post提交数据

我们知道通过Get方式提交的数据是作为Url地址的一部分进行提交，而且对字节数的长度也有限制，与Get方式类似，http-post参数也是被URL编码的，然而它的变量名和变量值不作为URL的一部分被传送，而是放在实际的HTTP请求消息内部被传送。

可以通过如下的代码设置POST提交方式参数：

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1. HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); 
2. urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(3000); 
3. urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST"); //以post请求方式提交 
4. urlConnection.setDoInput(true);     //读取数据 
5. urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);    //向服务器写数据 
6. //获取上传信息的大小和长度 
7. byte[] myData = stringBuilder.toString().getBytes(); 
8. //设置请求体的类型是文本类型,表示当前提交的是文本数据 
9. urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); 
10. urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(myData.length)); 

	HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
	urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(3000);
	urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");	//以post请求方式提交
	urlConnection.setDoInput(true);		//读取数据
	urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);	//向服务器写数据
	//获取上传信息的大小和长度
	byte[] myData = stringBuilder.toString().getBytes();
	//设置请求体的类型是文本类型,表示当前提交的是文本数据
	urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
	urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(myData.length));

这里使用一个案例来看一下如何使用post方式提交数据到服务器：

首先我们创建一个java project，只要创建一个类就行，我们创建一个HttpUtils.java类，

【代码如下】：

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1. package com.wujay.utils; 
2.  
3. import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; 
4. import java.io.IOException; 
5. import java.io.InputStream; 
6. import java.io.OutputStream; 
7. import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; 
8. import java.net.HttpURLConnection; 
9. import java.net.MalformedURLException; 
10. import java.net.URL; 
11. import java.net.URLEncoder; 
12. import java.util.HashMap; 
13. import java.util.Map; 
14.  
15. public class HttpUtils { 
16.     private static String PATH = "http://bdfngdg:8080/myhttp/servlet/LoginAction"; // 服务端地址 
17.     private static URL url; 
18.  
19.     public HttpUtils() { 
20.         super(); 
21.     } 
22.  
23.     // 静态代码块实例化url 
24.     static { 
25.         try { 
26.             url = new URL(PATH); 
27.         } catch (MalformedURLException e) { 
28.             e.printStackTrace(); 
29.         } 
30.     } 
31.  
32.     /** 
33.      * 发送消息体到服务端 
34.      *  
35.      * @param params 
36.      * @param encode 
37.      * @return 
38.      */ 
39.     public static String sendPostMessage(Map<String, String> params, 
40.             String encode) { 
41.         StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); 
42.         if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) { 
43.             for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) { 
44.                 try { 
45.                     stringBuilder 
46.                             .append(entry.getKey()) 
47.                             .append("=") 
48.                             .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encode)) 
49.                             .append("&"); 
50.                 } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { 
51.                     e.printStackTrace(); 
52.                 } 
53.             } 
54.             stringBuilder.deleteCharAt(stringBuilder.length() - 1); 
55.             try { 
56.                 HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url 
57.                         .openConnection(); 
58.                 urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(3000); 
59.                 urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 以post请求方式提交 
60.                 urlConnection.setDoInput(true); // 读取数据 
61.                 urlConnection.setDoOutput(true); // 向服务器写数据 
62.                 // 获取上传信息的大小和长度 
63.                 byte[] myData = stringBuilder.toString().getBytes(); 
64.                 // 设置请求体的类型是文本类型,表示当前提交的是文本数据 
65.                 urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", 
66.                         "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); 
67.                 urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", 
68.                         String.valueOf(myData.length)); 
69.                 // 获得输出流，向服务器输出内容 
70.                 OutputStream outputStream = urlConnection.getOutputStream(); 
71.                 // 写入数据 
72.                 outputStream.write(myData, 0, myData.length); 
73.                 outputStream.close(); 
74.                 // 获得服务器响应结果和状态码 
75.                 int responseCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode(); 
76.                 if (responseCode == 200) { 
77.                     // 取回响应的结果 
78.                     return changeInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream(), 
79.                             encode); 
80.                 } 
81.             } catch (IOException e) { 
82.                 e.printStackTrace(); 
83.             } 
84.  
85.         } 
86.         return ""; 
87.     } 
88.  
89.     /** 
90.      * 将一个输入流转换成指定编码的字符串 
91.      *  
92.      * @param inputStream 
93.      * @param encode 
94.      * @return 
95.      */ 
96.     private static String changeInputStream(InputStream inputStream, 
97.             String encode) { 
98.  
99.         // 内存流 
100.         ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); 
101.         byte[] data = new byte[1024]; 
102.         int len = 0; 
103.         String result = null; 
104.         if (inputStream != null) { 
105.             try { 
106.                 while ((len = inputStream.read(data)) != -1) { 
107.                     byteArrayOutputStream.write(data, 0, len); 
108.                 } 
109.                 result = new String(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray(), encode); 
110.             } catch (IOException e) { 
111.                 e.printStackTrace(); 
112.             } 
113.         } 
114.         return result; 
115.     } 
116.  
117.     /** 
118.      * @param args 
119.      */ 
120.     public static void main(String[] args) { 
121.         Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); 
122.         map.put("username", "admin"); 
123.         map.put("password", "123456"); 
124.         String result = sendPostMessage(map, "UTF-8"); 
125.         System.out.println(">>>" + result); 
126.     } 
127.  
128. } 

package com.wujay.utils;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpUtils {
	private static String PATH = "http://bdfngdg:8080/myhttp/servlet/LoginAction"; // 服务端地址
	private static URL url;

	public HttpUtils() {
		super();
	}

	// 静态代码块实例化url
	static {
		try {
			url = new URL(PATH);
		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 发送消息体到服务端
	 * 
	 * @param params
	 * @param encode
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String sendPostMessage(Map<String, String> params,
			String encode) {
		StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
		if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
			for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
				try {
					stringBuilder
							.append(entry.getKey())
							.append("=")
							.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encode))
							.append("&");
				} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			stringBuilder.deleteCharAt(stringBuilder.length() - 1);
			try {
				HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url
						.openConnection();
				urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(3000);
				urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 以post请求方式提交
				urlConnection.setDoInput(true); // 读取数据
				urlConnection.setDoOutput(true); // 向服务器写数据
				// 获取上传信息的大小和长度
				byte[] myData = stringBuilder.toString().getBytes();
				// 设置请求体的类型是文本类型,表示当前提交的是文本数据
				urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
						"application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
				urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
						String.valueOf(myData.length));
				// 获得输出流，向服务器输出内容
				OutputStream outputStream = urlConnection.getOutputStream();
				// 写入数据
				outputStream.write(myData, 0, myData.length);
				outputStream.close();
				// 获得服务器响应结果和状态码
				int responseCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
				if (responseCode == 200) {
					// 取回响应的结果
					return changeInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream(),
							encode);
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}

		}
		return "";
	}

	/**
	 * 将一个输入流转换成指定编码的字符串
	 * 
	 * @param inputStream
	 * @param encode
	 * @return
	 */
	private static String changeInputStream(InputStream inputStream,
			String encode) {

		// 内存流
		ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		byte[] data = new byte[1024];
		int len = 0;
		String result = null;
		if (inputStream != null) {
			try {
				while ((len = inputStream.read(data)) != -1) {
					byteArrayOutputStream.write(data, 0, len);
				}
				result = new String(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray(), encode);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
		map.put("username", "admin");
		map.put("password", "123456");
		String result = sendPostMessage(map, "UTF-8");
		System.out.println(">>>" + result);
	}

}

我们再创建一个服务端工程，一个web project，这里创建一个myhttp的工程，先给它创建一个servlet，用来接收参数访问。

创建的servlet配置如下：

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1. <servlet> 
2.         <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description> 
3.         <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name> 
4.         <servlet-name>LoginAction</servlet-name> 
5.         <servlet-class>com.login.manager.LoginAction</servlet-class> 
6.     </servlet> 
7.  
8.     <servlet-mapping> 
9.         <servlet-name>LoginAction</servlet-name> 
10.         <url-pattern>/servlet/LoginAction</url-pattern> 
11.     </servlet-mapping> 

<servlet>
		<description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
		<display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
		<servlet-name>LoginAction</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.login.manager.LoginAction</servlet-class>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>LoginAction</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/servlet/LoginAction</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

建立的LoginAction.java类继承HttpServlet:

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1. package com.login.manager; 
2.  
3. import java.io.IOException; 
4. import java.io.PrintWriter; 
5.  
6. import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
7. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
8. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
9. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
10.  
11. public class LoginAction extends HttpServlet { 
12.  
13.     /** 
14.      * Constructor of the object. 
15.      */ 
16.     public LoginAction() { 
17.         super(); 
18.     } 
19.  
20.     /** 
21.      * Destruction of the servlet. <br> 
22.      */ 
23.     public void destroy() { 
24.         super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log 
25.         // Put your code here 
26.     } 
27.  
28.     /** 
29.      * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> 
30.      * 
31.      * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. 
32.      *  
33.      * @param request the request send by the client to the server 
34.      * @param response the response send by the server to the client 
35.      * @throws ServletException if an error occurred 
36.      * @throws IOException if an error occurred 
37.      */ 
38.     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
39.             throws ServletException, IOException { 
40.             this.doPost(request, response); 
41.     } 
42.  
43.     /** 
44.      * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> 
45.      * 
46.      * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. 
47.      *  
48.      * @param request the request send by the client to the server 
49.      * @param response the response send by the server to the client 
50.      * @throws ServletException if an error occurred 
51.      * @throws IOException if an error occurred 
52.      */ 
53.     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
54.             throws ServletException, IOException { 
55.  
56.         response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); 
57.         request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); 
58.         response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); 
59.         PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); 
60.         String userName = request.getParameter("username"); 
61.         String passWord = request.getParameter("password"); 
62.         System.out.println("userName:"+userName); 
63.         System.out.println("passWord:"+passWord); 
64.         if(userName.equals("admin") && passWord.equals("123456")){ 
65.             out.print("login successful!"); 
66.         }else{ 
67.             out.print("login failed"); 
68.         } 
69.         out.flush(); 
70.         out.close(); 
71.     } 
72.  
73.     /** 
74.      * Initialization of the servlet. <br> 
75.      * 
76.      * @throws ServletException if an error occurs 
77.      */ 
78.     public void init() throws ServletException { 
79.         // Put your code here 
80.     } 
81.  
82. } 

转自：http://blog.csdn.net/wulianghuan/article/details/8626551