【SpringCloud】（一）：SpringCloud入门程序

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-15 21:29:51 发布

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分类专栏： ---------【SpringCloud】 SpringCloud

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fxq8866/article/details/76879890

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SpringCloud

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什么是SpringCloud，和SpringBoot的关系

官网：http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

spring Cloud是一个基于Spring Boot实现的云应用开发工具，它为基于JVM的云应用开发中的配置管理、服务发现、断路器、智能路由、微代理、控制总线、全局锁、决策竞选、分布式会话和集群状态管理等操作提供了一种简单的开发方式。

Spring boot 是 Spring 的一套快速配置脚手架，可以基于spring boot 快速开发单个微服务，Spring Cloud是一个基于Spring Boot实现的云应用开发工具；Spring boot专注于快速、方便集成的单个个体，Spring Cloud是关注全局的服务治理框架；spring boot使用了默认大于配置的理念，很多集成方案已经帮你选择好了，能不配置就不配置，Spring Cloud很大的一部分是基于Spring boot来实现。Spring boot可以离开Spring Cloud独立使用开发项目，但是Spring Cloud离不开Spring boot，属于依赖的关系。

spring -> spring booot > spring cloud 这样的关系。

作者：纯洁的微笑
链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/47304987/answer/169239519
来源：知乎

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

使用创建服务

http://start.spring.io/

服务提供者：用户微服务

服务消费者：电影微服务

服务提供者：microservice-simple-provider-user

POM.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.dynamic.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>microservice-simple-provider-user</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>microservice-simple-provider-user</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
			<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

User:使用jpa，加上相应注解

package com.dynamic.cloud.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

	@Entity
	public class User implements Serializable
	{
		@Id 
		@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
		private Long id;
		@Column
		private String username;
		@Column
		private String name;
		@Column
		private int age;
		@Column
		private BigDecimal balance;
	}

UserRepository

package com.dynamic.cloud.repository;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.dynamic.cloud.entity.User;

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Long>
{
	public User findById(Long id);
}

UserController

package com.dynamic.cloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.dynamic.cloud.entity.User;
import com.dynamic.cloud.repository.UserRepository;

@RestController
public class UserController
{

	@Autowired
	private UserRepository userRepository;

	@GetMapping("/simple/{id}")
	public User findById(@PathVariable Long id)
	{
		return this.userRepository.findById(id);
	}
}

启动类

MicroserviceSimpleProviderUserApplication

package com.dynamic.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MicroserviceSimpleProviderUserApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceSimpleProviderUserApplication.class, args);
	}
}

配置文件：application.yml

server:
  port: 7900
spring:
  jpa:
    generate-ddl: false
    show-sql: true
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: none
  datasource:
    platform: h2
    schema: classpath:schema.sql  #建表语句
    data: classpath:data.sql #数据
logging:
  level:
    root: INFO
    org.hibernate: INFO
    org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder: TRACE
    org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor: TRACE
    com.dynamic: DEBUG

数据文件：schema.sql和data.sql

drop table user if exists;
create table user(
	id bigint generated by default as identity,
	username varchar(40),
	name varchar(20),
	age int(3),
	balance decimal(10,2), 
	primary key(id)
);

insert into user(id,username, name, age, balance) values(1,'user1', '张三', 20, 100.00);
insert into user(id,username, name, age, balance) values(2,'user2', '李四', 20, 100.00);
insert into user(id,username, name, age, balance) values(3,'user3', '王五', 20, 100.00);
insert into user(id,username, name, age, balance) values(4,'user4', '马六', 20, 100.00);

服务提供的端口是7900

服务消费者：microservice-simple-comsumer-movie

POM.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.dynamic.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>microservice-simple-comsumer-movie</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>microservice-simple-comsumer-movie</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

User

只是调用不需要注解

package com.dynamic.cloud.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class User implements Serializable{
 
	private Long id;
 
	private String username;
 
	private String name;
 
	private int age;
 
	private BigDecimal balance;
}

Controller

使用restTemplate进行调用，RestTemplate有点类似于一个WebService客户端请求的模版，可以调用http请求的WebService，并将结果转换成相应的对象类型

package com.dynamic.cloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.dynamic.cloud.entity.User;

@RestController
public class MovieController {
	@Autowired
	private RestTemplate restTemplate;
	
	@Value("${user.userServicePath}")
	private String userServicePath;
	
	@GetMapping("/movie/{id}")
	public User findById(@PathVariable Long id)
	{
		return this.restTemplate.getForObject(this.userServicePath+id, User.class);
	}

}

启动类

package com.dynamic.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MicroserviceSimpleComsumerMovieApplication {

	@Bean
	public RestTemplate restTemplate()
	{
		return new RestTemplate(); //实例化RestTemplate
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceSimpleComsumerMovieApplication.class, args);
	}
}

配置文件：application.yml

server:
  port: 7901
user:
  userServicePath: http://localhost:7900/simple/

消费端的端口是7901，请求7900的服务

启动时去掉该选项。

总结：

SpringCloud基于SpringBoot,为微服务体系开发中的架构问题，提供了一整套的解决方案——服务注册与发现，服务消费，服务保护与熔断，网关，分布式调用追踪，分布式配置管理等。

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【SpringCloud】（一）：SpringCloud入门程序

什么是SpringCloud，和SpringBoot的关系官网：http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------spring Cloud是一个基于
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