索引建立步骤

一、创建Directory

	public IndexUtil() {
		try {
			directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("F:/LuceneTest/inedx02"));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

二、创建Writer

		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));

三、创建文档并添加索引

文档和域的概念很重要，文档相当于表中的每一条记录，域相当于表中每一个字段

			Document doc=null;
			for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
				doc=new Document();
				doc.add(new Field("id", ids[i], Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));
				doc.add(new Field("email", emails[i], Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));
				doc.add(new Field("Content", Contents[i], Field.Store.NO, Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
				doc.add(new Field("name", names[i], Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
				writer.addDocument(doc);

四、查询索引的基本信息

使用IndexReader进行查询

			IndexReader reader=IndexReader.open(directory);
			//通过reader可以有效的获取文档个数
			System.out.println("numDocs:"+reader.numDocs());
			System.out.println("maxDocs"+reader.maxDoc());

五、删除和更新索引

1.删除-delete()

		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			// 参数是一个选项，可以是一个Query，也可以是一个Term，Term是一个精确的查找值
			// 此时删除的文档并不会被完全删除，而是存储在一个回收站中，可以恢复
			writer.deleteDocuments(new Term("id", "1"));

2.恢复删除-unDelete()

		// 使用IndexReader进行恢复
		try {
			// 恢复时，必须把IndexReader的只读(readOnly)状态设置为false
			IndexReader reader = IndexReader.open(directory, false);
			reader.undeleteAll();
			reader.close();

3.强制删除-forceDelete()

		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			writer.forceMergeDeletes();

4.优化和合并-marge()（不建议使用）

		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			// 会将索引合并为两段，这两段中被删除的数据会被清空
			// 特别注意，此处在Lucene3.5之后不建议使用，以为会消耗大量开销，Lucene会根据情况自动处理
			writer.forceMerge(2);

5.更新索引-updata()

		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			/*
			 *Lucene并不提供更新功能，这里的更新操作实际上是以下两个操作的合集
			 *先删除再添加 
			 */
			Document doc=new Document();
			doc.add(new Field("id", "11", Field.Store.YES,
					Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
			doc.add(new Field("email", emails[0], Field.Store.YES,
					Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));
			doc.add(new Field("Content", Contents[0], Field.Store.NO,
					Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
			doc.add(new Field("name", names[0], Field.Store.YES,
					Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
			writer.updateDocument(new Term("id", "1"), doc);

附--java代码段

package org.itat.index;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;
import org.apache.lucene.index.CorruptIndexException;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.LockObtainFailedException;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;

public class IndexUtil {
	private String[] ids = { "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6" };
	private String[] emails = { "aa@sian.com", "bb@qq.com", "cc@yeah.net",
			"dd@gmail.com", "ee@sina.cn", "ff@hust.edu.cn" };
	private String[] Contents = { "I'm a boy.", "I love basketball.",
			"Boston Celtics", "Kvein Garnett", "Ray Allen", "Pual Priers" };
	// private int[] attachs = { 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2 };
	private String[] names = { "ZhangSan", "LiSi", "WangEr", "MaZi", "KG", "PP" };
	private Directory directory = null;

	public IndexUtil() {
		try {
			directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("F:/LuceneTest/inedx02"));
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void index() {
		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			writer.deleteAll();
			Document doc = null;
			for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
				doc = new Document();
				doc.add(new Field("id", ids[i], Field.Store.YES,
						Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
				doc.add(new Field("email", emails[i], Field.Store.YES,
						Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));
				doc.add(new Field("Content", Contents[i], Field.Store.NO,
						Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
				doc.add(new Field("name", names[i], Field.Store.YES,
						Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
				writer.addDocument(doc);
			}
		} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (writer != null)
				try {
					writer.close();
				} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
		}
	}

	public void query() {
		try {
			IndexReader reader = IndexReader.open(directory);
			// 通过reader可以有效的获取文档个数
			System.out.println("numDocs:" + reader.numDocs());
			System.out.println("maxDocs:" + reader.maxDoc());
			System.out.println("deleteDocs:" + reader.numDeletedDocs());
			reader.close();
		} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void delete() {
		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			// 参数是一个选项，可以是一个Query，也可以是一个Term，Term是一个精确的查找值
			// 此时删除的文档并不会被完全删除，而是存储在一个回收站中，可以恢复
			writer.deleteDocuments(new Term("id", "1"));
		} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (writer != null)
				try {
					writer.close();
				} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
		}
	}

	public void unDelete() {
		// 使用IndexReader进行恢复
		try {
			// 恢复时，必须把IndexReader的只读(readOnly)状态设置为false
			IndexReader reader = IndexReader.open(directory, false);
			reader.undeleteAll();
			reader.close();
		} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	public void forceDelete() {
		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			writer.forceMergeDeletes();
		} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (writer != null)
				try {
					writer.close();
				} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
		}
	}

	public void marge() {
		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			// 会将索引合并为两段，这两段中被删除的数据会被清空
			// 特别注意，此处在Lucene3.5之后不建议使用，以为会消耗大量开销，Lucene会根据情况自动处理
			writer.forceMerge(2);
		} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (writer != null)
				try {
					writer.close();
				} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
		}
	}

	public void updata() {
		IndexWriter writer = null;
		try {
			writer = new IndexWriter(directory, new IndexWriterConfig(
					Version.LUCENE_35, new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_35)));
			/*
			 *Lucene并不提供更新功能，这里的更新操作实际上是以下两个操作的合集
			 *先删除再添加 
			 */
			Document doc=new Document();
			doc.add(new Field("id", "11", Field.Store.YES,
					Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
			doc.add(new Field("email", emails[0], Field.Store.YES,
					Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED));
			doc.add(new Field("Content", Contents[0], Field.Store.NO,
					Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
			doc.add(new Field("name", names[0], Field.Store.YES,
					Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED_NO_NORMS));
			writer.updateDocument(new Term("id", "1"), doc);
		} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (LockObtainFailedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally{
			if(writer!=null)
				try {
					writer.close();
				} catch (CorruptIndexException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
		}
	}
}

package org.itat.test;

import org.itat.index.IndexUtil;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestIndex {
	@Test
	public void testIndex() {
		IndexUtil iu=new IndexUtil();
		iu.index();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testQuery() {
		IndexUtil iu=new IndexUtil();
		iu.query();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testDelete() {
		IndexUtil iu=new IndexUtil();
		iu.delete();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testunDelete() {
		IndexUtil iu=new IndexUtil();
		iu.unDelete();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testforceDelete() {
		IndexUtil iu=new IndexUtil();
		iu.forceDelete();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testMarge(){
		IndexUtil iu=new IndexUtil();
		iu.marge();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testUpdata() {
		IndexUtil iu=new IndexUtil();
		iu.updata();
	}
}