MySQL级联删除

原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/doupei2006/article/details/7949077

（一）利用外键实现级联删除

1、先建立测试数据库

 

1. CREATE TABLE `roottb` (

2. `id` INT(11) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL,

3. `data` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

4. PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

5. ) TYPE=InnoDB;

6.  

7. CREATE TABLE `subtb` (

8. `id` INT(11) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL,

9. `rootid` INT(11) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

10. `data` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

11. PRIMARY KEY (`id`),

12. INDEX (`rootid`),

13. FOREIGN KEY (`rootid`) REFERENCES roottb(`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE

14. ) TYPE=InnoDB;

注意：数据表必须使用InnoDB引擎。

 

           外键必须建立索引

          外键绑定关系使用了“ on delete cascade ”

 

2、插入测试数据

 

1. INSERT INTO `roottb` (`id`,`data`)

2. VALUES ('1', 'test root line 1'),

3. ('2', 'test root line 2'),

4. ('3', 'test root line 3');

5.  

6. INSERT INTO `subtb` (`id`,`rootid`,`data`)

7. VALUES ('1', '1', 'test sub line 1 for root 1'),

8. ('2', '1', 'test sub line 2 for root 1'),

9. ('3', '1', 'test sub line 3 for root 1'),

10. ('4', '2', 'test sub line 1 for root 2'),

11. ('5', '2', 'test sub line 2 for root 2'),

12. ('6', '2', 'test sub line 3 for root 2'),

13. ('7', '3', 'test sub line 1 for root 3'),

14. ('8', '3', 'test sub line 2 for root 3'),

15. ('9', '3', 'test sub line 3 for root 3');

3、查看数据表的状态

 

4、试验级联删除功能

只删除roottb表中id为2的数据记录，看看subtb表中rootid为2的相关子纪录是否会自动删除！

 

1. mysql>; delete from `roottb` where `id`='2';

2. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

3.  

4. mysql>; select * from `roottb`;

5. +----+------------------+

6. | id | data |

7. +----+------------------+

8. | 1 | test root line 1 |

9. | 3 | test root line 3 |

10. +----+------------------+

11. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

12.  

13. mysql>; select * from `subtb`;

14. +----+--------+----------------------------+

15. | id | rootid | data |

16. +----+--------+----------------------------+

17. | 1 | 1 | test sub line 1 for root 1 |

18. | 2 | 1 | test sub line 2 for root 1 |

19. | 3 | 1 | test sub line 3 for root 1 |

20. | 7 | 3 | test sub line 1 for root 3 |

21. | 8 | 3 | test sub line 2 for root 3 |

22. | 9 | 3 | test sub line 3 for root 3 |

23. +----+--------+----------------------------+

24. 6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

 

 

以上部分转自于：bbs.chinaunix.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=462977

 

（二）利用触发器实现级联删除

下面给出实例

1、建立测试数据库

 

1. CREATE TABLE `root_trigger` (

2. `id` INT(11) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL,

3. `data` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

4. PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

5. );

6.  

7. CREATE TABLE `sub_trigger` (

8. `id` INT(11) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL,

9. `rootid` INT(11) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

10. `data` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

11. PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

12. );

2、插入测试数据

 

1. INSERT INTO `root_trigger` (`id`,`data`)

2. VALUES ('1', 'test root line 1'),

3. ('2', 'test root line 2'),

4. ('3', 'test root line 3');

5.  

6. INSERT INTO `sub_trigger` (`id`,`rootid`,`data`)

7. VALUES ('1', '1', 'test sub line 1 for root 1'),

8. ('2', '1', 'test sub line 2 for root 1'),

9. ('3', '1', 'test sub line 3 for root 1'),

10. ('4', '2', 'test sub line 1 for root 2'),

11. ('5', '2', 'test sub line 2 for root 2'),

12. ('6', '2', 'test sub line 3 for root 2'),

13. ('7', '3', 'test sub line 1 for root 3'),

14. ('8', '3', 'test sub line 2 for root 3'),

15. ('9', '3', 'test sub line 3 for root 3');

3、建立（级联/同步）删除的触发器

 

1. drop trigger if exists t_afterdelete_on_sub;

2. create trigger t_afterdelete_on_sub

3. after delete on root_trigger

4. for each row

5. begin

6. delete from sub_trigger where rootid=old.id;

7. end;

4、删除root_trigger表中的id=2的记录，再查看sub_trigger中rootid=2的记录是否删除

删除成功即实现了，触发器的级联删除！