Java中Integer自动装箱误区

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-25 15:03:11 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-08-25 15:03:11 发布

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分类专栏： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u013028736/article/details/52070696

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偶然间接到一段代码：

public class TestInteger {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Integer i = 100, j = 100;
		
		if (i == j) {
			System.out.println("i == j");
		} else {
			System.out.println("i != j");
		}
		
	}

}

结果可想而知：输出的是i == j; But 请看下文！

public class TestInteger {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Integer i = 200, j = 200;
		
		if (i == j) {
			System.out.println("i == j");
		} else {
			System.out.println("i != j");
		}
		
	}

}

这只是单纯的增大了i和j的值，结果却不一样。输出的是 i != j , 回想一下自动装箱，== 运算符可以判断基本类型是否相等，我开始怀疑是否当i = 200， j = 200，时是否产生了不同的对象。查阅jdk的源代码真的有所发现：

/**
     * Returns an {@code Integer} instance representing the specified
     * {@code int} value.  If a new {@code Integer} instance is not
     * required, this method should generally be used in preference to
     * the constructor {@link #Integer(int)}, as this method is likely
     * to yield significantly better space and time performance by
     * caching frequently requested values.
     *
     * This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
     * inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
     *
     * @param  i an {@code int} value.
     * @return an {@code Integer} instance representing {@code i}.
     * @since  1.5
     */
    public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
        if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
            return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
        return new Integer(i);
    }

综合代码和注释：这个方法会缓存 -128 到 127的值，但是超过这个范围会返回一个 Integer 对象。还有一个疑问的是这个IntegerCache，看名字是说整数类缓存，调用里面的静态数组然后返回。再次找到代码：

 /**
     * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between
     * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
     *
     * The cache is initialized on first usage.  The size of the cache
     * may be controlled by the {@code -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>} option.
     * During VM initialization, java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property
     * may be set and saved in the private system properties in the
     * sun.misc.VM class.
     */

    private static class IntegerCache {
        static final int low = -128;
        static final int high;
        static final Integer cache[];

        static {
            // high value may be configured by property
            int h = 127;
            String integerCacheHighPropValue =
                sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
            if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
                try {
                    int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
                    i = Math.max(i, 127);
                    // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
                    h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
                } catch( NumberFormatException nfe) {
                    // If the property cannot be parsed into an int, ignore it.
                }
            }
            high = h;

            cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
            int j = low;
            for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
                cache[k] = new Integer(j++);

            // range [-128, 127] must be interned (JLS7 5.1.7)
            assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
        }

        private IntegerCache() {}
    }

这就不难理解了， Java原来是会自动缓存 -128 - 127 的数值之内的数组，方便快速取值。但是这个最大的值在不同平台上不一样。

综上所述：当数值在-128和127之间时，产生的值是获得内部的缓存。当数值不在之类的时候，返回的是一个类，而且还不会自动拆箱。