没备份的情况下，误删除数据文件的恢复

我们在误删除某个数据文件以后，如果此时数据库还是在open状态下，我们可以直接根据文件句柄，cp来进行恢复，这个我在前几天的文章中有详细的介绍，现在我们测试，如果此时数据库不小心关闭了，那么在没有备份的情况下，如果进行数据库的恢复工作
创建测试表空间
14:27:50 sys@orcl> create tablespace kiwi datafile '/u02/oradata/orcl/kiwi01.dbf' size 100m autoextend on  next 50m maxsize unlimited;

Tablespace created.

在这个表空间上面创建测试表
14:29:27 kiwi@orcl> create table test4 tablespace kiwi as select * from scott.emp;

Table created.

14:30:31 kiwi@orcl> select segment_name,tablespace_name from user_segments;
SEGMENT_NAME                                                                      TABLESPACE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
TEST4                                                                             KIWI

现在我们手动的删除这个数据文件
[14:36:23 oracle(db)@kiwi-test orcl]$ mv kiwi01.dbf kiwi_back

14:39:24 sys@orcl> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 5
ORA-01110: data file 5: '/u02/oradata/orcl/kiwi01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
由于数据文件的不存在，此时我们是不能够正常的关闭数据库的，直接shutdown abort
14:39:31 sys@orcl> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down
我们尝试在rman下面手动的恢复数据库

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 21-DEC-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=63 device type=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 12/21/2014 14:41:18
RMAN-06094: datafile 5 must be restored
报需要转储数据文件5

我们再回到sqlplus下面
14:43:13 idle> alter database create datafile 5;

Database altered.

14:43:42 idle> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u02/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u02/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u02/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
/u02/oradata/orcl/kiwi01.dbf

然后使用rman来进行数据库的恢复
RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 21-DEC-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 21-DEC-14

RMAN> alter database open;

database opened

14:46:29 kiwi@orcl> select segment_name,tablespace_name from user_segments;

SEGMENT_NAME                                                                      TABLESPACE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
TEST4                                                                             KIWI

我们可以看到kiwi表空间上面的表顺利的恢复了