android客户端向服务器通信一般有以下选择: 1.传统的java.net.HttpURLConnection类 2.apache的httpClient框架(已纳入android.jar中,可直接使用) 3.github上的开源框架async-http(基于httpClient) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 下面分别记录这三种方式的使用,
传统方式:
使用httpClient:
3.使用async-http框架,这个如果使用的话需要导入框架的jar包或者把源码拷到工程下: 这个框架的好处是每次请求会开辟子线程,不会抛networkonmainthread异常,另外处理器类继承了Handler类,所以可以在里面更改UI。 注:这里使用的是最新的1.4.4版。 ·
上面那个tv_show是一个TextView控件。
传统方式:
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/**
* 以get方式向服务端发送请求,并将服务端的响应结果以字符串方式返回。如果没有响应内容则返回空字符串
*
* @param url 请求的url地址
* @param params 请求参数
* @param charset url编码采用的码表
* @return
*/
public static String getDataByGet(String url,Map<string,string> params,String charset)
{
if (url == null )
{
return ;
}
url = url.trim();
URL targetUrl = null ;
try
{
if (params == null )
{
targetUrl = new URL(url);
}
else
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url+?);
for (Map.Entry<string,string> me : params.entrySet())
{
// 解决请求参数中含有中文导致乱码问题
sb.append(me.getKey()).append(=).append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),charset)).append(&);
}
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()- 1 );
targetUrl = new URL(sb.toString());
}
Log.i(TAG,get:url----->+targetUrl.toString()); //打印log
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) targetUrl.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout( 3000 );
conn.setRequestMethod(GET);
conn.setDoInput( true );
int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)
{
return stream2String(conn.getInputStream(),charset);
}
} catch (Exception e)
{
Log.i(TAG,e.getMessage());
}
return ;
/**
* 以post方式向服务端发送请求,并将服务端的响应结果以字符串方式返回。如果没有响应内容则返回空字符串
* @param url 请求的url地址
* @param params 请求参数
* @param charset url编码采用的码表
* @return
*/
public static String getDataByPost(String url,Map<string,string> params,String charset)
{
if (url == null )
{
return ;
}
url = url.trim();
URL targetUrl = null ;
OutputStream out = null ;
try
{
targetUrl = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) targetUrl.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout( 3000 );
conn.setRequestMethod(POST);
conn.setDoInput( true );
conn.setDoOutput( true );
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (params!= null && !params.isEmpty())
{
for (Map.Entry<string,string> me : params.entrySet())
{
// 对请求数据中的中文进行编码
sb.append(me.getKey()).append(=).append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),charset)).append(&);
}
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()- 1 );
}
byte [] data = sb.toString().getBytes();
conn.setRequestProperty(Content-Type,application/x-www-form-urlencoded);
conn.setRequestProperty(Content-Length, String.valueOf(data.length));
out = conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(data);
Log.i(TAG,post:url----->+targetUrl.toString()); //打印log
int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)
{
return stream2String(conn.getInputStream(),charset);
}
} catch (Exception e)
{
Log.i(TAG,e.getMessage());
}
return ;
}
/**
* 将输入流对象中的数据输出到字符串中返回
* @param in
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static String stream2String(InputStream in,String charset) throws IOException
{
if (in == null )
return ;
byte [] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ];
ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len = 0 ;
while ((len = in.read(buffer)) !=- 1 )
{
bout.write(buffer, 0 , len);
}
String result = new String(bout.toByteArray(),charset);
in.close();
return result;
}</string,string></string,string></string,string></string,string>
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package cn.edu.chd.httpclientdemo.http;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* @author Rowand jj
*
*http工具类,发送get/post请求
*/
public final class HttpUtils
{
private static final String TAG = HttpUtils;
private static final String CHARSET = utf- 8 ;
private HttpUtils(){}
/**
* 以get方式向指定url发送请求,将响应结果以字符串方式返回
* @param uri
* @return 如果没有响应数据返回null
*/
public static String requestByGet(String url,Map<string,string> data)
{
if (url == null )
return null ;
// 构建默认http客户端对象
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
try
{
// 拼装url,并对中文进行编码
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url+?);
if (data != null )
{
for (Map.Entry<string,string> me : data.entrySet())
{
sb.append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getKey(),CHARSET)).append(=).append(URLEncoder.encode(me.getValue(),utf- 8 )).append(&);
}
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()- 1 );
}
Log.i(TAG, [get]--->uri:+sb.toString());
// 创建一个get请求
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(sb.toString());
// 执行get请求,获取http响应
HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
// 获取响应状态行
StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
//请求成功
if (statusLine != null && statusLine.getStatusCode() == 200 )
{
// 获取响应实体
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null )
{
return readInputStream(entity.getContent());
}
}
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null ;
}
/**
* 以post方式向指定url发送请求,将响应结果以字符串方式返回
* @param url
* @param data 以键值对形式表示的信息
* @return
*/
public static String requestByPost(String url,Map<string,string> data)
{
if (url == null )
return null ;
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
List<namevaluepair> params = null ;
try
{
Log.i(TAG, [post]--->uri:+url);
params = new ArrayList<namevaluepair>();
if (data != null )
{
for (Map.Entry<string,string> me : data.entrySet())
{
params.add( new BasicNameValuePair(me.getKey(),me.getValue()));
}
}
// 设置请求实体
post.setEntity( new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,CHARSET));
// 获取响应信息
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
if (statusLine!= null && statusLine.getStatusCode()== 200 )
{
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity!= null )
{
return readInputStream(entity.getContent());
}
}
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null ;
}
/**
* 将流中的数据写入字符串返回
* @param is
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static String readInputStream(InputStream is) throws IOException
{
if (is == null )
return null ;
ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len = 0 ;
byte [] buf = new byte [ 1024 ];
while ((len = is.read(buf))!=- 1 )
{
bout.write(buf, 0 , len);
}
is.close();
return new String(bout.toByteArray());
}
/**
* 将流中的数据写入字符串返回,以指定的编码格式
* 【如果服务端返回的编码不是utf-8,可以使用此方法,将返回结果以指定编码格式写入字符串】
* @param is
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static String readInputStream(InputStream is,String charset) throws IOException
{
if (is == null )
return null ;
ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len = 0 ;
byte [] buf = new byte [ 1024 ];
while ((len = is.read(buf))!=- 1 )
{
bout.write(buf, 0 , len);
}
is.close();
return new String(bout.toByteArray(),charset);
}
}</string,string></namevaluepair></namevaluepair></string,string></string,string></string,string>
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/**
* 使用异步http框架发送get请求
* @param path get路径,中文参数需要编码(URLEncoder.encode)
*/
public void doGet(String path)
{
AsyncHttpClient httpClient = new AsyncHttpClient();
httpClient.get(path, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler(){
@Override
public void onSuccess( int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte [] responseBody)
{
if (statusCode == 200 )
{
try
{
// 此处应该根据服务端的编码格式进行编码,否则会乱码
tv_show.setText( new String(responseBody,utf- 8 ));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
}
/**
* 使用异步http框架发送get请求
* @param path
*/
public void doPost(String path)
{
AsyncHttpClient httpClient = new AsyncHttpClient();
RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
params.put(paper,中文); //value可以是流、文件、对象等其他类型,很强大!!
httpClient.post(path, params, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler(){
@Override
public void onSuccess( int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte [] responseBody)
{
if (statusCode == 200 )
{
tv_show.setText( new String(responseBody));
}
}
});
}
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