mybatis是一款优秀的支持自定义sql查询、存储过程和高级映射的持久层框架,消除了jdbc的手动配置。mybatis支持XML或注解进行配置和映射,将参数映射到配置的sql形成最终执行的SQL语句,最终将结果映射到Java对象返回。
与Hibernate相比,它将sql的定义交给了程序员,要更加灵活。与JDBC相比,它简化了相关代码,sql语句再一行代码中就能执行。
mybatis支持声明式花奴才能,当一条sql语句被标记为“可缓存”后,首次执行从数据库中获取数据并被缓存到高速缓存中,后面再执行这条语句就会从高速缓存中获取数据,而不是再次命中数据库。
基于上述的介绍,对mybatis有了一个基本的认识,我们认识事物都从实践中来,首先先来做一个小例子,让我们能更清楚数据时如何调用的。
1、创建一个maven项目,在pom文件添加依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tgb</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!--测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql数据库驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.0.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2、配置mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--引入配置文件-->
<properties resource="dbconfig.properties"/>
<!--配置数据源-->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 将我们写好的sql映射文件(EmployeeMapper.xml)一定要注册到全局配置文件(mybatis-config.xml)中 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="mapper/RoleMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
dbconfig.properties:主要用于配置数据库连接的基本信息,方便我们进行修改。
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=1001
3、配置log4j,方便进行日志查询
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/">
<appender name="STDOUT" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
<param name="Encoding" value="UTF-8" />
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%-5p %d{MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %m (%F:%L) \n" />
</layout>
</appender>
<logger name="java.sql">
<level value="debug" />
</logger>
<logger name="org.apache.ibatis">
<level value="info" />
</logger>
<root>
<level value="debug" />
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>
</log4j:configuration>
4、创建实体类和mapper.xml文件
数据库准备:
CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户id',
`user_name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
`user_password` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',
`user_email` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
`user_info` text COMMENT '简介',
`head_img` blob COMMENT '头像',
`create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1010 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户表';
实体类SysUser
package com.tgb.mybatis.entity;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by zhangsisi on 2017/8/13.
*/
public class SysUser {
private Long id;
private String userName;
private String userPassword;
private String userEmail;
private String userInfo;
private byte[] headImg;
private Date createTime;
//get和set方法
}
Dao接口:UserDao
package com.tgb.mybatis.dao;
import com.tgb.mybatis.entity.SysUser;
public interface UserDao {
SysUser selectById(Long id);
}
Mapper文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.tgb.mybatis.dao.UserDao">
<resultMap id="userMap" type="com.tgb.mybatis.entity.SysUser">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="userName" column="user_name"/>
<result property="userPassword" column="user_password"/>
<result property="userEmail" column="user_email"/>
<result property="userInfo" column="user_info"/>
<result property="headImg" column="head_img"/>
<result property="createTime" column="create_time"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectById" resultMap="userMap">
select * from sys_user where id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
5、测试
现在一切准备就绪,我们就开始写测试类,进行测试
package com.tgb.mybtis;
import com.tgb.mybatis.dao.UserDao;
import com.tgb.mybatis.entity.SysUser;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
public class MybatisTest {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@BeforeClass
public static void init(){
try {
Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml");
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void test2() throws IOException {
SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
try{
UserDao userDao = openSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
SysUser user = userDao.selectById(1L);
System.out.println(user.getUserName());
}finally {
openSession.close();
}
}
}
测试结果:
总结:
这个简单的小例子就已经做出来,这是了解mybatis的第一步,当然有人会觉得这个也不太好用使用hibernate对于单表操作可以直接生成,而这个我还需要自己写,开发效率低。mybatis官方提供了一下逆向工程可以生成针对单表的操作,后续会介绍。。。