Spring Boot 集成 FreeMarker 详解

一、Springboot 那些事

SpringBoot 很方便的集成 FreeMarker ,DAO 数据库操作层依旧用的是 Mybatis,本文将会一步一步到来如何集成 FreeMarker 以及配置的详解:
Springboot 那些事:
系类文章:

二、运行 springboot-freemarker 工程

git clone 下载工程 springboot-learning-example ,项目地址见  GitHubhttps://github.com/JeffLi1993/springboot-learning-example。下面开始运行工程步骤(Quick Start):
1.数据库准备

a.创建数据库 springbootdb:

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CREATE DATABASE springbootdb;
b.创建表 city :(因为我喜欢徒步)
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS  `city`;
CREATE TABLE `city` (
   ` id ` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '城市编号' ,
   `province_id` int(10) unsigned  NOT NULL COMMENT '省份编号' ,
   `city_name` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '城市名称' ,
   `description` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '描述' ,
   PRIMARY KEY (` id `)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

c.插入数据

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INSERT city VALUES (1 ,1, '温岭市' , 'BYSocket 的家在温岭。' );
2. 项目结构介绍
项目结构如下图所示:
org.spring.springboot.controller - Controller 层
org.spring.springboot.dao - 数据操作层 DAO
org.spring.springboot.domain - 实体类
org.spring.springboot.service - 业务逻辑层
Application - 应用启动类
resources/application.properties - 应用配置文件,应用启动会自动读取配置
resources/web - *.ftl文件,是 FreeMarker 文件配置路径。在 application.properties 配置
resources/mapper - DAO Maper XML 文件
3.改数据库配置
打开 application.properties 文件, 修改相应的数据源配置,比如数据源地址、账号、密码等。(如果不是用 MySQL,pom 自行添加连接驱动依赖,然后修改驱动名配置。)
4.编译工程
在项目根目录 springboot-learning-example,运行 maven 指令:
mvn clean install
5.运行工程
右键运行 springboot-freemarker 工程 Application 应用启动类的 main 函数,然后在浏览器访问:
获取 ID 编号为 1 的城市信息页面:
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localhost:8080 /api/city/1
获取城市列表页面:
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localhost:8080 /api/city
6.补充
运行环境:JDK 7 或 8,Maven 3.0+
技术栈:SpringBoot、Mybatis、FreeMarker

三、 springboot-freemarker 工程配置详解

1.pom.xml 依赖

pom.xml 代码如下:

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
    < modelVersion >4.0.0</ modelVersion >
 
    < groupId >springboot</ groupId >
    < artifactId >springboot-freemarker</ artifactId >
    < version >0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</ version >
    < name >springboot-freemarker :: Spring Boot 集成 FreeMarker 案例</ name >
 
    <!-- Spring Boot 启动父依赖 -->
    < parent >
        < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
        < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-parent</ artifactId >
        < version >1.5.1.RELEASE</ version >
    </ parent >
 
    < properties >
        < mybatis-spring-boot >1.2.0</ mybatis-spring-boot >
        < mysql-connector >5.1.39</ mysql-connector >
    </ properties >
 
    < dependencies >
        <!-- Spring Boot Freemarker 依赖 -->
        < dependency >
            < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
            < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-freemarker</ artifactId >
        </ dependency >
 
        <!-- Spring Boot Web 依赖 -->
        < dependency >
            < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
            < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-web</ artifactId >
        </ dependency >
 
        <!-- Spring Boot Test 依赖 -->
        < dependency >
            < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
            < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-test</ artifactId >
            < scope >test</ scope >
        </ dependency >
 
        <!-- Spring Boot Mybatis 依赖 -->
        < dependency >
            < groupId >org.mybatis.spring.boot</ groupId >
            < artifactId >mybatis-spring-boot-starter</ artifactId >
            < version >${mybatis-spring-boot}</ version >
        </ dependency >
 
        <!-- MySQL 连接驱动依赖 -->
        < dependency >
            < groupId >mysql</ groupId >
            < artifactId >mysql-connector-java</ artifactId >
            < version >${mysql-connector}</ version >
        </ dependency >
 
        <!-- Junit -->
        < dependency >
            < groupId >junit</ groupId >
            < artifactId >junit</ artifactId >
            < version >4.12</ version >
        </ dependency >
    </ dependencies >
</ project >
在 pom.xml 依赖中增加 Spring Boot FreeMarker 依赖。
2.配置 FreeMarker

然后在 application.properties 中加入 FreeMarker 相关的配置:

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## Freemarker 配置
## 文件配置路径
spring.freemarker.template-loader-path=classpath: /web/
spring.freemarker.cache= false
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8
spring.freemarker.check-template-location= true
spring.freemarker.content- type =text /html
spring.freemarker.expose-request-attributes= true
spring.freemarker.expose-session-attributes= true
spring.freemarker.request-context-attribute=request
spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl
这是我这块的配置,如果需要更多的 FreeMarker 配置,可以查看下面的详解:
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spring.freemarker.allow-request-override= false # Set whether HttpServletRequest attributes are allowed to override (hide) controller generated model attributes of the same name.
spring.freemarker.allow-session-override= false # Set whether HttpSession attributes are allowed to override (hide) controller generated model attributes of the same name.
spring.freemarker.cache= false # Enable template caching.
spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8 # Template encoding.
spring.freemarker.check-template-location= true # Check that the templates location exists.
spring.freemarker.content- type =text /html # Content-Type value.
spring.freemarker.enabled= true # Enable MVC view resolution for this technology.
spring.freemarker.expose-request-attributes= false # Set whether all request attributes should be added to the model prior to merging with the template.
spring.freemarker.expose-session-attributes= false # Set whether all HttpSession attributes should be added to the model prior to merging with the template.
spring.freemarker.expose-spring-macro-helpers= true # Set whether to expose a RequestContext for use by Spring's macro library, under the name "springMacroRequestContext".
spring.freemarker.prefer- file -system-access= true # Prefer file system access for template loading. File system access enables hot detection of template changes.
spring.freemarker.prefix= # Prefix that gets prepended to view names when building a URL.
spring.freemarker.request-context-attribute= # Name of the RequestContext attribute for all views.
spring.freemarker.settings.*= # Well-known FreeMarker keys which will be passed to FreeMarker's Configuration.
spring.freemarker.suffix= # Suffix that gets appended to view names when building a URL.
spring.freemarker.template-loader-path=classpath: /templates/ # Comma-separated list of template paths.
spring.freemarker.view-names= # White list of view names that can be resolved.
3.展示层 Controller 详解
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/**
  * 城市 Controller 实现 Restful HTTP 服务
  * <p>
  * Created by bysocket on 07/02/2017.
  */
@Controller
public class CityController {
 
    @Autowired
    private CityService cityService;
 
    @RequestMapping (value = "/api/city/{id}" , method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String findOneCity(Model model, @PathVariable ( "id" ) Long id) {
        model.addAttribute( "city" , cityService.findCityById(id));
        return "city" ;
    }
 
    @RequestMapping (value = "/api/city" , method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String findAllCity(Model model) {
        List<City> cityList = cityService.findAllCity();
        model.addAttribute( "cityList" ,cityList);
        return "cityList" ;
    }
}
a.这里不是走 HTTP + JSON 模式,使用了 @Controller 而不是先前的 @RestController
b.方法返回值是 String 类型,和 application.properties 配置的 Freemarker 文件配置路径下的各个 *.ftl 文件名一致。这样才会准确地把数据渲染到 ftl 文件里面进行展示。
c.用 Model 类,向 Model 加入数据,并指定在该数据在 Freemarker 取值指定的名称。
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