists(path, needWatch)==null){
LOG.info( LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "节点创建成功, Path: "
+ this.zk.create( path,
data.getBytes(),
ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
CreateMode.PERSISTENT )
+ ", content: " + data );
}
return true;
}
/**
* 创建ZK连接
* @param connectString ZK服务器地址列表
* @param sessionTimeout Session超时时间
*/
public void createConnection( String connectString, int sessionTimeout ) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
zk = new ZooKeeper( connectString, sessionTimeout, this);
connectedSemaphore.await();
}
/**
* 获取锁成功
*/
public void getLockSuccess() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
if(zk.exists(this.selfPath,false) == null){
LOG.error(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD+"本节点已不在了...");
return;
}
LOG.info(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "获取锁成功,赶紧干活!");
Thread.sleep(2000);
LOG.info(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "删除本节点:"+selfPath);
zk.delete(this.selfPath, -1);
releaseConnection();
threadSemaphore.countDown();
}
/**
* 关闭ZK连接
*/
public void releaseConnection() {
if ( this.zk !=null ) {
try {
this.zk.close();
} catch ( InterruptedException e ) {}
}
LOG.info(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "释放连接");
}
/**
* 检查自己是不是最小的节点
* @return
*/
public boolean checkMinPath() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
List<String> subNodes = zk.getChildren(GROUP_PATH, false);
Collections.sort(subNodes);
int index = subNodes.indexOf( selfPath.substring(GROUP_PATH.length()+1));
switch (index){
case -1:{
LOG.error(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD+"本节点已不在了..."+selfPath);
return false;
}
case 0:{
LOG.info(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD+"子节点中,我果然是老大"+selfPath);
return true;
}
default:{
this.waitPath = GROUP_PATH +"/"+ subNodes.get(index - 1);
LOG.info(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD+"获取子节点中,排在我前面的"+waitPath);
try{
zk.getData(waitPath, true, new Stat());
return false;
}catch(KeeperException e){
if(zk.exists(waitPath,false) == null){
LOG.info(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD+"子节点中,排在我前面的"+waitPath+"已失踪,幸福来得太突然?");
return checkMinPath();
}else{
throw e;
}
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
if(event == null){
return;
}
Event.KeeperState keeperState = event.getState();
Event.EventType eventType = event.getType();
if ( Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected == keeperState) {
if ( Event.EventType.None == eventType ) {
LOG.info( LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "成功连接上ZK服务器" );
connectedSemaphore.countDown();
}else if (event.getType() == Event.EventType.NodeDeleted && event.getPath().equals(waitPath)) {
LOG.info(LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "收到情报,排我前面的家伙已挂,我是不是可以出山了?");
try {
if(checkMinPath()){
getLockSuccess();
}
} catch (KeeperException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}else if ( Event.KeeperState.Disconnected == keeperState ) {
LOG.info( LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "与ZK服务器断开连接" );
} else if ( Event.KeeperState.AuthFailed == keeperState ) {
LOG.info( LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "权限检查失败" );
} else if ( Event.KeeperState.Expired == keeperState ) {
LOG.info( LOG_PREFIX_OF_THREAD + "会话失效" );
}
}
}