python操作Excel读写--使用xlrd
1、导入模块
import xlrd
2、打开Excel文件读取数据
data = xlrd.open_workbook('excelFile.xls')
3、使用技巧
获取一个工作表
table = data.sheets()[0] #通过索引顺序获取
table = data.sheet_by_index(0) #通过索引顺序获取
table = data.sheet_by_name(u'Sheet1')#通过名称获取
获取整行和整列的值(数组)
table.row_values(i)
table.col_values(i)
获取行数和列数
nrows = table.nrows
ncols = table.ncols
循环行列表数据
for i in range(nrows ):
print table.row_values(i)
单元格
cell_A1 = table.cell(0,0).value
cell_C4 = table.cell(2,3).value
使用行列索引
cell_A1 = table.row(0)[0].value
cell_A2 = table.col(1)[0].value
简单的写入
row = 0
col = 0
# 类型 0 empty,1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean, 5 error
ctype = 1
value = '单元格的值'
xf = 0 # 扩展的格式化
table.put_cell(row, col, ctype, value, xf)
table.cell(0,0) #单元格的值'
table.cell(0,0).value #单元格的值'
demo代码:
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import
xdrlib ,sys
import
xlrd
def
open_excel(
file
=
'file.xls'
):
try
:
data
=
xlrd.open_workbook(
file
)
return
data
except
Exception,e:
print
str
(e)
#根据索引获取Excel表格中的数据 参数:file:Excel文件路径 colnameindex:表头列名所在行的所以 ,by_index:表的索引
def
excel_table_byindex(
file
=
'file.xls'
,colnameindex
=
0
,by_index
=
0
):
data
=
open_excel(
file
)
table
=
data.sheets()[by_index]
nrows
=
table.nrows
#行数
ncols
=
table.ncols
#列数
colnames
=
table.row_values(colnameindex)
#某一行数据
list
=
[]
for
rownum
in
range
(
1
,nrows):
row
=
table.row_values(rownum)
if
row:
app
=
{}
for
i
in
range
(
len
(colnames)):
app[colnames[i]]
=
row[i]
list
.append(app)
return
list
#根据名称获取Excel表格中的数据 参数:file:Excel文件路径 colnameindex:表头列名所在行的所以 ,by_name:Sheet1名称
def
excel_table_byname(
file
=
'file.xls'
,colnameindex
=
0
,by_name
=
u
'Sheet1'
):
data
=
open_excel(
file
)
table
=
data.sheet_by_name(by_name)
nrows
=
table.nrows
#行数
colnames
=
table.row_values(colnameindex)
#某一行数据
list
=
[]
for
rownum
in
range
(
1
,nrows):
row
=
table.row_values(rownum)
if
row:
app
=
{}
for
i
in
range
(
len
(colnames)):
app[colnames[i]]
=
row[i]
list
.append(app)
return
list
def
main():
tables
=
excel_table_byindex()
for
row
in
tables:
print
row
tables
=
excel_table_byname()
for
row
in
tables:
print
row
if
__name__
=
=
"__main__"
:
main()
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