Frame Relay封装协议cisco & IETF

Question:

I have 2 routers using frame relay.  One is configured with encapsulation frame-relay ietf, the other one withencapsulation frame-relay

Everything else (DLCIs, mapping, LMI) is configured correctly.  Will those two routers have problem communicate or not and why?

 

Answer:

- Frame Relay encapsulation works between DTE devices (client FR routers) and IETF encapsulation is for interoperability between Cisco and non-Cisco, so IETF on one side (Cisco device) and any other device with IETF encapsulation (Cisco devices included) should work.

- Frame Relay LMI needs to be matched between each couple of DTE-DCE devices (client FR routers and FR Provider switch). The FR Switch device is responsible for managing and maintaining status between the devices so need to understand the format the client DTE is using.

==>   Consequently DTE router and DCE router with different LMI type will not be able to  communicate.

In the following example R3 (DTE) has Cisco the default encapsulation and R2 (DTE) has IETF encapsulation

R3 (DTE) :

R3:

R3#sh int s0/3

Serial0/3 is up, line protocol is up

  Hardware is M4T

  Internet address is 192.168.23.3/24

  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,

     reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

  Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY, crc 16, loopback not set

  Keepalive set (10 sec)

  Restart-Delay is 0 secs

  LMI enq sent  19, LMI stat recvd 19, LMI upd recvd 0, DTE LMI up

  LMI enq recvd 0, LMI stat sent  0, LMI upd sent  0

  LMI DLCI 1023  LMI type is CISCO  frame relay DTE

  FR SVC disabled, LAPF state down

<output omitted>

R3#

R2 (FR Switch) :

R2(config-if)#do sh int s0/0

Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up

  Hardware is M4T

  Internet address is 192.168.23.2/24

  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,

     reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

  Encapsulation FRAME-RELAY IETF, crc 16, loopback not set

  Keepalive set (10 sec)

  Restart-Delay is 0 secs

  LMI enq sent  35, LMI stat recvd 35, LMI upd recvd 0, DTE LMI up

  LMI enq recvd 0, LMI stat sent  0, LMI upd sent  0

  LMI DLCI 1023  LMI type is CISCO  frame relay DTE

  FR SVC disabled, LAPF state down

============================================

ping from R3(DTE) to R2(DTE) :

R3#ping 192.168.23.2 repeat 1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.23.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/52/84 ms

R3#

*Mar  1 00:07:22.147: Serial0/3(o): dlci 302(0x48E1), pkt type 0x800(IP), datagramsize 104

*Mar  1 00:07:22.231: Serial0/3(i): dlci 302(0x48E1), NLPID 0x3CC(IP), datagramsize 104

debug on R2 (DTE):

R2#

*Mar  1 00:07:22.427: Serial0/0(i): dlci 203(0x30B1), pkt type 0x800, datagramsize 104

*Mar  1 00:07:22.431: Serial0/0(o): dlci 203(0x30B1), NLPID 0x3CC(IP), datagramsize 104

R2#

-------------- FRS Configuration

R1#sh frame route

Input Intf      Input Dlci      Output Intf     Output Dlci     Status

Serial0/2       203             Serial0/3       302             active

Serial0/3       302             Serial0/2       203             active

R1#

R1#sh run int s0/2

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 214 bytes

!

interface Serial0/2

no ip address

encapsulation frame-relay

serial restart-delay 0

clockrate 2016000

frame-relay lmi-type cisco

frame-relay intf-type dce

frame-relay route 203 interface Serial0/3 302

end

R1#sh run int s0/3

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 214 bytes

!

interface Serial0/3

no ip address

encapsulation frame-relay

serial restart-delay 0

clockrate 2016000

frame-relay lmi-type cisco

frame-relay intf-type dce

frame-relay route 302 interface Serial0/2 203

end

R1#

As you can see the ping is successful despite the different FR encapsulation

As soon as I change the LMI  on the FR switch R1, both the switch interface and the DTE interfaces become "Protocol Down":

R1(FR Switch):

R1(config)#interface Serial0/3

R1(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ansi

R1(config-if)#

*Mar  1 00:10:27.415: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3, changed state to down

R1(config-if)#

R1(config-if)#

*Mar  1 00:13:01.035: Serial0/2(in): StEnq, myseq 76

*Mar  1 00:13:01.035: RT IE 1, length 1, type 1

*Mar  1 00:13:01.035: KA IE 3, length 2, yourseq 77, myseq 76

*Mar  1 00:13:01.035: Serial0/2(out): Status, myseq 77, yourseen 77, DCE up

*Mar  1 00:13:01.411: Serial0/3: Invalid LMI type 1

R1(config-if)#

R3 (DTE)  :

*Mar  1 00:14:00.875: Serial0/3(out): StEnq, myseq 20, yourseen 60, DTE down

*Mar  1 00:14:00.875: datagramstart = 0x7A019D4, datagramsize = 13

*Mar  1 00:14:00.875: FR encap = 0xFCF10309

*Mar  1 00:14:00.875: 00 75 01 01 00 03 02 14 3C

*Mar  1 00:14:00.879:

As you can see the ping is fails with different FR LMI types between DTE-DCE

Now back to normal :

R2 (FRS):  ==> turn to protocol UP and start sending and receiving LMI messages

R1(config-if)#int s0/3

R1(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type cisco

*Mar  1 00:17:42.395: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#

*Mar  1 00:17:51.011: Serial0/2(in): StEnq, myseq 105

*Mar  1 00:17:51.011: RT IE 1, length 1, type 1

*Mar  1 00:17:51.011: KA IE 3, length 2, yourseq 106, myseq 105

*Mar  1 00:17:51.011: Serial0/2(out): Status, myseq 106, yourseen 106, DCE up

R3 (DTE): ==> turn to protocol UP and start sending and receiving LMI messages

*Mar  1 00:17:41.875: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3, changed state to up

*Mar  1 00:18:00.875: Serial0/3(out): StEnq, myseq 44, yourseen 4, DTE up

*Mar  1 00:18:00.875: datagramstart = 0x7B6D934, datagramsize = 13

*Mar  1 00:18:00.875: FR encap = 0xFCF10309

*Mar  1 00:18:00.875: 00 75 01 01 01 03 02 2C 04

*Mar  1 00:18:00.879:

*Mar  1 00:18:00.907: Serial0/3(in): Status, myseq 44, pak size 13

*Mar  1 00:18:00.907: RT IE 1, length 1, type 1

*Mar  1 00:18:00.907: KA IE 3, length 2, yourseq 5 , myseq 44