SHH could not initialize proxy - the owning Session was closed 和延迟加载问题

1.SSH使用时，出现could not initialize proxy - the owning Session was closed 时的解决方案。 
could not initialize proxy - the owning Session was closed 
解决、 
第一步、去掉hibernate的延迟加载 
<filter> 
    <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> 
    <filter-class> 
     org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter 
    </filter-class> 
</filter 
<filter-mapping> 
    <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> 
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> 
</filter-mapping> 
第二步、 hbm.xml中 lazy="false" 
<many-to-one name="deptInfo" lazy="false"> 
            <column name="deptId"/> 
        </many-to-one> 
2.<filter> 
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> 
<filter-class> 
        org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter 
    </filter-class> 
<init-param> 
<param-name>singleSession</param-name> 
<param-value>true</param-value> 
</init-param> 
<!-- 和 spring 中的sesssionfactory ID 一致 --><init-param><param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name><param-value>sessionFactory</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!-- *.jsp, *.do--></filter-mapping> 
不过, 这时候又会导致更新数据时抛出如下异常: 
Write operations are not allowed in read-only mode (FlushMode.NEVER/MANUAL): Turn your Session into FlushMode.COMMIT/AUTO or remove 'readOnly' marker from transaction definition. 

这时候再去网上找解决方案, 会有人说: 把参数 singleSession改为false, 就行了. 不过, 改完后, 估计不久就会遇到另一个郁闷的异常: 

org.hibernate.HibernateException: Illegal attempt to associate a collection with two open sessions 

这下完了, 两个方案都不行, 到底怎么办? 还好, 在http://xuliangyong.javaeye.com/blog/144818的主页上, 给了一个方案, 就是改写 OpenSessionInViewFilter 的代码, 非常感谢, 下面给出的就是最终方案: 

web.xml 

< filter-name >hibernateFilter</filter-name> 

< filter-class > org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OurOpenSessionInViewFilter </filter-class> 

OurOpenSessionInViewFilter.java 代码: 

package org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support; 

import org.hibernate.*; 

/** * 单session模式下, 默认会发生无法提交的错误: * Write operations are not allowed in read-only mode (FlushMode.NEVER/MANUAL): Turn your Session into FlushMode.COMMIT/AUTO or remove 'readOnly' marker from transaction definition. * 需要设置FlushMode并刷新session. * 参考: http://xuliangyong.javaeye.com/blog/144818 * @author 刘长炯 */publicclass OurOpenSessionInViewFilter extends OpenSessionInViewFilter { 
    
    public OurOpenSessionInViewFilter() { 
        super.setFlushMode(FlushMode.AUTO); 
    } 

    protectedvoid closeSession(Session session, SessionFactory sessionFactory) { 
        session.flush(); 
        
        try { 
            session.getTransaction().commit(); 
        } catch (HibernateException e) { 
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block//e.printStackTrace(); 
        } 
        
        super.closeSession(session, sessionFactory); 
    } 
}