C++引用的本质_指针常量

引用的本质_指针常量

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

/// <summary>
/// 编译器发现是引用， 转换为 int* const ref = &a
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ref"></param>
void func(int& ref) {
    ref = 100;
}

int main() {
    int a = 0;

    //自动转换为 int* const ref = &a; 指针常量是指针指向不能改，也说明为什么引用不可以更改
    int& ref = a;
    ref = 20;  //内部发现ref是引用， 自动转换： *ref =20;
    
    cout << "a: " << a << endl;
    cout << "ref: " << ref << endl;

    func(a);
    cout << "a: " << a << endl;
    cout << "ref: " << ref << endl;

    return 0;
}

引用作为函数形参

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//值传递 ： 实参复制一份到形参
void mySwap01(int a, int b) {
    int temp = a;
    a = b;
    b = temp;

    cout << "值 传递：a="<< a <<"b="<< b << endl;
}

//地址传递
void mySwap02(int* a, int* b) {
    int temp = *a;
    *a = *b;
    *b = temp;

    cout << "地址传递：a=" << *a << "b=" << *b << endl;
}

//引用传递: 用引用（变量别名）接收
void mySwap03(int& a, int& b) {
    int temp = a;
    a = b;
    b = temp;

    cout << "引用传递：a=" << a << "b=" << b << endl;
}



int main() {
    int a = 10;
    int b = 20;

    //mySwap01(a, b);
    //mySwap02(&a, &b);
    mySwap03(a, b);

    cout << "main里面：a=" << a << "b=" << b << endl;
    return 0;

}

常量引用

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;


/// <summary>
/// 常量引用使用场景，通常用来修饰形参（赋予只读属性）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="val"></param>
void showValue(const int& val) {
    //val = 100; //此时val只读，不可修改
    cout << val << endl;
}

int main() {


    //编译器执行的是： int temp = 10; const int& ref  = temp (const int* const p = temp);
    const int& ref = 10; //ref 指向的内存只读

    int a = 10;
    showValue(a);

    cout << a << endl; ;

    return 0;
}