【工作记录】软件开机自启、关闭自启操作

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-30 08:07:42 发布

暂7师师长常乃超

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-30 08:07:42 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zzh920625/article/details/53426757

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需求：软件需要由用户设置是否开机自启，这对于“QQ电脑管家”来说，设置启动项就Ok了，之前在11教机房的时候，有几个批处理文件需要放到”启动”文件夹下，这样子就可以在程序启动的时候将他打开，其实除了这种方法，还有一种，就是在注册表“SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run”这个地方做文章，网上有很多源码，下面实现以下通过在“启动”文件夹下带起.exe文件的这种方式。

一、ShortCut工具类

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace AutoStart
{
    static internal class NativeClasses
    {
        [Flags]
        internal enum SLR_MODE : uint
        {
            SLR_INVOKE_MSI = 0x80,
            SLR_NOLINKINFO = 0x40,
            SLR_NO_UI = 0x1,
            SLR_NOUPDATE = 0x8,
            SLR_NOSEARCH = 0x10,
            SLR_NOTRACK = 0x20,
            SLR_UPDATE = 0x4,
            SLR_NO_UI_WITH_MSG_PUMP = 0x101
        }

        [Flags]
        internal enum STGM_ACCESS : uint
        {
            STGM_READ = 0x00000000,
            STGM_WRITE = 0x00000001,
            STGM_READWRITE = 0x00000002,
            STGM_SHARE_DENY_NONE = 0x00000040,
            STGM_SHARE_DENY_READ = 0x00000030,
            STGM_SHARE_DENY_WRITE = 0x00000020,
            STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE = 0x00000010,
            STGM_PRIORITY = 0x00040000,
            STGM_CREATE = 0x00001000,
            STGM_CONVERT = 0x00020000,
            STGM_FAILIFTHERE = 0x00000000,
            STGM_DIRECT = 0x00000000,
            STGM_TRANSACTED = 0x00010000,
            STGM_NOSCRATCH = 0x00100000,
            STGM_NOSNAPSHOT = 0x00200000,
            STGM_SIMPLE = 0x08000000,
            STGM_DIRECT_SWMR = 0x00400000,
            STGM_DELETEONRELEASE = 0x04000000
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 4, Size = 0)]
        internal struct _FILETIME
        {
            public uint dwLowDateTime;
            public uint dwHighDateTime;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 4, Size = 0, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        internal struct _WIN32_FIND_DATAW
        {
            public uint dwFileAttributes;
            public _FILETIME ftCreationTime;
            public _FILETIME ftLastAccessTime;
            public _FILETIME ftLastWriteTime;
            public uint nFileSizeHigh;
            public uint nFileSizeLow;
            public uint dwReserved0;
            public uint dwReserved1;

            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 260)]
            public string cFileName;

            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 14)]
            public string cAlternateFileName;
        }

        internal const uint SLGP_SHORTPATH = 0x01;
        internal const uint SLGP_UNCPRIORITY = 0x02;
        internal const uint SLGP_RAWPATH = 0x04;

        [ComImport()]
        [Guid("000214F9-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
        [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
        internal interface IShellLinkW
        {
            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetPath([Out(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszFile, int cchMaxPath, ref _WIN32_FIND_DATAW pfd, uint fFlags);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetIDList(out IntPtr ppidl);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetIDList(IntPtr pidl);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetDescription([Out(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszFile, int cchMaxName);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetDescription([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszName);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetWorkingDirectory([Out(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszDir, int cchMaxPath);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetWorkingDirectory(
               [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszDir);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetArguments([Out(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszArgs, int cchMaxPath);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetArguments([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszArgs);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetHotkey(out ushort pwHotkey);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetHotkey(ushort pwHotkey);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetShowCmd(out uint piShowCmd);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetShowCmd(uint piShowCmd);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetIconLocation([Out(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszIconPath, int cchIconPath, out int piIcon);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetIconLocation(
               [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszIconPath, int iIcon);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetRelativePath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszPathRel, uint dwReserved);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int Resolve(IntPtr hWnd, uint fFlags);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SetPath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszFile);
        }

        [ComImport()]
        [Guid("0000010B-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
        [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
        internal interface IPersistFile
        {
            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetClassID(out Guid pClassID);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int IsDirty();

            [PreserveSig()]
            int Load([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszFileName, uint dwMode);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int Save([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszFileName, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] bool fRemember);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int SaveCompleted([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszFileName);

            [PreserveSig()]
            int GetCurFile([Out(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder pszIconPath);
        }

        [Guid("00021401-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
        [ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None)]
        [ComImport()]
        private class CShellLink { }

        internal static NativeClasses.IShellLinkW CreateShellLink()
        {
            return (NativeClasses.IShellLinkW)new NativeClasses.CShellLink();
        }
    }
    public class Shortcut
    {
        private const int MAX_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH = 512;
        private const int MAX_PATH = 512;

        private NativeClasses.IShellLinkW _link;

        public Shortcut()
        {
            this._link = NativeClasses.CreateShellLink();
        }

        public Shortcut(string path)
            : this()
        {
            Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.SetPath(path));
        }

        public string Path
        {
            get
            {
                NativeClasses._WIN32_FIND_DATAW fdata = new NativeClasses._WIN32_FIND_DATAW();
                StringBuilder path = new StringBuilder(MAX_PATH, MAX_PATH);
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.GetPath(path, path.MaxCapacity, ref fdata, NativeClasses.SLGP_UNCPRIORITY));
                return path.ToString();
            }
            set
            {
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.SetPath(value));
            }
        }

        public string Description
        {
            get
            {
                StringBuilder desc = new StringBuilder(MAX_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH, MAX_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH);
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.GetDescription(desc, desc.MaxCapacity));
                return desc.ToString();
            }
            set
            {
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.SetDescription(value));
            }
        }

        public string RelativePath
        {
            set
            {
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.SetRelativePath(value, 0));
            }
        }

        public string WorkingDirectory
        {
            get
            {
                StringBuilder dir = new StringBuilder(MAX_PATH, MAX_PATH);
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.GetWorkingDirectory(dir, dir.MaxCapacity));
                return dir.ToString();
            }
            set
            {
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.SetWorkingDirectory(value));
            }
        }

        public string Arguments
        {
            get
            {
                StringBuilder args = new StringBuilder(MAX_PATH, MAX_PATH);
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.GetArguments(args, args.MaxCapacity));
                return args.ToString();
            }
            set
            {
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.SetArguments(value));
            }
        }

        public ushort HotKey
        {
            get
            {
                ushort key = 0;
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.GetHotkey(out key));
                return key;
            }
            set
            {
                Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.SetHotkey(value));
            }
        }

        public void Resolve(IntPtr hwnd, uint flags)
        {
            Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(this._link.Resolve(hwnd, flags));
        }

        public void Resolve(IWin32Window window)
        {
            this.Resolve(window.Handle, 0);
        }

        public void Resolve()
        {
            this.Resolve(IntPtr.Zero, (uint)NativeClasses.SLR_MODE.SLR_NO_UI);
        }

        private NativeClasses.IPersistFile AsPersist
        {
            get { return ((NativeClasses.IPersistFile)this._link); }
        }

        public void Save(string fileName)
        {
            int hres = this.AsPersist.Save(fileName, true);
            Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(hres);
        }

        public void Load(string fileName)
        {
            int hres = this.AsPersist.Load(fileName, (uint)NativeClasses.STGM_ACCESS.STGM_READ);
            Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR(hres);
        }
    }
}

二、开始自启动按钮

private void autostart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

    if (!File.Exists(path)) return;
    Shortcut sc = new Shortcut();
    //启动的exe绝对路径
    sc.Path = path;
    //启动文件的文件夹
    sc.WorkingDirectory = path2;
    //保存快捷方式
    sc.Save($"{startupPath}\\{"VRLe S"}.lnk");
}

在这个方法前，需要加入几个全局变量：

    string path = @"F:\VRle\Debug\bin\soft\VRLe Server.exe";
    string path2 = @"F:\VRle\Debug\bin\soft\";
    string startupPath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Startup);

当然，这里是做实验，路径写死了F盘下的子路径，用了一个写死的.exe名称"VRLe S"，并且".lnk"其实就是快捷方式的后缀，单击autostart按钮，VRLe S的快捷方式，就会自动生成到"启动"文件夹下，每次开机，这个软件就能够开机自启。

既然实现了开机自启，那么关闭开机自启也就可以实现了：

private void delauto_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    var linkpath = Path.Combine(startupPath, "VRLe S.lnk");
    if (File.Exists(linkpath))
    {
        File.Delete(linkpath);
    }
}

注意：

1、Environment.GetFolderPath() 这个方法就是操作系统去寻找特定的文件路径，而Environment.SpecialFolder.Startup就是“启动”文件夹的位置。

2、ShortCut这个类，是公司的同事写的，“SLR_MODE”、“STGM_ACCESS”、这些枚举类以及结构，是为了ShortCut里用于和操作系统程序对接使用，这部分也不是很懂，总之下午和另一个同事一起研究这个，借助这个ShortCut，写了小程序，将我们的软件实现了开启关闭“开机自启”，当做源码，贴在这里，希望能够帮助到其他人。