1、WebSocket简介
WebSocket是HTML5提供的一种全双工通信的协议,通常是浏览器(或其他客户端)与Web服务器之间的通信。这使得它适合于高度交互的Web应用程序,如及时通讯聊天等。
WebSocket协议是基于TCP的一种新的网络协议。它实现了浏览器与服务器全双工(full-duplex)通信——可以通俗的解释为服务器主动发送信息给客户端。
WebSocket首次在HTML5规范中被引用为TCP连接,作为基于TCP的套接字API的占位符。[1] WebSocket通信协议于2011年被IETF定为标准RFC 6455,并被RFC7936所补充规范。
摘抄来自:百度百科-websocket
2、Spring+websocket
spring4.0已经就支持websocket了,可以去查看官网。
官网:spring websocket
注:这个spring+websocket,自己也不是很熟悉,只是最近使用到了,学习了一下,记录处理了,方便以后避免走更多的绕路。
3、配置环境
3.1、环境:
spring-4.0.2.RELEASE
java1.7
apache-tomcat-7.0.75
maven构建工程:
POM.xml:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0</version>
</dependency>
SpringMVC:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
WebSocket:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
<version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId>
<version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
3.2、Servlet-api
servlet-api必须是3.0+,才支持websocket,所以如果不是,则要更新jar包。
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
3.3、web.xml配置
并且 web.xml的namespace也要确保是3.0+,
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<absolute-ordering />
</web-app>
代码:<absolute-ordering />也要添加在web.xml开始。
并且必须将所以的filter和servlet都要添加异步:
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
如:springMVC在web.xml中的配置也要添加:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
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4、service服务端的具体实现
4.1、首先创建websocket的处理类
MyWebSocketHandler.java
package com.cuit.secims.mw.ws;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import com.google.common.reflect.TypeToken;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
public class MyWebSocketHandler implements WebSocketHandler{
private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(MyWebSocketHandler.class);
private static final ArrayList<WebSocketSession> users = new ArrayList<WebSocketSession>();
@Override
public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session)
throws Exception {
log.info("connect websocket success.......");
users.add(session);
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(WebSocketSession session,
WebSocketMessage<?> message) throws Exception {
Gson gson = new Gson();
Map<String, Object> msg = gson.fromJson(message.getPayload().toString(),
new TypeToken<Map<String, Object>>() {}.getType());
log.info("handleMessage......."+message.getPayload()+"..........."+msg);
TextMessage textMessage = new TextMessage(msg.get("msgContent").toString(), true);
sendMsgToAllUsers(textMessage);
}
@Override
public void handleTransportError(WebSocketSession session,
Throwable exception) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session,
CloseStatus closeStatus) throws Exception {
log.info("connect websocket closed.......");
users.remove(session);
}
@Override
public boolean supportsPartialMessages() {
return false;
}
public void sendMsgToAllUsers(WebSocketMessage<?> message) throws Exception{
for (WebSocketSession user : users) {
user.sendMessage(message);
}
}
}
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处理类可以实现WebSocketHandler最基本的接口,也可以实现具体的接口
如:
处理类就是处理:连接开始、关闭、处理信息等方法
4.2、创建握手(handshake)接口/拦截器
HandshakeInterceptor .java
package com.cuit.secims.mw.ws;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.support.HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor;
public class HandshakeInterceptor extends HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor{
@Override
public boolean beforeHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request,
ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler,
Map<String, Object> attributes) throws Exception {
System.out.println("++++++++++++++++ HandshakeInterceptor: beforeHandshake ++++++++++++++"+attributes);
return super.beforeHandshake(request, response, wsHandler, attributes);
}
@Override
public void afterHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request,
ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler,
Exception ex) {
System.out.println("++++++++++++++++ HandshakeInterceptor: afterHandshake ++++++++++++++");
super.afterHandshake(request, response, wsHandler, ex);
}
}
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这个的主要作用是可以在握手前做一些事,把所需要的东西放入到attributes里面,然后可以在WebSocketHandler的session中, 取到相应的值,具体可参考HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor,这儿也可以实现HandshakeInterceptor 接口。
4.3、注册处理类及握手接口
这个有两种方式:
- 创建一个类来实现注册
- 使用xml配置文件实现
4.3.1、创建类MyWebSocketConfig
package com.cuit.secims.mw.ws;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@EnableWebSocket
public class MyWebSocketConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter implements WebSocketConfigurer {
@Override
public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addHandler(myWebSocketHandler(),"/websocket").addInterceptors(new HandshakeInterceptor());
registry.addHandler(myWebSocketHandler(), "/sockjs/websocket").addInterceptors(new HandshakeInterceptor())
.withSockJS();
}
@Bean
public WebSocketHandler myWebSocketHandler(){
return new MyWebSocketHandler();
}
}
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注意:不要忘记在springmvc的配置文件中配置对此类的自动扫描
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cuit.secims.mw.ws" />
4.3.2、xml配置方式
spring-WebSocket.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:websocket="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket
http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket/spring-websocket-4.0.xsd">
<bean id="myHandler" class="com.cuit.secims.mw.ws.MyWebSocketHandler"/>
<bean id="myInterceptor" class="com.cuit.secims.mw.ws.HandshakeInterceptor"/>
<websocket:handlers >
<websocket:mapping path="/websocket" handler="myHandler"/>
<websocket:handshake-interceptors>
<ref bean="myInterceptor"/>
</websocket:handshake-interceptors>
</websocket:handlers>
<websocket:handlers>
<websocket:mapping path="/sockjs/websocket" handler="myHandler"/>
<websocket:handshake-interceptors>
<ref bean="myInterceptor"/>
</websocket:handshake-interceptors>
<websocket:sockjs />
</websocket:handlers>
</beans>
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其中<websocket:sockjs />
就是对sockJS的注册方式。
注意:xml的namespace中要添加spring对websocket的支持:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:websocket="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket
http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket/spring-websocket-4.0.xsd">
5、client客户端的实现
5.1、页面展示
index.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="renderer" content="webkit">
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="sockjs.min.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="index.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div style="margin: 20px auto; border: 1px solid blue; width: 300px; height: 500px;">
<div id="msg" style="width: 100%; height: 70%; border: 1px solid yellow;overflow: auto;"></div>
<textarea id="tx" style="width: 100%; height: 20%;"></textarea>
<button id="TXBTN" style="width: 100%; height: 8%;">发送数据</button>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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5.2、JS-客户端主要的实现
index.js
$(function() {
var websocket;
if('WebSocket' in window) {
websocket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/SECIMS/websocket");
} else if('MozWebSocket' in window) {
websocket = new MozWebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/SECIMS/websocket");
} else {
websocket = new SockJS("http://localhost:8080/SECIMS/sockjs/websocket");
}
websocket.onopen = function(evnt) {
console.log(" websocket.onopen ");
};
websocket.onmessage = function(evnt) {
$("#msg").append("<p>(<font color='red'>" + evnt.data + "</font>)</p>");
console.log(" websocket.onmessage ");
};
websocket.onerror = function(evnt) {
console.log(" websocket.onerror ");
};
websocket.onclose = function(evnt) {
console.log(" websocket.onclose ");
};
$("#TXBTN").click(function(){
var text = $("#tx").val();
if(text == null || text == ""){
alert(" content can not empty!!");
return false;
}
var msg = {
msgContent: text,
postsId: 1
};
websocket.send(JSON.stringify(msg));
});
});
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客户端的主要API就是 创建websocket、监听打开、关闭、发送信息、处理信息等方法。
websocket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/SECIMS/websocket");
如果环境不支持websocket,则使用sockJS来模拟连接实现
websocket = new SockJS("http://localhost:8080/SECIMS/sockjs/websocket");
其中:SECIMS是工程名,而/websocket是环境支持,则请求的连接。而/sockjs/websocket,则是不支持websocket,使用sockJS模拟实现的连接。
6、效果展现
用户A:
用户B:
转:http://blog.csdn.net/mybook201314/article/details/70173674