uboot的Makefile分析之顶层config.mk

顶层目录下的config.mk文件 主要完成如下功能的配置：
1、确定生成可执行文件过程中需要的各种工具，如编译器(arm-linux-gcc)、连接器(arm-linux-ld)、反 汇编 器(arm-linux-objdump)等
2、确定CPU、板相关的配置文件，存在于各个目录下的config.mk
3、确定编译、链接、转换等过程的操作选项

4、根据步骤3确定的编译连接选项生成需要的文件

config.mk完整内容及必要注释如下
注：config.mk文件注释符改为/* 注释内容 */

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001. ifneq ($(OBJTREE),$(SRCTREE))

002. ifeq ($(CURDIR),$(SRCTREE))

003. dir :=

004. else

005. dir := $(subst $(SRCTREE)/,,$(CURDIR))

006. endif

007.  

008. obj := $(if $(dir),$(OBJTREE)/$(dir)/,$(OBJTREE)/)

009. src := $(if $(dir),$(SRCTREE)/$(dir)/,$(SRCTREE)/)

010.  

011. $(shell mkdir -p $(obj))

012. else

013. obj :=

014. src :=

015. endif

016. /* obj = 空，src = 空

017. * dir = 空

018. */

019.  

020. /* clean the slate ... */

021. PLATFORM_RELFLAGS =

022. PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS =

023. PLATFORM_LDFLAGS =

024.  

025. /* HOSTCFLAGS = -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer

026. * -Wall: 打印出编译时所有的错误或警告信息

027. * -Wstrict-prototypes: 编译时，若产生与数据类型不相符的问题，打印出提示或警告信息。当在不同体系结构间移植时，加上该选项可避免很多错误

028. * -O: 编译代码时的优化等级，共有五种：-O0、-O1、-O2、-O3和-Os

029. * -fomit-frame-pointer: 对于不需要帧指针的函数,不要在寄存器中保存帧指针

030. * 代码优化时打开-fomit-frame-pointer，函数调用时不保存frame指针，也就不能用backtrace()来查看函数栈调用

031. * backtrace()系列函数见[http://blog.csdn.net/u013686019/article/details/42128771](Linux中backtrace()系列函数的应用实例)

032. */

033. HOSTCFLAGS  = -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer \

034. $(HOSTCPPFLAGS)

035. /* HOSTSTRIP = strip

036. * strip能清除执行文件中不必要的标示符及调试信息，可减小文件大小而不影响正常使用，、

037. * 与压缩不同的是，文件一旦strip后就不能恢复原样

038. * strip后的文件不包含调试信息

039. */

040. HOSTSTRIP   = strip

041.  

042. /*

043. * Mac OS X / Darwin's C preprocessor is Apple specific.  It

044. * generates numerous errors and warnings.  We want to bypass it

045. * and use GNU C's cpp.  To do this we pass the -traditional-cpp

046. * option to the compiler.  Note that the -traditional-cpp flag

047. * DOES NOT have the same semantics as GNU C's flag, all it does

048. * is invoke the GNU preprocessor in stock ANSI/ISO C fashion.

049. *

050. * Apple's linker is similar, thanks to the new 2 stage linking

051. * multiple symbol definitions are treated as errors, hence the

052. * -multiply_defined suppress option to turn off this error.

053. */

054. ifeq ($(HOSTOS),darwin)

055. ......

056. else

057. HOSTCC      = gcc

058. endif

059.  

060. ifeq ($(HOSTOS),cygwin)

061. ......

062. endif

063.  

064. /* We build some files with extra pedantic flags to try to minimize things

065. * that won't build on some weird host compiler -- though there are lots of

066. * exceptions for files that aren't complaint.

067. */

068. HOSTCFLAGS_NOPED = $(filter-out -pedantic,$(HOSTCFLAGS))

069. /* -pedantic: 当GCC在编译不符合ANSI/ISO C语言标准的源代码时，如果在编译指令中加上了-pedantic选项

070. * 那么源程序中使用了扩展语法的地方将产生相应的警告信息

071. */

072. HOSTCFLAGS  += -pedantic

073.  

074. #########################################################################

075. /* Option checker (courtesy linux kernel) to ensure

076. * only supported compiler options are used

077. * cc-option变量保存了一个测试编译选项的命令，其他地方会经常用call函数来调用它，测试编译选项

078. * if $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(1) -S -o /dev/null -xc /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1;then

079. echo "$(1)";

080. else

081. echo "$(2)";

082. fi;

083. * -S：编译后立即结束，不进行<a href="http://www.it165.net/pro/yysam/" target="_blank" class="keylink">汇编</a>等操作

084. * -o /dev/null : 生成文件到/dev/null，即不生成任何编译结果,要编译的文件也为空

085. * -xc: 指定按c语言编译

086. * 用此语句如：call cc-option,-a,-b 则如果支持-a选项则返回-a否则返回-b

087. */

088. cc-option = $(shell if $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(1) -S -o /dev/null -xc /dev/null \

089. > /dev/null 2>&1; then echo "$(1)"; else echo "$(2)"; fi ;)

090.  

091. /* Include the make variables (CC, etc...) */

092. AS  = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as    /* 汇编工具 */

093. LD  = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld    /* 链接工具 */

094. CC  = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc   /* 编译工具 */

095. CPP = $(CC) -E              /* 预处理   */

096. AR  = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar    /* 归档工具 */

097. NM  = $(CROSS_COMPILE)nm    /* 列出object文件中的符号 */

098. LDR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ldr

099. STRIP   = $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip

100. OBJCOPY = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy /* 转换可执行文件格式工具 */

101. OBJDUMP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump /* 反汇编工具 */

102. RANLIB  = $(CROSS_COMPILE)RANLIB  /* 产生归档文件索引 */

103.  

104. #########################################################################

105. /* Load generated board configuration */

106. /* sinclude:

107. * 在Makefile中可使用"sinclude"代替"include"，用来忽略由于包含文件不存在或者无法创建时的错误

108. */

109. sinclude $(OBJTREE)/include/autoconf.mk

110.  

111. /* Some architecture config.mk files need to know what CPUDIR is set to,

112. * so calculate CPUDIR before including ARCH/SOC/CPU config.mk files.

113. * Check if arch/$ARCH/cpu/$CPU exists, otherwise assume arch/$ARCH/cpu contains

114. * CPU-specific code.

115. */

116. CPUDIR=arch/$(ARCH)/cpu/$(CPU)

117. ifneq ($(SRCTREE)/$(CPUDIR),$(wildcard $(SRCTREE)/$(CPUDIR)))

118. CPUDIR=arch/$(ARCH)/cpu

119. endif

120. /* CPUDIR=arch/arm/cpu/arm920t */

121.  

122. /* include architecture dependend rules: arch/arm/config.mk */

123. sinclude $(TOPDIR)/arch/$(ARCH)/config.mk

124. /* include  CPU specific rules: arch/arm/cpu/arm920t/config.mk */

125. sinclude $(TOPDIR)/$(CPUDIR)/config.mk

126. ifdef   SOC

127. /* include  SoC specific rules: arch/arm/cpu/arm920t/s3c24x0/config.mk */

128. sinclude $(TOPDIR)/$(CPUDIR)/$(SOC)/config.mk

129. endif

130. ifdef   VENDOR

131. BOARDDIR = $(VENDOR)/$(BOARD)

132. else

133. BOARDDIR = $(BOARD)

134. endif

135. /* BOARDDIR = samsung/smdk2410 */

136.  

137. ifdef   BOARD

138. /* include board specific rules: board/samsung/smdk2410/config.mk */

139. sinclude $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/config.mk

140. endif

141.  

142. #########################################################################

143. ifneq (,$(findstring s,$(MAKEFLAGS)))

144. ARFLAGS = cr

145. else

146. ARFLAGS = crv

147. endif

148. RELFLAGS= $(PLATFORM_RELFLAGS)

149. DBGFLAGS= -g # -DDEBUG

150. OPTFLAGS= -Os #-fomit-frame-pointer

151.  

152. /* LDSCRIPT = arch/arm/cpu/arm920t/u-boot.lds，在在文件arch/arm/config.mk中赋值 */

153. ifndef LDSCRIPT

154. #LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds.debug

155. ifeq ($(CONFIG_NAND_U_BOOT),y)

156. LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot-nand.lds

157. else

158. LDSCRIPT := $(TOPDIR)/board/$(BOARDDIR)/u-boot.lds

159. endif

160. endif

161. /* 段之间的空隙用0xff填充 */

162. OBJCFLAGS += --gap-fill=0xff

163.  

164. gccincdir := $(shell $(CC) -print-file-name=include)

165.  

166. /* CPPFLAGS变量综合了DBGFLAGS，OPTFLAGS，RELFLAGS编译选项，并定义了__KERBEL__

167. * -D: 设置宏定义__KERNEL__

168. */

169. CPPFLAGS := $(DBGFLAGS) $(OPTFLAGS) $(RELFLAGS)     \

170. -D__KERNEL__

171. ifneq ($(TEXT_BASE),)

172. CPPFLAGS += -DTEXT_BASE=$(TEXT_BASE)

173. endif

174.  

175. ifneq ($(RESET_VECTOR_ADDRESS),)

176. CPPFLAGS += -DRESET_VECTOR_ADDRESS=$(RESET_VECTOR_ADDRESS)

177. endif

178.  

179. ifneq ($(OBJTREE),$(SRCTREE))

180. CPPFLAGS += -I$(OBJTREE)/include2 -I$(OBJTREE)/include

181. endif

182.  

183. CPPFLAGS += -I$(TOPDIR)/include

184. CPPFLAGS += -fno-builtin -ffreestanding -nostdinc   \

185. -isystem $(gccincdir) -pipe $(PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS)

186.  

187. ifdef BUILD_TAG

188. CFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes \

189. -DBUILD_TAG='"$(BUILD_TAG)"'

190. else

191. CFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes

192. endif

193.  

194. CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-fno-stack-protector)

195.  

196. /* $(CPPFLAGS) sets -g, which causes gcc to pass a suitable -g<format> */

197. /* option to the assembler. */

198. AFLAGS_DEBUG :=

199.  

200. AFLAGS := $(AFLAGS_DEBUG) -D__ASSEMBLY__ $(CPPFLAGS)

201.  

202. LDFLAGS += -Bstatic -T $(obj)u-boot.lds $(PLATFORM_LDFLAGS)

203. ifneq ($(TEXT_BASE),)

204. LDFLAGS += -Ttext $(TEXT_BASE)

205. endif

206. /* LDFLAGS = -Bstatic -T u-boot.lds -Ttext 0x33F80000 */

207. /* CFLAGS = -g  -Os   -fno-common -ffixed-r8 -msoft-float  -D__KERNEL__ -DTEXT_BASE=0x33F80000 -I/u-boot-2010.06/include -fno-builtin -ffreestanding -nostdinc -isystem /usr/local/arm/4.2.2-eabi/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/4.2.2/include -pipe  -DCONFIG_ARM -D__ARM__ -marm  -mabi=aapcs-linux -mno-thumb-interwork -march=armv4 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-stack-protector */

208.  

209. /* Location of a usable BFD library, where we define "usable" as

210. * "built for ${HOST}, supports ${TARGET}".  Sensible values are

211. * - When cross-compiling: the root of the cross-environment

212. * - Linux/ppc (native): /usr

213. * - NetBSD/ppc (native): you lose ... (must extract these from the

214. *   binutils build directory, plus the native and U-Boot include

215. *   files don't like each other)

216. *

217. * So far, this is used only by tools/gdb/Makefile.

218. */

219. ifeq ($(HOSTOS),darwin)

220. BFD_ROOT_DIR =      /usr/local/tools

221. else

222. ifeq ($(HOSTARCH),$(ARCH))

223. /* native */

224. BFD_ROOT_DIR =      /usr

225. else

226. /* BFD_ROOT_DIR =       /LinuxPPC/CDK       # Linux/i386 */

227. /* BFD_ROOT_DIR =       /usr/pkg/cross      # NetBSD/i386 */

228. BFD_ROOT_DIR =      /opt/powerpc

229. endif

230. endif

231.  

232. #########################################################################

233. export  HOSTCC HOSTCFLAGS HO<a href="http://www.it165.net/pro/" target="_blank"class="keylink">STL</a>DFLAGS PEDCFLAGS HOSTSTRIP CROSS_COMPILE \

234. AS LD CC CPP AR NM STRIP OBJCOPY OBJDUMP MAKE

235. export  TEXT_BASE PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS PLATFORM_RELFLAGS CPPFLAGS CFLAGS AFLAGS

236.  

237. #########################################################################

238. /* 下面几行规定了各种文件的编译时用到的编译选项 */

239. /* Allow boards to use custom optimize flags on a per dir/file basis */

240. BCURDIR = $(subst $(SRCTREE)/,,$(CURDIR:$(obj)%=%))

241. /* BCURDIR = 顶层目录 */

242. $(obj)%.s:  %.S

243. $(CPP) $(AFLAGS) $(AFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)/$(@F)) $(AFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)) \

244. -o $@ $<

245. $(obj)%.o:  %.S

246. $(CC)  $(AFLAGS) $(AFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)/$(@F)) $(AFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)) \

247. -o $@ $< -c

248. $(obj)%.o:  %.c

249. $(CC)  $(CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)/$(@F)) $(CFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)) \

250. -o $@ $< -c

251. $(obj)%.i:  %.c

252. $(CPP) $(CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)/$(@F)) $(CFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)) \

253. -o $@ $< -c

254. $(obj)%.s:  %.c

255. $(CC)  $(CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)/$(@F)) $(CFLAGS_$(BCURDIR)) \

256. -o $@ $< -c -S