如题,突然有个疑问,假如server 和client通过TCP建立连接后,server突然挂死。那么client调用
send()函数的返回值是什么呢?
测试结果:
如果client连接到server,当server进程终止之后,client的第一次发送是会成功的。
抓包如下图:
但是第二次send()就会失败,返回-1
Errno 32, Broken pipe。 同时也抓不到报文。
测试代码如下
server.c
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<netdb.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#define portnumber 8080
int main(int argc ,char *argv[])
{
int sockfd,new_fd;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
int sin_size,iDataNum;
char buffer[200];
if (argc!=2) {
fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
return 0;
}
if ((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1) {
fprintf(stderr,"Socket error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
return 0;
}
bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
server_addr.sin_port=htons(portnumber);
if (bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr),sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1) {
fprintf(stderr,"Bind error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
return 0;
}
if (listen(sockfd,5)==-1) {
fprintf(stderr,"Listen error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
return 0;
}
sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
if ((new_fd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&client_addr),&sin_size))==-1) {
fprintf(stderr,"Accept error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
return 0;
}
while (1) {
fprintf(stdout,"Server get connection from %s\n",inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr));
iDataNum=recv(new_fd,buffer,200,0);
if (iDataNum<0) {
perror("Recv\n");
exit(1);
}
printf("Recv data is %s\n",buffer);
send(new_fd,buffer,sizeof(buffer),0);
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
client.c
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<netdb.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<errno.h>
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int sockfd;
char sendbuffer[200];
char recvbuffer[200];
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
struct hostent *host;
int portnumber,nbytes;
if (argc!=3) {
fprintf(stderr,"Usage :%s hostname portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
return -1;
}
if ((host=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL) {
herror("Get host name error\n");
return -1;
}
if ((portnumber=atoi(argv[2]))<0) {
fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s hostname portnumber\a\n",argv[0]);
return -1;
}
if ((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1) {
fprintf(stderr,"Socket Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_port=htons(portnumber);
server_addr.sin_addr=*((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr);
if (connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr),sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1) {
fprintf(stderr,"Connect error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
while (1) {
printf("Please input your word:\n");
scanf("%s",sendbuffer);
printf("\n");
if(strcmp(sendbuffer,"quit")==0)
break;
int ret = 0;
ret = send(sockfd,sendbuffer,sizeof(sendbuffer),MSG_NOSIGNAL);
printf("send ret %d\n", ret);
if (ret == -1) {
printf("send failed number %d, err;%s\n", errno, strerror(errno));
}
ret = recv(sockfd,recvbuffer,200,0);
printf("recv data of my world is :%s; ret=%d\n",recvbuffer, ret);
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
执行过程
server:
./server 8080
client:
./client localhost 8080
遇到的问题
如果send()函数的标志位为0,则当server终止之后,client发送第二次send时,会导致线程退出。原因
在linux下send函数原型为:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
ssize_t send(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags);
其中“flags”被忽略了,一般设置为0,但当flags为0时,如果客户端断开,继续往里边写数据的话,会引发一个信号SIGPIPE,此信号会引发线程的退出。
所以,将“flags”设置为MSG_NOSIGNAL,则不会导致线程退出。
MSG_NOSIGNAL的含义,通过man send,说明如下:
MSG_NOSIGNAL (since Linux 2.2)
Requests not to send SIGPIPE on errors on stream oriented sockets when the
other end breaks the connection. The EPIPE error is still returned.
意思是,当对方断开连接导致错误时,不发送SIGPIPE信号。但还是会返回EPIPE错误。
于是,只需要判断send是否成功就可以了。