Hbase[03]Hbase Java API：常用命令、DDL和DML练习

Hbase[03]Hbase Java API：常用命令、DDL和DML练习

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准备环境

本次使用到的软件/工具如下

软件	软件版本
VMware	VMware® Workstation 16 Pro
Xshell	6
IDEA	2020.3

安装Hbase环境
详见链接：Hbase[01]安装Hbase

启动zookeeper、hdfs、hbase服务

xshell登录虚拟机

hbase shell

进入hbase

注意
hbase中：ctrl+backspace是向左删除字符
　　　　　backspace是向右删除字符

Hbase_Demo

IDEA创建普通Maven项目

pom.xml

pom.xml中添加hadoop、hbase相关依赖

    <properties>
        <hadoop.version>2.6.4</hadoop.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId>
            <version>0.98.9-hadoop2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
            <version>0.98.9-hadoop2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
            <version>${hadoop.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-hdfs</artifactId>
            <version>${hadoop.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
            <version>${hadoop.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

TestHbase.java

在项目的src/main/java目录创建TestHbase.java
创建HBaseAdmin对象操作hbase
创建before方法加载hbase java api

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.NavigableMap;

public class TestHbase {
    HBaseAdmin admin;
    Configuration configuration;
    @Before
    public void before() throws IOException{
        configuration =new Configuration();
        //zookeeper  主机节点
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum","Toozky,Toozky2,Toozky3");
        admin=new HBaseAdmin(configuration);
    }
}

判断表是否存在

	//判断t_user表是否存在
    @Test
    public void test1() throws IOException {
        boolean b = admin.tableExists("ns1:t_emp");
        System.out.println(b);
    }

创建表

    @Test
    public void test2() throws IOException {
        //创建表名
        TableName tname=TableName.valueOf("ns1:t_emp");
        //生成表
        HTableDescriptor htd=new HTableDescriptor(tname);
        //创建列族
        HColumnDescriptor hcd=new HColumnDescriptor("emp_info");
        //添加列族
        htd.addFamily(hcd);
        admin.createTable(htd);
        admin.close();
    }

创建namespace

    //新建namespace
    @Test
    public void test3() throws IOException {
        NamespaceDescriptor ns2 = NamespaceDescriptor.create("ns3").build();
        //创建命名空间
        admin.createNamespace(ns2);
        admin.close();
    }

查看所有namespace

等效hbase shell语句list_namespace

    //查看所有namespace
    @Test
    public void test4() throws IOException {
        NamespaceDescriptor[] namespaceDescriptors = admin.listNamespaceDescriptors();
        for (NamespaceDescriptor namespaceDescriptor : namespaceDescriptors) {
            System.out.println(namespaceDescriptor);
        }
        System.out.println("********");
        for (NamespaceDescriptor namespaceDescriptor : namespaceDescriptors) {
            System.out.println(namespaceDescriptor.getName());
        }
        admin.close();
    }//list_namespace

修改表

通过hbase shell语句desc 'ns1:t_emp'验证

    //修改表
    @Test
    public void test5() throws IOException {
        //创建表名
        TableName tname=TableName.valueOf("ns1:t_emp");
        //生成表
        HTableDescriptor htd=new HTableDescriptor(tname);
        //创建列族
        HColumnDescriptor hcd=new HColumnDescriptor("dept_info");
        htd.addFamily(hcd);

        HColumnDescriptor hcd1=new HColumnDescriptor("emp_info");
        htd.addFamily(hcd1);

        HColumnDescriptor hcd2=new HColumnDescriptor("test_info");
        htd.addFamily(hcd2);

        admin.modifyTable(tname,htd);
        admin.close();
    }//desc 'ns1:t_emp'

删除列族

通过hbase shell语句desc 'ns1:t_emp'验证

    //删除列族
    @Test
    public void test6() throws IOException {
        admin.deleteColumn(TableName.valueOf("ns1:t_emp"), Bytes.toBytes("test_info"));
        admin.close();
    }//desc 'ns1:t_emp'

查询所有列族

    //查询所有列族
    @Test
    public void test7() throws IOException {
        HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = admin.getTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf("ns1:t_emp"));

        HColumnDescriptor[] columnFamilies = tableDescriptor.getColumnFamilies();
        for (HColumnDescriptor columnFamily : columnFamilies) {
            System.out.println(columnFamily.getNameAsString());
        }
        admin.close();
    }

Put对象录入数据

    //Put对象  向hbase中录入数据
    @Test
    public void test8() throws IOException {
        HTable hTable=new HTable(configuration,TableName.valueOf("ns1:t_emp"));
        Put put1=new Put(Bytes.toBytes("001"));
        put1.add(Bytes.toBytes("dept_info"),Bytes.toBytes("name"),Bytes.toBytes("sale"));
        put1.add(Bytes.toBytes("emp_info"),Bytes.toBytes("name"),Bytes.toBytes("张三"));

        Put put2=new Put(Bytes.toBytes("002"));
        put2.add(Bytes.toBytes("emp_info"),Bytes.toBytes("name"),Bytes.toBytes("lisi"));

        Put put3=new Put(Bytes.toBytes("003"));
        put3.add(Bytes.toBytes("emp_info"),Bytes.toBytes("name"),Bytes.toBytes("zhangsan"));

        List<Put> list=new ArrayList<Put>();
        list.add(put1);
        list.add(put2);
        list.add(put3);

        hTable.put(list);
    }//scan 'ns1:t_emp'

获取列值

    //获取列值
    //先向测试表ns1:t_emp中录入row-key为001的数据
    //put 'ns1:t_emp', '001', 'emp_info:name', '张三'
    @Test
    public void test9() throws IOException {
        HTable ht=new HTable(configuration,TableName.valueOf("ns1:t_emp"));
        Get get=new Get(Bytes.toBytes("001"));
        Result result = ht.get(get);
        NavigableMap<byte[], byte[]> emp_info = result.getFamilyMap(Bytes.toBytes("emp_info"));
        for (Map.Entry<byte[], byte[]> entry : emp_info.entrySet()) {
            String k = new String(entry.getKey());
            String v = new String(entry.getValue());
            System.out.println(k + " : " + v);
        }
    }

get查询 以row-key查单行数据

	//先向测试表ns1:t_emp中录入row-key为003的数据
    //put 'ns1:t_emp', '003', 'emp_info:name', 'zhangsan'
    //get查询
    @Test
    public void test10() throws IOException {
        //1. 获取Table对象
        HTable table = new HTable(configuration, TableName.valueOf("ns1:t_emp"));
        //2. Get
        Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("003"));
        //3.  获取到结果对象
        Result result = table.get(get);
        //4. 表格扫描器
        CellScanner cellScanner = result.cellScanner();
        //5. 遍历扫描器
        while (cellScanner.advance()) {
            //6. 获取到一个表格
            Cell cell = cellScanner.current();
            //6.1 列簇
            System.out.println(new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell), "utf-8"));
            //6.2 列名
            System.out.println(new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell), "utf-8"));
            //6.3 列值
            System.out.println(new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell), "utf-8"));
        }
    }

get查询 遍历输出多个row-key的数据

    //get查询 遍历输出
    @Test
    public void test11() throws IOException {
        //1. 获取Table对象
        HTable table = new HTable(configuration, TableName.valueOf("ns1:t_emp"));
        //2. Get
        Get get1 = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("001"));
        Get get2 = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("002"));
        Get get3 = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("003"));

        //3. 获取结果数组
        List<Get> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(get1);
        list.add(get2);
        list.add(get3);
        Result[] results = table.get(list);

        //4. 遍历
        System.out.println("ROWKEY\t列族\t\t\t列名\t\t列值");
        for (Result result : results) {
            //4. 表格扫描器
            CellScanner cellScanner = result.cellScanner();
            //5. 遍历扫描器
            while (cellScanner.advance()) {
                //6. 获取到一个表格
                Cell cell = cellScanner.current();
                System.out.print(new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell), "utf-8")+"\t\t");
                //6.1 列簇
                System.out.print(new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell), "utf-8")+"\t");
                //6.2 列名
                System.out.print(new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell), "utf-8")+"\t");
                //6.3 列值
                System.out.print(new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell), "utf-8")+"\n");
            }
        }
    }

按row-key删除一条数据

    //按row-key删除一条数据
    @Test
    public void test12() throws IOException {
        String tablename="ns1:t_emp";
        String row_key="003";
        HTable htable = new HTable(configuration, tablename);
        List delete=new ArrayList();
        Delete d=new Delete(row_key.getBytes());
        delete.add(d);

        htable.delete(delete);

        test11();
    }

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以上就是本期总结的全部内容，愿大家相互学习，共同进步！